How are South China, North China, Central China, East China, Jiangnan, Jianghuai, Jiangnan and the north of the Yangtze River divided? Which provinces are specifically included?

East China or East China, the abbreviation of East China, is one of the geographical regions of China.

Administrative "six provinces and one city in East China" refers to Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian and Shanghai, and China generally includes Taiwan Province Province in East China.

South China is a geographical concept in China, which can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense.

Generalized "South China"

South China in a broad sense is "South China", which geographically refers to the vast area of China south of the Qinling-Huaihe line. This difference includes climate, economic production, transportation, culture and so on. The south belongs to subtropical monsoon climate and tropical monsoon climate. In ancient times, rice was the main food crop and waterway was the main mode of transportation.

[Editor] "South China" in a narrow sense

Chivalrous South China refers to "Lingnan" and "south of Wuling". This concept of "South China" includes Jiangxi Province, and Hunan Province is partly located in the county south of Wuling. However, due to modern administrative divisions, the narrow sense of "South China" usually refers only to Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangdong Province and Hainan Province.

Other geographical concepts similar to or similar to "South China"

Central and South China

The geographical concept of Central South is rarely seen in traditional appellations, and it has been gradually used since modern times. It usually includes present-day Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangdong and Hainan provinces. Today, the Guangzhou Military Region of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, formerly known as the Central South Military Region, includes the above-mentioned provinces and regions, and later placed Henan Province under the jurisdiction of jinan military area command.

Today, the traffic atlas published in People's Republic of China (PRC) usually unifies the highway network between Henan Province and the two lakes, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan into "Central South Region".

South of the Yangtze river

Jiangnan used to refer to the vast southern region, but with the development of history, it gradually narrowed down to "the land of the east of the Yangtze River", that is, today's Shanghai, the south of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, the south of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province, the northeast of Jiangxi Province and the north of Qiantang River in Zhejiang Province.

Yue he yue

"Guangdong" means "Guangdong", which used to refer to the land of Baiyue, and its scope once included the vast area south of the Yangtze River. However, with the gradual sinicization of Jiangnan area, its meaning scope is gradually narrowing, and the meanings of "Yue" and "Yue" have been separated since the Tang and Song Dynasties. "Yue" refers to the "land crossing the sea" to the south of Qiantang River (conversely, it is called "Sanwu" to the north of Qiantang River), and the south of the Yangtze River can also be called "wuyue".

And "Guangdong" refers to the Lingnan area (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan) with a relatively low degree of sinicization at that time. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, "Guangdong" still refers to Guangdong and Guangxi. For example, in Xu Xiake's travels, Guangdong is called East Guangdong and Guangxi is called West Guangdong. Nanming is located in Jingjiang Wang, Guilin, Guangxi, claiming to "live in a smoky place in western Guangdong" (Gu Cheng's History of Nanming), while the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement "originated in western Guangdong".

After the late Qing Dynasty, the meaning of "Guangdong" was reduced to "Guangdong Province". When it comes to modern "Guangdong", Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Hainan Province are generally excluded.

North China In a broad sense, North China refers to the vast area of China to the north of the Qinling Huaihe River Line. China is a political and geographical region, which refers to the area located in the north of China. At present, it refers to Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

People's Republic of China (PRC) and North China include Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and the central part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, namely Xilin Gol League, Wulanchabu, Baotou and Hohhot. Generally, the whole of Inner Mongolia is included in North China.

Central China or Central China, the traditional geographical area of China, or "Central China".

After 1949, now Central China can refer to:

The four central provinces include: Henan, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi.

The three central provinces include Henan Province, Hubei Province and Hunan Province. Jiangxi province is considered as East China.

Central China and South China are often collectively referred to as Central South.

At present, it belongs to the Central Economic Zone, the second step of China's economic geography.

Jiangnan literally means Jiangnan. "Jiang" has a special meaning in Chinese, which is the Yangtze River. Jiangnan originally refers to the area south of the Yangtze River. In ancient times, Jiangnan often represented a prosperous and developed culture and education and a beautiful and rich water town scene, and the region was roughly the south bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

Jiangnan in history

There was a saying of Jiangnan in the pre-Qin period. Until the Sui Dynasty, the Central Plains was still the center of geographical coordinates, and Jiangnan often referred to the area south of the Yangtze River in Hunan and Hubei.

Jiangnan Road was established in the Tang Dynasty, and later it was divided into Jiangnan East Road, Jiangnan West Road and Guizhou Middle Road, which became the beginning of defining the meaning of modern Jiangnan, and later Jiangnan became the proper name of Jiangdong area. The evolution of administrative divisions named after "Jiangnan" in history;

Before the Tang Dynasty, the term Jiangnan included the vast areas along the Yangtze River and Jiangnan, including Jingzhou (southeastern Hubei and Hunan) and Yangzhou (Jiangxi, southern Anhui, Fujian, southern Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang).

Jiangnan West Road (southeastern Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi, southern Anhui) and Jiangnan East Road (Fujian, southern Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang) were established in the Tang Dynasty.

Jiangnan West Road (most of Jiangxi, southeastern Hubei) and Jiangnan East Road (northeastern Jiangxi, southern Anhui and Nanjing) were established in the Song Dynasty.

In the early Qing Dynasty, 1645 established jiangnan province, and 1667 was divided into Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province. But jiangnan province includes not only parts of the south of the Yangtze River, but also large areas north of the Yangtze River (Huaibei and Subei).

Emperor Taizong established Jiangnan Road, covering the whole middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, south of the Yangtze River and Guizhou and Fujian. Tang Xuanzong subdivided Jiangnan Road into Jiangnan East Road, Jiangnan West Road and Guizhou Middle Road. Jiangnan was divided into eastern Jiangnan and western Jiangnan in ancient times. Jiangnan West Road and Jiangnan West Road were established in the Tang and Song Dynasties, covering Jiangxi, Hunan and southern Hubei in the west of the Yangtze River, and originally belonged to Jiangnan in a broad sense. Later, with the narrow concept of Jiangnan, Jiangnan West Road evolved into today's Jiangxi Province; Jiangdong area is centered on Nanjing, mainly including parts of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui. In the Qing Dynasty, the Governor's Office of Two Rivers was established, which governed Jiangsu Province (including Shanghai), Anhui Province and Jiangxi Province, and the two rivers included Jiangdong and Jiangxi.

Modern Jiangnan

The definition of modern Jiangnan can be divided into two types: broad Jiangnan and narrow Jiangnan.

Jiangnan in a broad sense refers to the whole Jiangnan area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, namely, southern Jiangsu, southern Zhejiang, southern Anhui, southern Jiangxi, southern Hunan and southern Hubei. Some areas in Fujian are sometimes called Jiangnan. The broad definition of Jiangnan begins with Gusi (Jiangnan Road) and is often described in literary works. For example, Du Fu's Random Encounter Li Guinian was written in Changsha. The Jiangnan referred to in the weather forecast is roughly the Jiangnan zone in a broad sense. Three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River (Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Yueyang Tower in Yueyang and Wangtengting Pavilion in Nanchang) are all located in the south of the Yangtze River.

Jiangnan in a narrow sense generally refers to southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang, but the specific scope is not very clear. This concept probably began in the late Tang Dynasty and took shape in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The clearest core area in Jiangnan only includes Suzhou, Hangzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou and other cities around Taihu Lake. Nanjing is also located in the core area of the south of the Yangtze River. However, due to the changes of the times, the language of Nanjing has gradually become Jianghuai Mandarin (Jiangbei dialect), so the recognition of Nanjing in Wuyu District is not high. Shanghai's administrative history is relatively short, but because of its important economic status, it has basically been included in the modern concept of "Little Jiangnan".

However, it is not the Yangtze River basin, and it is considered to be some areas south of Taihu Lake or even south of Qiantang River, such as Shaoxing and Ningbo. Some areas north of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, such as Yangzhou, are located in the north of the Yangtze River, but their economy and culture are similar to those of Jiangnan, and sometimes they are regarded as a part of Jiangnan in the cultural sense. Similarly, because of Jiangbei dialect, the narrow sense of Jiangnan does not necessarily include Yangzhou and Zhenjiang.

Because it is not only Jiangnan in a narrow sense, but also Jiangnan in a broad sense often appears and praises in historical documents. For example, the three famous buildings in Jiangnan have famous inscriptions by poets, such as The Story of Yueyang Tower and Preface to Wang Tengting. It is uncertain when the narrow definition of Jiangnan was formed, but it can only be proved that it evolved gradually at the end of Tang Dynasty.

Geography Jiangnan

Literally, Jiangnan geographically refers to the south of the Yangtze River, that is, the whole middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This probably includes three major components: Dongting Lake water system, Poyang Lake water system and Taihu Lake water system.

Meteorologically, Meiyu is the characteristic climate of Jiangnan. In addition to the most distinctive plum rain, spring rain, summer drought, rainy weather and winter cold are the main climate characteristics in Jiangnan area. This range includes not only the south of the Yangtze River and the north of Nanling, but also a large area in Jiangbei from the north of the Yangtze River to the south of Huaihe River. There are many ancient poems describing these climatic characteristics, such as "it rains in the Qingming period, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls".

In terms of geographical concept, there is also the saying of "the hills in the south of the Yangtze River". The hills south of the Yangtze River, north of Nanling Mountain, Wuyi Mountain, west of Tianmu Mountain and east of Guizhou Plateau are the general names of low mountains and hills. Generally located in central and eastern Hunan, most of Jiangxi, southern Anhui and western Zhejiang.