Tuoba Tao, a hero of the Northern Wei Dynasty: drinking horses and shaking the Yangtze River shocked the world and was finally killed by eunuchs!

When it comes to the monarchs of ethnic minorities, people should be most impressed by Genghis Khan, a proud generation. In fact, before Genghis Khan, there was an equally famous grassland hero. Sima Guang, a historian of the Northern Song Dynasty, once praised this man's achievements: "The prosperity of Zuozhou is not a concern." Zuo Zhou is the costume feature of ancient minorities in China. Sima Guang means that under the leadership of this person, ethnic minorities have enjoyed unprecedented prosperity.

In the words of ancient historians, he "combines youth, Yan, Bao Si, Yu and the destruction of Helian Bobo. In the switch, Hong swallowed Liao Tuan, seized the canal, closed the river on the right, climbed into the minister and crawled away; From Hebei to the desert, we can know that it has; Children and grandchildren have been emperors for more than a hundred years. " In addition, he led hundreds of thousands of cavalry to the north bank of the Yangtze River, becoming the first minority emperor to drink horses from the Yangtze River. This man is Tuoba Tao, the emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

Tuoba Tao, nicknamed Beaver, was born in 408. Grandfather was Tuoba, the founding emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty, his father was Tuoba of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and his mother was Du. After Tuoba Tao was born, he was handsome and his grandson, so he was deeply loved by Tuoba GUI. He once said, "If you become a businessman, you must have this son." In 409, Tuoba Tao's father Tuoba Si succeeded to the throne. In April 422, Tuoba Tao was made King of Taiping, and in May he was appointed Minister of State Supervision. After that, Tuoba Sicheng became ill, and 15-year-old Prime Minister Tuoba Tao was in office.

In 423 1 1, TaBaSi died of illness, and TaBaTao succeeded to the throne and became the third emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty. At this time, the Northern Wei Dynasty was not peaceful. In addition to the separatist regimes of Daxia, Beiyan and Beiliang, there are powerful Liu and Song regimes in the south, while the north is soft. Although Tuoba Tao was still a teenager of 16 years old at this time, his life was doomed to be extraordinary.

In the second year of Tuoba Tao's accession to the throne, Rouran 60,000 cavalry marched into Yunzhong County, killing and plundering officials and people. Tuoba Tao is very clear about the situation at that time. He first sent envoys to make friends with the Liu Song regime, then reorganized the army and led 50,000 cavalry to crusade. Brave Barto is good at commanding. Every time he fights, he makes an arrow stone, which looks as if he is smiling. Finally, the northern Wei army broke the soft cavalry.

Just as Tuoba Tao was actively preparing for the war and preparing to continue the offensive against Rouran, a new opportunity came. In 425, the famous Helian Bobo, the founder of Xia Dynasty, died of illness, and his son Helian Bobo ascended the throne. Tuoba Tao immediately marched westward, advancing 30,000 Qingqi to attack the summer. Helian Bobo is no match for TaBaTao. The Northern Wei army captured Helian Chang and breached Tongyan City.

When TaBaTao attacked Rouran in the north, it was the summer of the Western Expedition. Song Wendi and Liu Yilong launched the Northern Expedition in Liu and Song Dynasties. In order to avoid being caught between Scylla and Charybdis, Tuoba GUI ignored Liu Yilong's provocation, but deployed troops in the border areas to defend with all his might. He still focuses on the softness of the north. During the 25 years from 424 to 449, Tuoba Tao led his troops to attack Rouran 13 times, expanding the territory for more than a thousand miles, and finally made Rouran "dare not flee to the north, dare not return to the south" and "stop the police at the frontier". Tuo Ba-tao recorded his achievements in Monon Xerox.

In 433, the Northern Wei Dynasty destroyed the country established by Yang, a Miao nationality in Longxi. In 436, the northern Wei army conquered the capital and dragon of Beiyan, and Beiyan perished; In 439, Tuoba Tao personally marched to Beiliang, and the monarch, Qu Muyu, was trapped inside and outside, leading the civil and military officials to surrender, and Beiliang perished. Tuoba Tao conquered all directions and unified the north, completely ending the turbulent situation of sixteen countries.

In 447, during the period of pacifying the Gaiwu Uprising, Tuoba Tao got two jade seals in the Yecheng Pagoda, which read "I am destined to live forever". Later, it was discovered that weapons were hidden in the temple, so Tuoba Tao wrote a letter to destroy the Buddha. This is also the first time in the history of China to destroy the Buddha. Since then, Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty and Zhou Shizong have also launched a campaign to destroy the Buddha.

During the Gaiwu Uprising, the Liu Song regime in the south colluded with Gaiwu. In February 450, Tuoba Tao led a 654.38+ 10,000-strong army to the south and besieged Hangjiang. In the Song Dynasty, Chen Xian led a garrison of less than 1,000 people to fight tenaciously. The northern Wei army was besieged for more than 40 days and could not break the city. Liu Song sent reinforcements to help soldiers, and TaBaTao withdrew from the north. After the withdrawal of troops from the Northern Wei Dynasty, Song Wendi decided to immediately launch a large-scale Northern Expedition, mobilizing more than 200,000 troops and dividing them into three ways. Song Jun besieged the slipway for nearly three months, but found nothing. In June of 10, the weather turned cold, and Tuoba Tao led the army to help. When General Wang of the Song Dynasty saw that the Northern Wei army was approaching, he panicked, abandoned the army and fled, resulting in a fiasco.

Wei Jun won the first battle, and TaBaTao ordered the troops to be divided into five roads and marched south. The northern Wei army was in full swing all the way. "The cities we pass by are all looking forward to the dust settling, and there are countless losers." 45 1 On the first day of the first month, the 5th Army arrived at the north bank of the Yangtze River on the same day. Barto built a palace on Guabu Mountain, and all the ministers took part in the construction. At this time, the northern Wei army had no conditions to cross the river at all, and drinking horses along the Yangtze River was more of a threat and a show-off. On the second day of the first month, Tuoba Tao plundered more than 50,000 households, burned the Lushe Society and retreated to the north.

It can be said that Tuoba Tao's southern expedition destroyed Yuanjia's rule, but he lost his son in suspicion and his life in the power struggle. In his later years, Tuoba Tao became grumpy and often killed ministers, but he often regretted it after killing people. At the instigation of the eunuch's love, Tuoba Tao forced his son, Crown Prince Tuoba, to death. Afterwards, Tuoba Tao found that the prince had died unjustly and regretted it very much. But when Zong Ai saw this, he was afraid of being killed by the emperor, so he started first.

In March 452, the eunuch Zong Ai murdered Tuoba Tao, then 45 years old. Later, Zong Ai ordered Empress Jiao to kill Tuoba, the king of Dongping, and meet Tuoba, the king of Nan 'an. Because TaBaYu wanted to regain the imperial power, he was killed by Zong Ai. Zong Ai killed two emperors in succession, causing shock in the ruling and opposition parties. Courtiers jointly staged a coup, killed Zong Ai, and ushered in the grandson of Emperor Tuoba Tao and the eldest son of Emperor Tuoba Gui of Mu Jing. Since then, the Northern Wei court has gradually stepped onto the formal.

Wei Shou, the author of Wei Shu, once commented on Tuoba Tao: "The ancestors were smart and decisive, standing tall and majestic. With the help of the second generation, they struggled to conquer, so they attacked on all sides to deal with the danger. Sweep 10,000, level Qin Long, enter the Three Seas, swing to the source of the river, go to Nandan, go to the north, set four tables and outline, and mix a Hua Rong, which is also a great achievement. Therefore, if you have Wei Zhi's career and a hundred kings, isn't God's wisdom and economy very important to the world? "