The original text of Tianmu Mountain in Dream

A tourist who sails will say Japan, where the water and fog are hidden outside the method, but the Vietnamese say that the mother mountain in the sky, the clouds disappear or are visible. On a straight line leading to heaven, its peak enters heaven, topped with five sacred peaks, and casts a shadow across China. The roof is 18000 feet, and at this point, it begins to turn southeast.

My heart and my dream are in Wu Heyue. They cross Jinghu Lake on a moonlit night. The moon lit up my shadow and I came to Yanhe. Xie Gong is outside today, and the monkey is singing clearly on the blue waves. I wore Xie's earliest spiked shoes and climbed the Qingyun ladder. Halfway through the sunny ocean, the sacred rooster crows in space. Thousands of turns, flowers lure me, stones slow me down. The day suddenly ended. Bears, dragons and storms on mountains and rivers disturb forests and shake mountains. Clouds are darkened by rain, and streams are pale by fog. God of thunder and lightning, landslides in hills, caves, stone gates and sinkholes. An impenetrable shadow, but now the sun and the moon illuminate a golden and silver terrace. Wearing rainbow clothes and riding the wind, all the queens of the clouds came and came down one by one. With the tiger as the harp and the phoenix as the dancer, the images of fairies are arranged in rows. I move, my soul flies, and I wake up with a long sigh. My pillow and mat are the lost clouds in which I once lived.

This is the consistent way of human happiness, and all kinds of things will always flow to the east like water. So I'm leaving you. I don't know how long it will take. But let me raise a white deer on my green hillside and ride to you when I need you, Dashan. Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those people with high status and important positions? They never want to be seen with a sincere face. Appreciation of Works The first few sentences of this poem are the reasons for writing dreams. The poet said: it is really hard to find the vast sea when people returning from the sea talk about Yingzhou; The Yue people talk about Tianmu Mountain, which is hidden in the clouds and may still be visible. Yingzhou is a sacred mountain. According to ancient legend in China, there are three sacred mountains in the East China Sea, one is Penglai, the other is the abbot and the other is Yingzhou. Yue was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang province. "Faith" is regarded as "truth" here.

First of all, "a tourist who sails will talk about Japan, where the water and fog are hidden in inaccessible places", which is a foil, which makes this poem have magical color from the beginning; Let's start by saying, "But the more people talk about the mother mountain, the deeper the clouds are." Let's get to the point. The height of Tianmu Mountain is described as follows: "On a straight line leading to heaven, its peak enters heaven, with five sacred peaks on top, casting a shadow across China. The roof is 18000 feet high, and at this point, it begins to turn to the southeast. " The poet first compared Tianmu Mountain to the sky, only to see the mountain lying in the clouds for a long time, as if connected with the sky. Compared with other mountains, Tianmu Mountain not only surpasses the Five Mountains, which is famous for its precipitousness, but also surpasses Chicheng nearby. "Five Mountains" refers to the five famous mountains in China, namely Taishan, Huashan, Hengshan, Songshan and Hengshan. "Chicheng", the name of a mountain, Zhejiang Tianbei is now called Chicheng, because there are many red stones on the mountain, which looks like a red city from a distance. Then the poet wrote from another angle, focusing on Tiantai Mountain, saying that Tiantai Mountain in the south of Tianmu Mountain is very high, but it is too small to collapse in front of Tianmu Mountain. The "18,000-foot rooftop" here only means that Tiantai Mountain is very high, not that it is actually 18,000 feet.

Here, the poet did not directly tell us how high Tianmu Mountain is, but used the method of contrast and contrast to write the towering appearance incisively and vividly, as if the towering Tianmu Mountain was in front of our eyes, arousing our fantasies and following the poet step by step to the dreamland.

From the phrase "My heart and my dream are in Wu and Yue", the poet fell asleep. From here to "the lost cloud where I am", I wrote a dream, which is the main part of the whole poem.

The poet dreamed that he flew over Jinghu Lake overnight and then flew to Tunxi in the moonlight of the lake. He saw that the place where Xie Gong stayed was still there, where the water rippled, monkeys crowed and the scenery was very elegant. "Xie Gong" refers to Xie Lingyun, a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Xie Lingyun likes to visit mountains and is famous for writing landscape poems. He has been to almost all the famous mountains in Zhejiang. When Xie Lingyun climbed Mount Tianmu, he stayed in Tunxi, leaving the poem "Stay overnight in Tianmu Cen".

Then, Li Bai wrote: "I put on Xie's earliest spiked shoes and boarded the Qingyun ladder." Halfway through the sunny ocean, the sacred rooster crows in space. " The "shoes" here refer to a kind of wooden shoes specially made by Xie Lingyun for mountain climbing. The sole has wooden teeth. Pull out the front teeth when going up the mountain and the back teeth when going down the mountain, which makes it easier to walk. "Tianji" is a kind of magic chicken in ancient legends. It is said that it lives in a big tree on the top of Du Tao Mountain in the East China Sea of China. As soon as the cock crows, all the chickens crow. The poet said: He climbed the stone steps of Tianmu Mountain in Xie Lingyun's special clogs. Standing on the top of the mountain, I saw the East China Sea red sun spewing out halfway up the mountain and heard the pheasant crow in the air. In this way, from flying over Jinghu Lake to climbing the top of Tianmu Mountain, the scenery changed step by step, the dream unfolded step by step, and the color of fantasy became stronger step by step, which triggered the climax of fantasy. In front of us, a dreamy and strange fairy tale world unfolds: "There are mountains and peaks, and there is no way to go. Flowers seduce me and stones comfort me. The day suddenly ended. Bears, dragons and storms on mountains and rivers disturb forests and shake mountains. Clouds are dark because of rain, and streams are light because of fog. " These words mean that the road is winding and there is no certain direction between thousands of rocks. Leaning against the rock, intoxicated with colorful mountain flowers, suddenly it was dark. Bears are growling, dragons are roaring, and rocks, springs, deep forests and peaks are shaking. Great changes have taken place in the weather. The blue sky looks like rain, and smoke rises from the foggy water. It is very colorful. The syntax of Chu Ci is adopted here, which not only changes the rhythm, but also reminds readers of the style of Chu Ci and adds romanticism.

Suddenly, the scene changed again: before my eyes, the thunder thundered, the mountains split, and with a bang, the stone door leading to the fairy cave house opened, and in the endless blue and transparent sky, there appeared a gold and silver pavilion illuminated by the sun and the moon. Look: "God of thunder and lightning, the hills are crumbling. Cave stone gate, drain in tiankeng. An impenetrable shadow, but now the sun and the moon illuminate the gold and silver terrace. " Here, the author used four four-word phrases in succession, "God of thunder and lightning, the hills collapsed. Venting in the sinkhole ",the uneven rhythm, vigorous and powerful, fully wrote the majestic momentum when Tianmen opened." "Legqog" is lightning.

Before the Tianmen was opened, the poet tried his best to describe the hazy colors and earth-shattering sounds, but after the Tianmen was opened, the scene was magnificent. In this way, the former played a role of contrast with the latter, and formed a wave from low to high in the momentum of poetry. Rendered a magical background for the appearance of the gods.

At this time, the fairy appeared: "All the queens of the clouds, dressed in rainbow clothes, rode the wind and came down one by one." With the tiger as the harp and the phoenix as the dancer, row after row, like hemp, is arranged with the image of a fairy. " Many immortals came out one after another, dressed in rainbow clothes, riding the wind like a horse, roaring like nature, and couples pulling carts. The dream is written here, reaching the highest point. The poet's fantasy is really like a "unconstrained style", running freely and arbitrarily.

Reading these charming poems is like enjoying a colorful and unpredictable fairy tale movie. It is so charming and charming. It makes people crazy, as if they were in the fairy world.

However, this dream didn't last long: "I moved, my soul flew, and I woke up with a long sigh." A pillow just for sleeping is my lost cloud. " I woke up with a sigh and the pillow was still there. Where were the smoke and clouds just now? The poem suddenly stopped at the highest point of the dream and turned sharply, turning from fantasy to reality, as if the music had changed from treble to bass, which calmed the listener's mood. When reading poems, especially ancient poems, we should pay attention to the ups and downs of the whole article.

The poet's depression and disappointment after waking up leads to the last paragraph. This passage turns from dream writing to realism, revealing the central meaning of the whole poem. This poem is used to leave something else to tell friends who stayed in eastern Shandong why they want to go to Tianmu Mountain to invite immortals to visit Taoism. This passage is the theme of the whole poem. In several short poems, it shows the contradiction in the poet's heart and shows the poet's strong emotional generation. He believes that just like this kind of sleepwalking, the pleasure in the world is always extremely sad, and everything in ancient times is always fleeting like running water. It's better to ride a white deer to the famous mountain to seek immortality. This sad mood and escapist attitude towards life show the negative side of Li Bai's thought. It is understandable that intellectuals belonging to the feudal ruling class in feudal society took a negative attitude towards life when they suffered political setbacks. However, when we evaluate the ideas expressed in Li Bai's poem, we should not only see this side, but also see the other side, a more powerful side. In Li Bai's thought, "impermanence of life" is not submission to life, nor collusion with powerful people, but contempt and resistance to the upper rulers. His pursuit of immortality is not to satisfy endless greed like Qin Shihuang and Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty, but to express his contempt and intransigence for dignitaries in a way far from reality, as the poem sums up: "Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those high-ranking officials who will never show their sincere faces!" How can I bow my head to serve those powerful people, making me unhappy all day! It can be seen that the poet's thought is tortuous and complicated, but its main aspect is positive and full of rebellious spirit.

Let's briefly talk about the artistic style of this poem.

Li Bai is an outstanding representative of romanticism among ancient poets in China. This poem is full of romanticism in conception and expression. It completely broke through the stereotype of farewell poems, but used farewell to show its political attitude of not serving the powerful. In the narrative, it did not take a straightforward way, but was conceived around a dream of wandering immortals, until finally it fell on the theme of not serving the powerful. This idea opened up a vast world for the poet's fantasy gallop. Based on this idea, we boldly use exaggerated methods to describe the imaginary world and shape the imaginary image. In this respect, the poet showed extraordinary talent. He wrote about bears and dragons, thunder and lightning, castles in the air and horses in neon clothes ... and made the fantasy scene vivid, dazzling and thrilling. Du Fu said that Li Bai's "pen falls, the wind and rain shake, and poetry makes him cry" is a very apt comment. It should also be noted that the author does not write fantasy for the purpose of writing fantasy, but for the purpose of "not serving the powerful". He wrote that the beauty of fairy tale world contrasts with the ugliness of real world; Writing that you are bent on traveling to fairyland is to express your hatred for the real world, but you don't want to go along with the powerful. The theme of not serving the powerful is like a spotlight, which illuminates the whole poem, and the fantasy comes to life under this beacon, otherwise, even if it is squandered a hundred times, it will release the brilliance of not being dispatched.

This poem is an ancient poem with seven words. Seven-character ancient poetry is an old-style poem, which was formed before the Tang Dynasty. By the Tang Dynasty, both ideological content and artistic form had been fully developed. This poetic style is mainly composed of seven words, and long sentences or short sentences can also be used. Use rhyme, rhyme to the end, or change rhyme in the middle. There is no limit to the number of sentences, and the length can be long or short, which is one of the old-style poems that is less subject to metrical constraints. Li Bai is very good at writing seven-character ancient poems. This is probably due to the smooth and natural characteristics of this poem, which is more suitable for expressing his bold and unrestrained thoughts and feelings. As far as this poem is concerned, the syntactic changes are very creative. Although it is mainly composed of seven words, it also uses four words, five words, six words and nine words alternately. This flexible and diverse syntax used in a poem does not feel like a struggle, but is seamless and very harmonious. This is because the whole poem runs through a main line of emotional development. With the ups and downs of feelings, poems are long and short, and the beat is urgent and slow. Some people say that Li Bai's poems are "ever-changing, like pearls, never exceeding the law", which is very appropriate. (Liu) According to

This poem is full of romanticism in conception and expression. In order to express his attitude of not being powerful by saying goodbye, the poet conceived a dreamland and created vivid images in his dream, which easily reminded people of the style of Chu Ci and aggravated the romanticism of the poem. It is almost seamless to contrast these with the ugly reality at that time and return to the theme of not dealing with powerful people. This fantastic idea is to use metaphor, contrast, contrast, exaggeration, association and other methods to write things in fantasy vividly and thrilling. No wonder Du Fu commented that this poem was "the pen fell and the wind and rain shook, and the poem made the gods cry".