The cold wave of "Overlord" is heading south rapidly! Why does the skin get goose bumps after feeling cold?

Goose bumps when cold are actually a self-protection function of the human body. The temperature changes from high temperature to low temperature. When the outside temperature is low and the human body temperature is low, the body temperature will transfer heat to the outside. At this time, goose bumps are actually formed by the contraction of pores on the body surface. The function is to reduce the transmission of human heat to the atmosphere, maintain human body temperature and protect the normal operation of various functions of the body.

Skin protects the human surface. It has heat dissipation and heat preservation functions. When the outside temperature is too high, the pores will open and emit excess heat. When the outside temperature drops, the vertical hair muscles in the skin will shrink our pores and play a role in heat preservation, so that the body temperature will not emit too much, thus keeping the body temperature at a constant temperature of 36 points and several degrees.

This is everyone's experience. When the weather is cold and your clothes are not warm enough, you will not only feel cold, but also tremble all over. And there will be a layer of goose bumps on the skin. This is because human skin can not only protect our internal organs and excrete sweat, but also regulate and maintain body temperature. When the skin is stimulated by cold, the sensory cells under the skin will immediately notify the brain, which will make people feel cold, and at the same time, it will also make the vertical hair muscles under the hair contract and make the hair stand up. At this time, the skin surface becomes very tight, forming a protective wall to prevent heat loss in the body. When the vertical hair muscle contracts, it will pull the hair roots, so the hair will stand upright.

If you want to straighten your hair, you will bring a piece of skin, so you will form a small pimple, which looks like hairless chicken skin, so it is called goose bumps. Goose bumps are a manifestation of skin's self-defense function. It reminds people to "keep warm and beware of catching cold". At this time, you should take warm measures immediately to avoid catching a cold. People not only get goose bumps when they are cold, but also get goose bumps when they hear harsh sounds and see disgusting and horrible things. Chicken nuggets have obvious self-protection function for animals covered with hair. These animals will stand up when it is cold, which makes their fur fluffy, thus keeping them warm from the cold. Australopithecus, the ancestor of mankind, was also covered with hair. In the process of evolution, human hair gradually degenerated, but the physiological function of goose bumps to keep out the cold remained.

Our skin has many special functions. Skin is wrapped in the outermost layer of the human body, just like a barrier, which can protect the internal organs of the body from various external injuries. Skin can not only accept cold, heat, pressure, itching and other stimuli, so that our body can respond appropriately in time, but also the ocean has the ability to regulate body temperature. When we feel cold, low temperature will stimulate the cold receptors in the skin, so they will get excited immediately and notify the brain. The brain commands the blood vessels in the skin to contract, so as to reduce the blood flow and heat dissipation in the skin layer, and at the same time commands the hairy muscles in the skin to contract, so as to make the hair stand up, so small pimples, namely goose bumps, appear on the contracted skin. Hair stands up, forming a protective layer on the body surface, retaining warm air and reducing body temperature loss.