Zhenjiang Spring Festival weather

"A berth under the Beibao Mountain" is a famous work that has been told for generations, among which "The embankment widens until the ebb tide, and there is no wind blowing my solitary sail" and "The embankment widens until the ebb tide" ... "Night now gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in the clear spring" are highly praised famous sentences. This poem depicts the Jiangnan scenery with green mountains and green waters and flat tides and broad shores that the poet saw when he was parked at the foot of Gubei Mountain. However, with the approach of the Spring Festival, the geese overhead sighed, "My emissary can finally be sent". The whole poem is full of beautiful artistic conception and mixed scenes, which expresses the poet's deep homesickness when he lives abroad.

Title: A berth under the North Fort Mountain Author: Wang Wan Category: Five-character Rhyme Creation Year: Tang Dynasty

original work

Wang Wan, the next berth of Beibao Mountain.

Under the blue mountain, my boat and I meandered along the green water.

Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail.

... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness.

Finally, I can send my messenger, Wild Goose, back to Luoyang.

Annotation translation

This poem is selected from the whole Tang Dynasty.

1. Time: This means stopping.

2. Beigushan: In the north of Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, it is surrounded by the Yangtze River on three sides.

3. Guest Road: Journey.

4. Until the bank at low tide widens: the tide rises and the water surface between the two banks widens.

5. the wind is positive: downwind.

6. hanging: hanging.

7. Sea Day: The rising sun at sea.

8. Dead night: The night is dead, which means the dawn will break. At the end of the night.

9. Returning to the wild goose: Wild geese fly to the south every autumn and to the north in spring. In ancient times, geese were used to deliver letters.

10. Castle Peak: refers to Beigushan Mountain.

1 1. Home letter: home letter. The journey is beyond the green hills, and the boat follows a blue river.

The tide is high, and the water between the two banks is wide, so sail before the wind just hangs the sail high.

When the last night has not subsided, the new sun has risen from the sea, the old year has not passed, and the river has shown spring.

I don't know when the letter from home will arrive. I hope the geese returning from the north will take it to Luoyang.

Analysis of famous sentences

The old year melts in the freshness, ... The night now gives way to the ocean of the sun.

Commenting on these two poems in his Outlaws of the Marsh and Yue, Tang said: "Since the poet, this sentence is rare. Zhang (Zhang said) wrote the title of the town hall and showed his ability every time, making it a model. " It's a pity that Yin didn't explain to people what Zhang said, but two points are worth noting: first, these two poems were written in calligraphy by him, and second, "each showed his abilities and wrote in style".

Good writing is all about the accuracy of words. For example, the words "Sheng" and "Ru" here not only make this couplet stable, but also link two unrelated things, namely "Sea Sun" and "Remnant Night" and "Jiang Chun" and "Old Year", which are also vivid. The sun rises a little from the dark sea, like a child leaving his mother's abdomen. The word "life" is really vivid. The sun has just risen, and the earth is still basically in darkness, but the night has been torn and the word "residual" has written an irresistible disappearance. Night is passive, but it is also helpless. It gave birth to the sun, but it faded because of the sun! The word "Jin" is more vivid. Although Jiangnan is still the winter of the old year, spring has painted a layer of spring scenery on the willows along the river. This word "such as" is very impolite, almost wedged, and it is a new spirit. The willow color is close to the author's boat, so it can be seen, and the word "Jiang" should be defined before "Spring", which also points out the environment and scene of "the next berth on Beibao Mountain". These words are concise and measured. Because he not only wrote the scenes of his old age and his old age, but also wrote the specific visual gap at this time, which is vivid and vivid. The old year refused to recede, but finally could not stop the power of new life; However, freshmen seem to be wedged in whether you like it or not. The word "Confucianism" does have an irresistible trend. Zhang said that he is good at supporting backwardness and is determined to reform, which is probably related to his appreciation of old and new poems. This may be the reason why he said the government affairs hall.

works appreciation

There is no intention of reasoning in the poem "A berth under the North Fort Mountain", but in the description of scenery and festivals, there is a natural and interesting poem: ... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness.

Writing characteristics

Love is in the realm, and reason is in the realm.

This is a poem with five rhymes, which was praised by Hu Yinglin in the Ming Dynasty as "describing the scenery, which is unique throughout the ages". The time sequence alternates in a hurry. How can this not make the poet in the "guest road" homesick? In poetry, personification is used to "live" and "enter". What makes sense is the characters. But it contains the rational interest in describing the scenery. The sea was born in the dead of night to drive away the darkness, and the scenery on the river shows the "spring" to drive away the old winter, which contains the natural law of time series change and the alternation of the old and the new, shows the universal philosophy of life and gives people optimistic and positive power.

Thematic induction

In the poem, the poet uses the scenery to express his feelings, describes in detail the open and beautiful early spring scenery in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, expresses the poet's love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland, reveals his sincere homesickness, and also expresses his thoughts and feelings of missing his relatives in his hometown. This is an exile poem.

Appreciate in detail

The poem begins with a dialogue, which is both beautiful and detached. "Hakka Road" refers to the way the author wants to go. "Castle Peak" refers to "Beigushan". By boat, the author is walking towards the "green water" in front of him, towards the "green hill" and towards the distant "guest road" outside the "green hill". This couplet writes "Guest Road" first, and then "Boating". It is rare that he travels all over the south of the Yangtze River and the hometown of Shenchi. If you sail in the Three Gorges, even if it is calm, it will still be surging, and it is rare for a quiet little scene to appear. The beauty of this poem lies in that through the small scene of "stirring a lonely sail without wind", it also shows the big scenes of Ye Ping's opening, great rivers and calm waters.

When you watch the third part, you will know that the author will sail at the end of the year. The tide is flat without waves, smooth but not fierce. At close range, the river is green, while at a distance, the banks are open. This is obviously a mysterious night, revealing the breath of spring everywhere. A person sails slowly and feels that it has reached the end of the night. These triple, is the performance of rowing on the river, is about to dawn.

This couplet has always been very popular, saying, "... the night now gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness", which is rare among poets. Zhang (Zhang) wrote the title of "Government Affairs Hall", and every time he showed his ability and made it a model. "("He Ling Ji ") Hu Yinglin in the Ming Dynasty said in the poem" Internal Compilation "that the couplet" Hai Ri ""describes the scenery, which is amazing through the ages ". When the night has not subsided, a red sun has risen from the sea; The old year has not passed, and the river has shown spring. "Day after day" and "spring into the old year" both indicate the alternation of time series, and they are in such a hurry. How can this not make the poet in the "guest road" homesick? These two sentences are also very kung fu. The author regards "the sun" and "spring" as symbols of new beautiful things from the perspective of refinement, emphasizes them by mentioning the position of the subject, personifies them with words such as "life" and "ru", and endows them with human will and emotion. The beauty is that the author has no intention of reasoning, but he has a natural interest in reasoning when describing landscapes and festivals. The sea is born in the dead of night, which will drive away the darkness; Jiang Chun, the "spring" of river scenery, will break into the old year and drive away the severe winter. It not only depicts the scene truly and accurately, but also shows the universal truth of life, giving people optimistic, positive and upward artistic inspiration. This sentence is similar to "Qian Fan on the edge of a sunken ship, Wan Muchun in front of a sick tree".

The sea is rising, and spring is budding. The poet puts the boat on the green water and continues to sail to the guest road outside Qingshan. At this time, a flock of geese returning to the north are walking through the clear sky. The geese are about to pass through Luoyang! The poet remembered the story of "The Goose Feet Pass the Book", so I'd better send a message to the Goose: Geese, please give my regards to your family when you fly over Luoyang. These two sentences are closely linked, and the whole article is shrouded in a faint homesickness.

The poet came to the foot of Gubei Mountain by boat and saw the magnificent scenery of green mountains and green waters. The night will pass and the rising sun will emerge from the water; Although the season is in the old year, the spring has broken the south of the Yangtze River. Couplets "... the night now gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness" describe the scenery in the alternation of time series, suggesting the passage of time and containing natural interest.

This poem is about the spring scenery on both sides of the strait when the author went boating at the foot of Beishan Mountain in late winter and early spring. Write overlapping green hills, winding paths, rippling blue waves and canoes first. "Until the bank at low tide widens, there is no wind to stir my lonely sail" depicts the magnificence and heroism of the poets in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. "..." Tonight gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in the clear spring "is a well-known sentence, which depicts the scene and joy in the process of alternating day and night in winter and spring, thus arousing the homesickness of the last sentence and expressing the author's yearning for the hometown of returning geese. Spring and homesickness blend harmoniously.

In a word, this poem describes the poet's homesickness caused by boating eastward, stopping at the foot of Gubei Mountain, seeing the tide flat and the wide shore, and returning to the geese at night, which integrates scenery, lyric and reason. The whole poem is harmonious and beautiful, full of fun. It is a masterpiece of the ages. The next berth on Beibao Mountain was first seen in the Collection of National Xius edited by Rui in Tang Dynasty. When Yin Kun, a native of the Tang Dynasty, was selected into the Lingying Collection in He Yue, there were many different essays on the topic of "Jiangnan Yi": "The south is full of new ideas, and the east is the first day. On both sides of the beach, the wind is hanging. ... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness. I have never observed the weather, but I am biased. " This article is based on a berth at the foot of Beibao Mountain and has been read for a long time.

Wang Wan, a native of Luoyang, spent his whole life "running between". "Beigushan" is in the north of Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, facing the river on three sides. The first two sentences of "Jiangnan Yi" quoted above are "South Man is full of new ideas, and the East is in the early stage." Its "eastbound" should be through Zhenjiang to the south of the Yangtze River. The poet traveled all the way, and when he set sail at a berth at the foot of the Beibao Mountain, the tide was flat and the shore was wide, and the geese returned at night, which triggered feelings in his heart and became a masterpiece through the ages. The poem begins with a dialogue, which is both beautiful and detached. "Hakka Road" refers to the way the author wants to go. "Castle Peak" refers to "Beigushan". By boat, the author is walking towards the "green water" in front of him, towards the "green hill" and towards the distant "guest road" outside the "green hill". This couplet is written "Visiting the Road" first, and then "Sailing". His wandering feelings in Jiangnan and Shenchi's hometown have been revealed between the lines, thinking about the "hometown book" and "returning to geese" at the end of the couplet.

Although the first five laws were known as the third at that time and spread to future generations, there were not only two beautiful sentences; Generally speaking, it is also quite harmonious and beautiful.

Brief introduction of the author

Wang Wan (693 ~75 1) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. No: for virtue. Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan) people. In the congenital period of Xuanzong (7 12 ~ 7 13), he was a scholar and awarded Xingyang County Master Book. In the fifth year of Kaiyuan (7 17), the Tang government sorted out the official collection of books, which took 9 years to complete, with a volume of ***200 volumes, named "Four Records of Group Books". Wang Wan was recommended by Xingyang master book to compile books, and participated in the compilation work of the collection department. After the book was finished, he was awarded the job of Luoyang captain. In the seventeenth year of Kaiyuan, he wrote poems for Xiao Song and Pei Guangting, then prime ministers, and died unfortunately.

Wang Wan's words were written a long time ago. Existing poems 10. One of the most famous is a berth at the foot of Beibao Mountain: "Under the blue mountain, my boat and I meandered along the green water. Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail. ... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness. Finally, I can send my messenger wild goose back to Luoyang. " This poem was selected into the textbooks of Junior One Education Edition, Soviet Education Edition and Beijing Normal University Edition, and was deeply loved by readers. The title of He Yueying Ji Ling is Jiangnan Yi, with slightly different words. This poem was written by Wang Wan when he visited Jiangnan in the year before or in the early years of Kaiyuan. Its majestic style and broad artistic conception indicate the prospect of healthy development of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. It is said that during the Kaiyuan period, Prime Minister Zhang said in the yamen that he had written this poem by himself, saying that "every time he showed his literary talent, he could make it in the form of a letter". In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Yinglin thought that "the night now gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness" in poetry is the symbol that distinguishes the prosperous Tang Dynasty from the early Tang Dynasty and the middle Tang Dynasty (Shi Yu). It can be seen that this poem was widely valued at that time and later generations.

Collect his poem "All Tang Poems". For the deeds, see Biography of Talents in Tang Dynasty.

As a northern poet in the early years of Kaiyuan, Wang Wan traveled in the middle of the century, fascinated by the beautiful landscapes in the south of the Yangtze River, and influenced by the light poetic style of Wuzhong poets at that time, he wrote some works praising the landscapes in the south of the Yangtze River, among which A Stop at the foot of Beibao Mountain is the most famous. In particular, the two sentences "..." Out of the sea of the sun tonight, the old year turned into a clear spring "were highly appreciated by the then Prime Minister Zhang, who personally hung them in the Prime Minister's Hall and became a model for scholars to learn. Therefore, the magnificent images expressed in these two poems had an important influence on the poetic circles in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Until the end of the Tang Dynasty, the poet Zheng Gu said, "Which sea can last forever?" , expressing great admiration.

focus

Couplets "Now Night is the Ocean of the Sun" and "Jiang Chun Like the Old Year" describe the scenery in the alternation of time series, implying time, containing natural interest, giving people optimistic power, and metabolism is a natural law.

Artistic conception of works

The mountains are green and the weather is getting warmer and warmer. My journey with my friends continues. Just as the winter snow melted and the spring breeze warmed us, we passed under the bleak Gubei Mountain. The boat carrying passengers marched on the green river like blue grass, and the boat went smoothly with the blue river.

The snow on the mountain is slowly melting, because the melting water from the front mountain is gathered, the spring tide is rising, the water volume of the Yangtze River is gradually increasing, and the river surface is wider, so sail before the wind just hangs the sail high.

I lifted my eyes and looked east, only to see the sky on the river. A red sun rose slowly from the horizon where the rivers and seas meet in the east, with great momentum. Looking back to the west, I saw that the night on the canopy in the west had not completely faded. What a wonderful sight it is! It has been two years overnight, and the rising red sun in Ran Ran indicates the beginning of a new year. Spring has been unable to resist its own footsteps, quietly crossing the river to the north and entering the old year. It can really be said that "time is like water, time is like black"!

Seeing the "flat tide, hanging sails, sea and sky, Jiang Chun" in front of me, I can't help feeling deeply. A beautiful idea suddenly appeared in my mind: I want to write a letter to my family in Luoyang to let them know how I feel here and now! I just don't know when this beautiful wild goose will fly to Luoyang's home.

teaching program

First, import.

In ancient times, the traffic was underdeveloped, and people who lived or worked abroad could not return for a long time, which naturally led to homesickness, so homesickness became an important theme in poetry. This poem is about homesickness, which is famous for its couplets. "... the night now gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness." The author Wang Wan, whose date of birth and death is unknown, only knows that he is from Luoyang. He was born in the first year (7 12), that is, the year when Du Fu was born. He was a scholar, and later moved between Wu Chu, and finally became an assistant in Luoyang. This poem was written by him during his time in Wu Chu. Beigushan, located in the north of Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, surrounded by rivers on three sides, is a scenic spot.

Second, read, say and ask.

It can be divided into three steps: (1) the teacher speaks literally, and the students recite the whole poem immediately (because of the beautiful artistic conception, simple language and harmonious rhyme, it is estimated that it is easier to recite; (2) Grasp the content of the poem as a whole; (3) analyze the famous sentence "... the night now gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness."

Crosstalk: ① The passenger road refers to the post road, which is the road taken by passengers. Zhenjiang was the hub of land and water transportation at that time, so "guest road" and "boat trip" corresponded. (2) Tidal level means that the tide is flush with the shore, so both sides are wide, which is the scene when the spring tide first rises. (3) The wind is positive, which means that the wind is downwind, so the sail is hung. At the end of the night, the sun rises in the east. Because Zhenjiang is not far from the East China Sea, it is called Haitian. Compared with the New Year, the spring tide on the river has formed before the end of the old year, so it is called "the old year melts into the clear spring". ⑥ Hometown letters refer to letters sent by poets to Luoyang's home; It used to be said that Hongyan could deliver letters, so the poet meant to entrust the book to Dayan. Publisher: Hongyan handed the book, but nothing happened. The Biography of Su Wu in the History of Han Dynasty contains: Su Wu was detained by Xiongnu in 19, and the Han envoy begged Su Wu, and Khan lied that Wu was dead. Later, Han Mi reported that Wu was in a river, so he also lied that Emperor Wu had killed a goose in Shanglinyuan, with Su Wu's letters tied to his feet. Khan had no choice but to return it to Su Wu.

Students practice reciting (omitted)

Grasp the whole. Q: The poet is on the boat at the moment, and the "guest road" is beyond the castle peak and can't be seen. Why does the poem begin with a reference to "guest road"? (This is the poet's imagination. Obviously, after the ship arrives in Zhenjiang, he will go ashore and then go to other places by mail. ) "When and where did the poet see that the banks widened until the tide ebbed, and there was no wind to stir my lonely sails?"? (At dawn, in the Yangtze River where the ship is approaching its destination, that is, Beigushan) Can you imagine the picture of the ship? (Speak freely) Why do you want to specifically mention "tidal flats"? (The next sentence "Jiang Chunren's old year" is Zhang Ben) What time of the year does this "old year" refer to? Why did the poet suddenly think of sending a letter home? As the Chinese New Year is coming, it is the time for family reunion, but he can't go home, so it is natural to write a letter of peace. What's more, when he saw the geese returning to the north, he must pass through Luoyang, which is in the north of Jiangxi. )

Well, now we can sum up the reasons why the poet has a strong homesickness. (omitted)

Analysis of famous sentences. From the perspective of composition, the sentence "Rihai" has the function of leading to the ending, that is, it is related to the poet's homesickness. Does that make sense? Let's talk about the scene written in these two sentences first. Students speak freely according to their imagination. Are there any similarities between the two scenes? (Day and night alternate, old and new years alternate-so day after day, year after year, and the poet is still on the move and can't go home, how can he not miss home? However, this homesickness does not make people feel depressed, such as "but I look at home and the twilight is fading? "Jiang waves with a layer of sad mist, it is more cheerful, isn't it? Be reasonable. The night is not over, but the rising sun has risen; The spring tide on the river has arrived before the old year is over-doesn't it contain new hope? )

Third, summarize.

When we read ancient poems, we should not only seriously understand the poet's original intention, but also be good at discovering new things with our own eyes. For example, the phrase "the sea and the sun" allows us to pursue beautiful things, believing that it will break through all obstacles and appear before our eyes, so that we can "live" to read ancient poems.