What is the climate type of Beijing?

Beijing’s climate is a warm temperate semi-humid and semi-arid monsoon climate, with hot and rainy summers, cold and dry winters, and short spring and autumn.

1. Precipitation is concentrated and intense.

Beijing is located on the channel of continental dry cold air mass moving southeast. From October to May of the following year, Beijing is almost completely controlled by the dry cold air mass from Siberia. It is only controlled by the ocean for more than three months from June to September. The influence of warm and moist air masses. Therefore, precipitation is mainly concentrated in summer, especially in July and August.

Due to changes such as the growth and decline of warm and wet air masses and dry and cold air masses, and their mutual transference, precipitation varies greatly between years. There is a huge difference in rainfall between wet years and dry years. The difference between the year with the most precipitation (1406.0 mm in 1959) and the year with the least precipitation (242.0 mm in 1869) is 1164.0 mm.

Droughts and floods are frequent. According to the precipitation data of 514 years, drought years and flood years accounted for 65%. Due to the high concentration of precipitation, even in drought years, some low-lying areas are prone to waterlogging.

2. The spatial distribution of precipitation is uneven.

The warm and humid air from the southeast is lifted up by the Yanshan and Taihang Mountains, forming rainy areas on the windward slopes in front of the mountains, while forming less rainy areas on the leeward slopes.

3. The piedmont plain is experiencing significant warming.

Due to the blocking and subsidence warming effect of the cold air from the mountains, the winter temperatures in the Beijing plain area are higher than those in adjacent areas at the same latitude, forming a piedmont warm zone.

4. The wind direction changes significantly from day to day.

The special topography of "Beijing Bay" makes the valley winds obvious in the Beijing area. In the plain areas, the wind is mostly southerly in the afternoon and turns to the northerly at midnight. In places such as Nankou and Gubeikou, wind outlets are formed along mountain valleys with significantly higher wind speeds than in surrounding areas.

5. There are four distinct seasons, with winter being the longest, followed by summer, and spring and autumn being short.

Beijing has frequent cold and warm air movements in spring, with variable temperatures and large diurnal ranges, making it prone to strong winds and dusty weather. Summer is hot and rainy, and is a season prone to convective weather such as thunderstorms, strong winds, and heavy precipitation. ; Autumn is sunny and less rainy, comfortable and pleasant; winter is cold and dry, windy and less snowy.