General content of northeast folk culture

Festivals: the same as the whole country. We eat jiaozi, set off firecrackers, put up Spring Festival couplets and visit people. I will eat jiaozi after my birthday in the evening.

Diet: Features-Dangdang ~ ~ ~ sauerkraut. This is not available anywhere else. Just buy a lot of cabbage in winter (there are also kohlrabi, but it's not as delicious as cabbage ~), wash it quickly, put it in a jar, sprinkle with salt and seal it. Until about a month. Northeasters like stews. Because it is cold. And ginseng, velvet antler. This is a specialty ~ Northeast cuisine is large in quantity and heavy in taste. There are mushrooms and wild vegetables. Northeasters like to eat noodles and dip raw vegetables in soy sauce. I like jiaozi best. All kinds of fillings. And kill pig dishes. Such as blood sausage. Pig-killing dishes should be cooked with freshly killed pigs.

Life: Use fluorene grass as bedding. It is warm and can be used to keep out moisture. After dinner, the old people like to get together and dance yangko. Also watch duets. "I would rather give up one meal than two people." Northeasters are generous and emotional. Changchun was also rated as "the most humanized city". Let me see what else ... Actually, I'm from Changchun. ...

Diet: I eat stew, like spicy food (influenced by Russian climate, it tastes sour and spicy), and pickles, such as sauerkraut and spicy cabbage (sauerkraut and spicy cabbage are similar to Korean food), which is famous in Northeast jiaozi.

Leisure culture: dancing yangko, performing and watching Errenzhuan, and sketches in the northeast (with the sketches in the south, the sketches in the northeast have become the mainstream in China).

In history, the Northeast Errenzhuan is called Xiaoyangge, Bijueyi, Jumping, also known as Singing Jumping, Sentence Gathering, Mouth Passing, Flat Music, Liu Feng, Haruka, Banban Opera and Northeast Local Opera. It is one of the folk song and dance arts that evolved from the northeast folk and was born and raised in the northeast. Errenzhuan belongs to the folk art of singing while walking, which is popular in Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces and Sanmeng and one city in eastern Inner Mongolia.

Although there are some vulgar words and actions occasionally, the duet still has a high artistic level and ornamental value. Therefore, Wang Chaowen, a famous modern aesthete, commented on Errenzhuan in this way: She looks like a naive, lively, naughty, smart, provocative and even a little wild girl, beautiful and self-respecting, and can also be said to be a thorny rose.

The duet embodies the essence of northeast folk, folk dance and oral literature. It is a popular folk art with strong local color in Northeast China, and has a development history of more than 300 years. It is the most popular folk culture in the cultural life of the people in Northeast China. In Northeast China, people from 70 to 80 years old to children of a few years old can sing a few mouthfuls, such as Sister Wang Sifu, The West Chamber, Pig's wife-in-law, and Couples Turning Little Hats. Singing duet is almost an innate instinct of the Northeast people, and it is a culture passed down from generation to generation in the Northeast. For a long time, it has been deeply loved by people in Northeast China, especially farmers.

The songbook language of Errenzhuan is easy to understand, humorous and full of life flavor. At first, the duet was performed by an artist, who danced yangko during the day and sang northeast folk tunes at night (commonly known as "Xiaoyang"). Later, with the increase of residents and long-term cultural exchanges in different places, the connotation of duet has been greatly enriched. On the basis of the original Northeast Yangko and northeast folk, it has absorbed many artistic forms, such as Lotus Drop, Northeast Drum, Taiping Drum, Bawangbian, Hebei Bangzi, donkey shadow play, folk jokes and so on, and gradually evolved into some other singing forms and folk songs, so the performance forms and vocals are very rich. There is a saying among the people that "I would rather give up a meal than pass it on", which shows the profound influence of "Errenzhuan" among the masses. It can be said that the duet can best reflect the pursuit of artistic beauty by the working people in Northeast China.

Errenzhuan originally originated from field culture. In the past, the cultural life in rural areas in Northeast China was very poor. In a field, a man and a woman can sing a song without any props, and the duet brings joy to the silent mountain village. Those actions, throwing handkerchiefs, turning fans, flirting with each other and singing, are all a kind of venting, a kind of randomness. Northeast China is born strong and used to living by nomadic or fishing and hunting. The bohemian character enables people to talk about sex openly. The winter in the northeast is so long that farmers have to sit on the kang and sharpen their mouths. At this time, "dirty jokes" became their gag. Therefore, before liberation, there were many "meat" and "meat mouths" in Errenzhuan, and the actors spoke freely on the stage, and "meat" and "pink words" flew all over the sky to attract the audience. Some people even say that Errenzhuan is a local original dish of "farm food" and a reflection of northeast folk customs. Errenzhuan can't be called Errenzhuan if it has no sex culture, loses its "coarseness" and "vulgarity", and loses its vitality and broad rural market.

The duet will be sung by a man (bottom) and a woman (top) (a pair of stands). The upper part uses Yu Zi's hand, and the lower part uses a small stick as a prop. The basic tunes are Wen Tangke, Wu Keke, Horn Card, Great Rescue, Four Tones, Thirteen Cough, Red Six Sons, Little Rollover and Great Tragedy. Frequently performed programs include Bird Hunting, Selling Lines, Yin, Ancient City, Blue Bridge, The West Chamber, Baqiao, Shuang Suoshan, Huarong Road, Yougong, Baohao, Losing My Sister and Pandao.

The original duet was called "Yellow" duet, and the reformed duet was called "Green" duet. Northeasters, on the other hand, think that the most eye-catching part of the duet is the word "wave", and the slightly colored jokes are performed wonderfully in the duet, which is not only straightforward, hot and uninhibited, but also makes you stunned and flushed when you first arrive, and secretly exclaim and grin in your heart. Laughing and laughing, completely relaxed, the audience under the stage revealed their real life side in laughter, and the two people did not hide their complete entertainment spirit.

The performance means of duet can be roughly divided into three types. One is a duet in which two people pretend to be ugly once and talk while singing, which is a veritable "duet"; One is that a person sings and dances together, which is called "single head"; The other is that actors take the stage to sing opera in various roles, which is called "pulling opera"; Accompaniment instruments are mainly erhu, banhu, suona and electronic organ.

There is a saying of "four skills and one art" in the expression of duet-to-actor. The "four skills" are singing, speaking, pretending and dancing; "A unique skill" refers to stunts with handkerchiefs, fans, boards and other props. "Singing" is the first of the four skills, high-pitched, humorous, paying attention to taste, tone and strength; "Speaking" refers to speaking, using lively folk language more, giving priority to interruption, being witty and flexible; "Dressing up" refers to playing a role in the form of writing the spirit, confusing the fake with the real, paying attention to "two people play a role, and people are distracted", "one person plays multiple roles, and people are not distracted"; And "dance" is unique, with unique shoulder skills, waist skills and footwork, especially wrist skills, including flat wrist, flip wrist, swing wrist, press wrist, wrap wrist, shake wrist, etc., all of which are amazing. Handkerchiefs and fan flowers are the most common "unique skills" in duet, similar to the northeast yangko. Dancers who hold a big board in their right hand usually hold a swing in their left hand, and they can perform such difficult movements as "swinging willows in the wind", "fairy picking beans", "golden dragon and jade column", "Hei Hu coming out of the mountain", "golden mouse returning to the cave" and "wrapping head and brain".

During the slack season before liberation, folk artists invited comprehensive classes, mostly "singing in the village" and performing at night. Three or five days later, the local squire was asked to be the "foreman" and "collect money" or "grain" from each household. A few people go to the town to "shop around", sing in the coach shop, and "collect money" from the audience (mostly tourists) in the process of singing.

After liberation, the people's government cared about and supported the prosperity and development of Errenzhuan, held training courses for Errenzhuan artists and new students, invited Errenzhuan artists to teach their skills to the students, and organized Errenzhuan artists to observe each other. Especially in recent years, popular vocals and electro-acoustic instruments have merged into duet, gradually evolved into a comprehensive folk art form, and the performance forms and vocals have become more abundant. The continuous development and perfection of Errenzhuan fully embodies the working people in Northeast China's pursuit of artistic beauty and the creative spirit of keeping pace with the times. In addition to excellent traditional programs, there are more programs that reflect real life. In the form of performance, such low-level interesting things as "waves" and "teasing" are basically eliminated. With more and more actresses, it is rare for men to swagger in women's clothes.

====================================

Because Changbai Mountain is rich in ginseng, although people were forbidden to dig in the mountains in the early Qing Dynasty, the number of people who privately mined was increasing year by year. Especially in the late Kangxi period, a large number of farmers in Shandong and Hebei went bankrupt, and these poor farmers crossed the mountains and came to the old forest of Changbai Mountain to steal into the restricted area to dig. Going into the mountains to dig ginseng, commonly known as "releasing mountains", is a very hard and dangerous labor. It is necessary to avoid the arrest of the government and fight against the harsh natural environment, so five, seven or even more people are needed to organize collective action. Leaders are called "leaders", and there will be "second leaders" when there are more people. When entering the mountain, the team leader led the group to worship the mountain god (commonly known as the old team leader), burn incense and sacrifice, kowtow and make a wish. The prayer said: "The mountain god always puts his head on the mountain, and his disciples go up the mountain to get the goods." Please show me the way, let me see the world, get big goods and make a fortune. When I come back, I will kill the chicken and the pig for your wish. "

The mountain season usually starts from Tomb-Sweeping Day to the white deer in the third month of the lunar calendar. At this time, ginseng picking is called "sprout market", and it is also called "broom market" and "red hammer market" in June and July. Since the release of mountains began in the third month of the lunar calendar, people regard the tenth day of the third month of the lunar calendar as the first festival of mountain gods every year. Farmers in the mountains, especially those who dig ginseng in the mountains, burn incense and sacrifice their heads to the mountain gods for their birthdays, and people will make some delicious toasts to celebrate. There was a set of prayers during the sacrifice, which sounded like singing instead of singing, saying, "I live in Laiyang, my real name is Sun, and I came to dig ginseng across the mountains and seas. I ate it for three days, but I just didn't want to dig ginseng! "

========================================

Northeast folk custom-brazier

Brazier is a folk heating tool in Northeast China. It is filled with "little ash" and brought to the kang to warm the whole house.

Once upon a time, northern residents mostly relied on fire kang for indoor heating, and the indoor heat was often not easy to rise. Sometimes, even if the kang is hot, it can't resist the cold outside, so people invented the brazier.

Braziers are made of mud, iron or copper and vary in size. Some even carve auspicious flowers on the edge of the basin. "Little ash" is the ashes of burning plants such as bean tree, grass and wheat stubble. They are hard, and they are shoveled out from kang caves or kitchen pits.

Generally, it only burns 60% to 70% when it comes out, so its heat is still very high, and "little ash" can completely maintain heat.

Keeping warm is a pleasure for adults and children here. In the severe winter, the wind and snow roared outside, and the whole family sat on the hot kang, telling stories, cutting window grilles and collecting soles. While playing games, they cooked some snacks in the brazier, including potatoes, sweet potatoes, soybeans and corn, which they ate while baking. Sometimes I will take out the sticky bean bags on the wall of the small warehouse and bury them in the ash for baking. A strong fragrance wafted from the room. Adults and children are scrambling to eat baked Huang Chengcheng tofu, which is really sweet and fragrant.

The brazier is also determined by the living room structure here. The ancestors of Kanto, Su Shenren, lived in the mountains and engaged in activities such as gold panning, hunting and ginseng digging. Most houses in the mountains are "sons". According to "Kanto Di Zi Examination", this kind of houses are divided into "lining" and "crooked". The so-called Lining is also called "Festival" by the mountain people: just like the whole country, they eat jiaozi, set off firecrackers, put up Spring Festival couplets, visit families and so on during the New Year. I will eat jiaozi after my birthday in the evening.

Diet: Features-Dangdang ~ ~ ~ sauerkraut. This is not available anywhere else. Just buy a lot of cabbage in winter (there are also kohlrabi, but it's not as delicious as cabbage ~), wash it quickly, put it in a jar, sprinkle with salt and seal it. Until about a month. Northeasters like stews. Because it is cold. And ginseng, velvet antler. This is a specialty ~ Northeast cuisine is large in quantity and heavy in taste. There are mushrooms and wild vegetables. Northeasters like to eat noodles and dip raw vegetables in soy sauce. I like jiaozi best. All kinds of fillings. And kill pig dishes. Such as blood sausage. Pig-killing dishes should be cooked with freshly killed pigs.

Life: Use fluorene grass as bedding. It is warm and can be used to keep out moisture. After dinner, the old people like to get together and dance yangko. Also watch duets. "I would rather give up one meal than two people." Northeasters are generous and emotional. Changchun was also rated as "the most humanized city". Let me see what else ... Actually, I'm from Changchun. ...

Diet: I eat stew, like spicy food (influenced by Russian climate, it tastes sour and spicy), and pickles, such as sauerkraut and spicy cabbage (sauerkraut and spicy cabbage are similar to Korean food), which is famous in Northeast jiaozi.

Leisure culture: dancing yangko, performing and watching Errenzhuan, and sketches in the northeast (with the sketches in the south, the sketches in the northeast have become the mainstream in China).

In history, the Northeast Errenzhuan is called Xiaoyangge, Bijueyi, Jumping, also known as Singing Jumping, Sentence Gathering, Mouth Passing, Flat Music, Liu Feng, Haruka, Banban Opera and Northeast Local Opera. It is one of the folk song and dance arts that evolved from the northeast folk and was born and raised in the northeast. Errenzhuan belongs to the folk art of singing while walking, which is popular in Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces and Sanmeng and one city in eastern Inner Mongolia.

Although there are some vulgar words and actions occasionally, the duet still has a high artistic level and ornamental value. Therefore, Wang Chaowen, a famous modern aesthete, commented on Errenzhuan in this way: She looks like a naive, lively, naughty, smart, provocative and even a little wild girl, beautiful and self-respecting, and can also be said to be a thorny rose.

The duet embodies the essence of northeast folk, folk dance and oral literature. It is a popular folk art with strong local color in Northeast China, and has a development history of more than 300 years. It is the most popular folk culture in the cultural life of the people in Northeast China. In Northeast China, people from 70 to 80 years old to children of a few years old can sing a few mouthfuls, such as Sister Wang Sifu, The West Chamber, Pig's wife-in-law, and Couples Turning Little Hats. Singing duet is almost an innate instinct of the Northeast people, and it is a culture passed down from generation to generation in the Northeast. For a long time, it has been deeply loved by people in Northeast China, especially farmers.

The songbook language of Errenzhuan is easy to understand, humorous and full of life flavor. At first, the duet was performed by an artist, who danced yangko during the day and sang northeast folk tunes at night (commonly known as "Xiaoyang"). Later, with the increase of residents and long-term cultural exchanges in different places, the connotation of duet has been greatly enriched. On the basis of the original Northeast Yangko and northeast folk, it has absorbed many artistic forms, such as Lotus Drop, Northeast Drum, Taiping Drum, Bawangbian, Hebei Bangzi, donkey shadow play, folk jokes and so on, and gradually evolved into some other singing forms and folk songs, so the performance forms and vocals are very rich. There is a saying among the people that "I would rather give up a meal than pass it on", which shows the profound influence of "Errenzhuan" among the masses. It can be said that the duet can best reflect the pursuit of artistic beauty by the working people in Northeast China.

Errenzhuan originally originated from field culture. In the past, the cultural life in rural areas in Northeast China was very poor. In a field, a man and a woman can sing a song without any props, and the duet brings joy to the silent mountain village. Those actions, throwing handkerchiefs, turning fans, flirting with each other and singing, are all a kind of venting, a kind of randomness. Northeast China is born strong and used to living by nomadic or fishing and hunting. The bohemian character enables people to talk about sex openly. The winter in the northeast is so long that farmers have to sit on the kang and sharpen their mouths. At this time, "dirty jokes" became their gag. Therefore, before liberation, there were many "meat" and "meat mouths" in Errenzhuan, and the actors spoke freely on the stage, and "meat" and "pink words" flew all over the sky to attract the audience. Some people even say that Errenzhuan is a local original dish of "farm food" and a reflection of northeast folk customs. Errenzhuan can't be called Errenzhuan if it has no sex culture, loses its "coarseness" and "vulgarity", and loses its vitality and broad rural market.

The duet will be sung by a man (bottom) and a woman (top) (a pair of stands). The upper part uses Yu Zi's hand, and the lower part uses a small stick as a prop. The basic tunes are Wen Tangke, Wu Keke, Horn Card, Great Rescue, Four Tones, Thirteen Cough, Red Six Sons, Little Rollover and Great Tragedy. Frequently performed programs include Bird Hunting, Selling Lines, Yin, Ancient City, Blue Bridge, The West Chamber, Baqiao, Shuang Suoshan, Huarong Road, Yougong, Baohao, Losing My Sister and Pandao.

The original duet was called "Yellow" duet, and the reformed duet was called "Green" duet. Northeasters, on the other hand, think that the most eye-catching part of the duet is the word "wave", and the slightly colored jokes are performed wonderfully in the duet, which is not only straightforward, hot and uninhibited, but also makes you stunned and flushed when you first arrive, and secretly exclaim and grin in your heart. Laughing and laughing, completely relaxed, the audience under the stage revealed their real life side in laughter, and the two people did not hide their complete entertainment spirit.

The performance means of duet can be roughly divided into three types. One is a duet in which two people pretend to be ugly once and talk while singing, which is a veritable "duet"; One is that a person sings and dances together, which is called "single head"; The other is that actors take the stage to sing opera in various roles, which is called "pulling opera"; Accompaniment instruments are mainly erhu, banhu, suona and electronic organ.

There is a saying of "four skills and one art" in the expression of duet-to-actor. The "four skills" are singing, speaking, pretending and dancing; "A unique skill" refers to stunts with handkerchiefs, fans, boards and other props. "Singing" is the first of the four skills, high-pitched, humorous, paying attention to taste, tone and strength; "Speaking" refers to speaking, using lively folk language more, giving priority to interruption, being witty and flexible; "Dressing up" refers to playing a role in the form of writing the spirit, confusing the fake with the real, paying attention to "two people play a role, and people are distracted", "one person plays multiple roles, and people are not distracted"; And "dance" is unique, with unique shoulder skills, waist skills and footwork, especially wrist skills, including flat wrist, flip wrist, swing wrist, press wrist, wrap wrist, shake wrist, etc., all of which are amazing. Handkerchiefs and fan flowers are the most common "unique skills" in duet, similar to the northeast yangko. Dancers who hold a big board in their right hand usually hold a swing in their left hand, and they can perform such difficult movements as "swinging willows in the wind", "fairy picking beans", "golden dragon and jade column", "Hei Hu coming out of the mountain", "golden mouse returning to the cave" and "wrapping head and brain".

During the slack season before liberation, folk artists invited comprehensive classes, mostly "singing in the village" and performing at night. Three or five days later, the local squire was asked to be the "foreman" and "collect money" or "grain" from each household. A few people go to the town to "shop around", sing in the coach shop, and "collect money" from the audience (mostly tourists) in the process of singing.

After liberation, the people's government cared about and supported the prosperity and development of Errenzhuan, held training courses for Errenzhuan artists and new students, invited Errenzhuan artists to teach their skills to the students, and organized Errenzhuan artists to observe each other. Especially in recent years, popular vocals and electro-acoustic instruments have merged into duet, gradually evolved into a comprehensive folk art form, and the performance forms and vocals have become more abundant. The continuous development and perfection of Errenzhuan fully embodies the working people in Northeast China's pursuit of artistic beauty and the creative spirit of keeping pace with the times. In addition to excellent traditional programs, there are more programs that reflect real life. In the form of performance, such low-level interesting things as "waves" and "teasing" are basically eliminated. With more and more actresses, it is rare for men to swagger in women's clothes.

====================================

Because Changbai Mountain is rich in ginseng, although people were forbidden to dig in the mountains in the early Qing Dynasty, the number of people who privately mined was increasing year by year. Especially in the late Kangxi period, a large number of farmers in Shandong and Hebei went bankrupt, and these poor farmers crossed the mountains and came to the old forest of Changbai Mountain to steal into the restricted area to dig. Going into the mountains to dig ginseng, commonly known as "releasing mountains", is a very hard and dangerous labor. It is necessary to avoid the arrest of the government and fight against the harsh natural environment, so five, seven or even more people are needed to organize collective action. Leaders are called "leaders", and there will be "second leaders" when there are more people. When entering the mountain, the team leader led the group to worship the mountain god (commonly known as the old team leader), burn incense and sacrifice, kowtow and make a wish. The prayer said: "The mountain god always puts his head on the mountain, and his disciples go up the mountain to get the goods." Please show me the way, let me see the world, get big goods and make a fortune. When I come back, I will kill the chicken and the pig for your wish. "

The mountain season usually starts from Tomb-Sweeping Day to the white deer in the third month of the lunar calendar. At this time, ginseng picking is called "sprout market", and it is also called "broom market" and "red hammer market" in June and July. Since the release of mountains began in the third month of the lunar calendar, people regard the tenth day of the third month of the lunar calendar as the first festival of mountain gods every year. Farmers in the mountains, especially those who dig ginseng in the mountains, burn incense and sacrifice their heads to the mountain gods for their birthdays, and people will make some delicious toasts to celebrate. There was a set of prayers during the sacrifice, which sounded like singing instead of singing, saying, "I live in Laiyang, my real name is Sun, and I came to dig ginseng across the mountains and seas. I ate it for three days, but I just didn't want to dig ginseng! "

========================================

Northeast folk custom-brazier

Brazier is a folk heating tool in Northeast China. It is filled with "little ash" and brought to the kang to warm the whole house.

Once upon a time, northern residents mostly relied on fire kang for indoor heating, and the indoor heat was often not easy to rise. Sometimes, even if the kang is hot, it can't resist the cold outside, so people invented the brazier.

Braziers are made of mud, iron or copper and vary in size. Some even carve auspicious flowers on the edge of the basin. "Little ash" is the ashes of burning plants such as bean tree, grass and wheat stubble. They are hard, and they are shoveled out from kang caves or kitchen pits.

Generally, it only burns 60% to 70% when it comes out, so its heat is still very high, and "little ash" can completely maintain heat.

Keeping warm is a pleasure for adults and children here. In the severe winter, the wind and snow roared outside, and the whole family sat on the hot kang, telling stories, cutting window grilles and collecting soles. While playing games, they cooked some snacks in the brazier, including potatoes, sweet potatoes, soybeans and corn, which they ate while baking. Sometimes I will take out the sticky bean bags on the wall of the small warehouse and bury them in the ash for baking. A strong fragrance wafted from the room. Adults and children are scrambling to eat baked Huang Chengcheng tofu, which is really sweet and fragrant.

The brazier is also determined by the living room structure here. The ancestors of Kanto, Su Shenren, lived in the mountains and engaged in activities such as gold panning, hunting and ginseng digging. Most houses in the mountains are "sons". According to "Kanto Di Zi Examination", this kind of houses are divided into "lining" and "crooked". The so-called lining, also known as "warm son" by the villagers, is a house where the villagers live for many years. Generally, this kind of house should go down to more than half a meter underground, and then put it on the frame, with a fire resistance in it and a brazier on it. People who come back from homework in mountain villages should take off their clothes and trousers immediately after entering the house and bake them on the kang to remove moisture. Because of the humidity in the mountains, the kang is given "clothes" regardless of spring, summer, autumn and winter. If you don't dry your pockets and shoes, you won't be able to climb the mountain the next day, especially those who are panning for gold.

When the guest arrived, the host greeted him: "Go to the kang to warm your feet! Pull the brazier forward! " "Nuanzi" is a house where mountain people have lived for many years. Generally, this kind of house should go down to more than half a meter underground, and then put it on the frame, with a fire resistance in it and a brazier on it. People who come back from homework in mountain villages should take off their clothes and trousers immediately after entering the house and bake them on the kang to remove moisture. Because of the humidity in the mountains, the kang is given "clothes" regardless of spring, summer, autumn and winter. If you don't dry your pockets and shoes, you won't be able to climb the mountain the next day, especially those who are panning for gold.

When the guest arrived, the host greeted him: "Go to the kang to warm your feet! Pull the brazier forward! "