Mud bay weather

Xishuangbanna gives people the first impression that it is full of mountains and green. Flowers bloom all year round, and fruits abound all year round. Trees don't shed their leaves in autumn and winter. Only when the dry season and rainy season alternate, a few trees change their leaves in batches. The second feeling is that the climate is mild and there is no trace of "winter". A climatologist once divided spring, summer, autumn and winter into winter when the monthly average temperature is lower than 10℃, summer when the monthly average temperature is higher than 22℃, and spring and autumn when the monthly average temperature is between 10℃-22℃. The average monthly temperature in the low altitude area of Xishuangbanna is about 65438 05℃. Therefore, Xishuangbanna is known as "a paradise without winter". From February to February, 65438, it was the time when the northern part of the motherland was "frozen for thousands of miles, and the snow drifted in Wan Li". In Xishuangbanna, people were still swimming and fishing for moss in the Lancang River!

Judging from the topographical environment, Xishuangbanna is adjacent to the Qinghai-Tibet commercial plain in the north and the intersection of the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean at the end of the Hengduan Mountains in the south. Winter and summer are controlled by different land and sea air masses, forming a superior environment unmatched by other regions at the same latitude. The Himalayan movement formed a horseshoe-shaped terrain with a gap centered on the Lancang River, which descended from north to south and from three wings on both sides to the center. The whole state was high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The highest peak is Huazhuliangzi in Menghai County, with an altitude of 2429.7 meters, and the lowest point is at the intersection of Lancang River and Nanla River, with an altitude of 477 meters, with a relative height difference of 1952.7 meters. This makes Xishuangbanna a cold plateau basin that is easy to enter and difficult to get out, and there is no typhoon raging, which constitutes a unique subtropical environmental condition.

From the latitude position, Xishuangbanna belongs to the direct sunlight area, with large incident angle, strong solar radiation and high temperature. It belongs to subtropical high pressure area and northeast trade wind control area, so it is warm all year round, with long summer and no winter. From April to the end of 65438+ 10, the temperature is above 22℃, and from 165438+ 10 to March of the following year is the spring and autumn season, with the temperature ranging from 13℃ to 12℃ and the annual average temperature/kloc-0. The extreme maximum temperature is 4 1℃, the extreme minimum temperature is -4.5℃, and the annual temperature difference is about 10℃, but the daily temperature difference is about 18℃ ... The annual sunshine hours are 65,438+0,700-2,300 hours, and the annual average radiation in the whole state is 65,000.

Xishuangbanna gives people the third feeling: high humidity. The annual rainfall in Xishuangbanna is between 1200mm- 1900mm, and the annual average relative humidity is between 82-85%. Xishuangbanna is located in the tropical area south of the Tropic of Cancer, which belongs to the climatological two-season zone, with tropical monsoon climate in the northern margin and subtropical monsoon humid climate in the mountainous area. It is warm, sunny, rich in heat, humid and rainy all year round, with the characteristics of "long summer without winter and rainy autumn".

In winter, the westerly wind in the northern hemisphere moves southward. Due to the blocking effect of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Hengduan Mountain and its tail slightly Ailao Mountain and Wuliang Mountain, the hot and humid ocean air flows northward from Beibu Gulf and Bay of Bengal, and is guided by the Lancang River system, and the warm and humid air mass goes deep into the northern inland of this area along the river valley, forming a unique tropical humid area and bringing abundant rain. Therefore, compared with the eastern part of the same latitude in winter, the influence of cold wave is weak; Compared with the western region at the same latitude, there is more rain in summer and it is not affected by typhoons.

Xishuangbanna can be divided into dry season and rainy season according to rainfall. From May to June of 5438+00, influenced by the southwest monsoon of the Indian Ocean and the southeast monsoon of the Pacific Ocean, the airflow was deep and stable, the precipitation was frequently concentrated, and the weather was gloomy and rainy, warm and humid. This period is the rainy season, and the precipitation accounts for more than 80% of the annual precipitation. In wet season, there is less sunshine, low wind speed, more clouds and rain, high temperature, blink of an eye in showers and high humidity. Sometimes even within one or two square kilometers, it is rainy in the east and sunny in the west; Sometimes the sun is shining and it will rain heavily when it is foggy. 165438+ 10-April of the following year, for seven consecutive months, the south branch of the west wind led the dry and warm air flow from deserts or mainland areas such as Iran, Pakistan and northern Indian Peninsula, with clear and rainy weather and pleasant temperature. This period is a dry season. Although there is little rain and strong light, the fog in Xishuangbanna is thick and heavy. The fog here rises at night and will not dissipate until noon the next day, and the concentration of fog dew is much higher than that of Chongqing, the "foggy capital", which not only increases the temperature in cold days, but also makes up for the lack of precipitation in dry seasons.

The tropical climate in this area covers an area of 3,452 square kilometers, and it is the largest terrestrial hot zone in China. Due to the influence of topography, the vertical changes in all parts of the state are great, and the three-dimensional climate is remarkable, forming a rich microclimate habitat. It provides good conditions for the growth of tropical and subtropical plants and crops.