20 1 1 Is there a record of the weather in the first half of the year?

Half-year national weather and climate inventory

Extreme drought in southwest China, persistent rare low temperature in northeast China and north China, heavy precipitation process in south China1/kloc-0, unusually high temperature in northeast China in June, and spring sandstorm in north China ... The analysis of the National Climate Center shows that from June to June this year, there are many weather and climate anomalies in China, with frequent extreme weather and climate events and many sudden, extreme and concurrent meteorological disasters, which have a wide range of influences and are very harmful.

Southwest China has high temperature and little rain, and the worst drought in autumn, winter and spring has appeared on record.

From September to mid-March, 2009, the precipitation in Yunnan, Guizhou, southern Sichuan and northern Guangxi was 30% ~ 80% less than normal, and the average precipitation in Yunnan and Guizhou was the lowest since meteorological observation records were recorded.

The temperature in most parts of southwest China is higher than normal, and the average temperature in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces is the highest and the third highest in the same period in history. Long-term high temperature and lack of rain led to the worst drought in autumn, winter and spring in Yunnan, Guizhou, southern Sichuan and northern Guangxi since meteorological records were recorded. The drought lasted for a long time, nearly half a year. The longest drought days in severe drought areas in Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Sichuan all exceeded 150 days, and the average drought days in Yunnan and Guizhou all reached the highest in the same period in history. Severe droughts in Yunnan and Guizhou covered 85% and 865,438+0% of counties (cities) respectively.

Affected by frequent cold air, the northeast and north China have experienced a rare continuous low temperature in the past 40 years.

From June 165438+ 10 to April/20 10, 2009, under the influence of frequent cold air, a rare continuous low-temperature disaster occurred in Northeast China and North China in recent 40 years, which showed the characteristics of early occurrence, long duration, low extreme temperature and great impact on agricultural production.

The average temperature in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei provinces (municipalities) is the lowest since 197 1 year, and the average minimum temperature is the second lowest since 197 1 year. The average temperature and the average minimum temperature in the three northeastern provinces are the second and third lowest values in the same period since 197 1 respectively.

Unusual cold caused rare sea ice disasters in Bohai Sea and northern Yellow Sea. In the first half of June last year, the strong rain and snow weather in 5438+065438+ 10 made the northern winter wheat enter the stop-growing stage 15 to 25 days earlier. After the spring of this year, two cold wave weather processes delayed the turning green of winter wheat by 7 to 20 days.

From October to mid-May in 65438/kloc-0, there was more rain and snow in the northeast, and the soil was extremely wet. The precipitation and precipitation days in the three northeastern provinces are all 195 1 year, which is the highest in the same period in history.

South China entered the flood season early, with a wide range of influence and strong convective weather early.

From June 65438+1 October1to March 16 this year, there was frequent precipitation in Jianghuai and Jiangnan. The regional average precipitation in Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Fujian provinces is 3 13.0mm, which is 6 1% more than normal, accounting for 19565438. At the beginning of March, heavy rainfall caused rare early floods in Jiangxi and Zhejiang.

From May to June, the heavy precipitation weather process in South China was as high as 1 1 time. The average rainfall in the main rainy areas in the south of the Yangtze River and South China (areas with rainfall greater than 600 mm) reached 829.8 mm, ranking first in the same period in history.

Frequent heavy rainfall has caused some rivers such as Xijiang River, Xiangjiang River, Minjiang River, Ganjiang River and Xinjiang River to exceed the warning water level, and the Fuhe Dam in Jiangxi Province burst, and the water levels of some reservoirs in Hunan and Yunnan provinces approached the flood limit water level. Serious waterlogging occurred in some counties of Jiangxi, Guangxi, Guangdong and Fujian; On June 28th, heavy rain in Guanling County, Guizhou Province triggered a landslide, causing heavy casualties. In addition, due to the continuous rainstorm, many national and provincial trunk highways in Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan and other places were partially interrupted due to water damage, and some trains on Xiaying Line and Fengfu Line in Jiangxi were stopped.

Strong convective weather usually enters an active period in April and May, but it has increased significantly in June and March this year. The first severe convective weather in Yunnan occurred on June 26th, 65438, half a month earlier than the average time for many years.

In June, high temperature weather occurred frequently in Northeast China, and its intensity exceeded the historical extreme.

In June, high temperature above 35℃ generally occurred in north-central Northeast China, south-central North China, Huanghuai, western Jianghuai, Jianghan and most of Inner Mongolia, most of Xinjiang, Shaanxi and Hainan.

From June 23 to 29, a wide range of high temperature weather occurred in most parts of Northeast China and Northeast Inner Mongolia, and the highest temperature in some areas could reach 38℃ to 40℃. The daily maximum temperature of 96 stations reached the standard of extreme events, and 32 stations exceeded the historical extreme value. Abnormal high temperature and dry forest combustible materials lead to high forest fire risk rating, and forest fires occur in northwest Heilongjiang and northeast Inner Mongolia.

There is more snowfall in winter and spring in northern Xinjiang, and snowmelt floods appear in the later period.

From October to March in 65438/kloc-0, the average precipitation in northern Xinjiang was 94.8 mm, which was three times more than the normal period. Precipitation and precipitation days are the most in the same period in history.

From March to May, with the temperature rising, snowmelt floods occurred in parts of western and northern Xinjiang, and 29 counties (cities) in 8 prefectures (states) such as Altay, Tacheng, Yili, Bozhou, Bazhou, Zhou Ke, Kashgar and Hotan suffered from floods, causing geological disasters such as mudslides and landslides.

There are 16 sandstorms in the north, and there are relatively few strong sandstorms.

Since the beginning of this year, there have been 16 sandstorms in China.

The dusty weather in the north presents five characteristics. First, the departure time is late. The first sandstorm occurred in March 1 1 to 12, which is the latest year in recent 10 years. Second, the occurrence period is concentrated, and the dust concentration occurs in the middle and late March and early May, once every three days on average; Third, it has a wide range of influence, and dusty weather has appeared in most parts of the north. Among them, the strong sandstorm process from March 19 to 22 affected 2/Kloc-0 provinces in China, which was the most extensive in China this year, and this sandstorm weather also affected the surrounding areas in eastern China; Fourth, there are few strong sandstorms, only 1 time, which is less than the average of the same period since 2000; Fifth, the intensity of local sandstorms is strong. From April 24 to 26, a particularly strong sandstorm occurred in Minqin, Gansu Province, with an instantaneous extreme wind force of 10, which was the strongest sandstorm process in Gansu Province in recent 9 years.