Central meeting of Qingshuipo campaign

The former site of Qinghe District Committee, also known as the former site of the Central Conference, is located at the junction of Central Village 1 and Central Village 5 in Datou Township, Guangrao County, in an alley north of the street. It is a north-south courtyard, square, 22 meters wide from east to west and 17 meters long from north to south, with a total area of 484 square meters. There are five northern houses, three eastern houses, three western houses and three southern houses, all of which are brick buildings surrounded by courtyard walls. According to historical records (on the map of Yan 'an, the revolutionary resort, on the representative center of Qinghe District Committee) and old comrades' memories. In the past, Matou Township, located at the junction of Guangrao and Shouguang counties, became one of the anti-Japanese base areas during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period. Qinghe District Committee was established from June 28 (1939) to August 30 (194 1). 1939 12, Xu, Zhu Rui and other leading comrades put forward: first, establish a base area in Qingshuipo area of Shouguang; Second, establish a rear area from Xiaoqing River to Yellow River mouth wasteland, and get through the contact of Hebei-Shandong-Henan border region. Jing Xiaocun, Liu Qiren, Ma, Li Renfeng and other leading comrades held a meeting at the home of the epicenter to convey this historic meeting, led and commanded the armed struggle of the broad masses of soldiers and civilians against Japan, and established a solid base in the Yellow River estuary. This meeting was called "epicenter meeting" in history, and it became the office of Qinghe prefectural party Committee. 198 1 is listed as a key cultural relics protection unit at the county level. It is the only preserved former site of the anti-Japanese revolutionary base in our city, and an important base for educating the vast number of young people in patriotism and revolutionary traditionalism.

Breakthrough of Qingshui Park (one of the battles of Qingshui Park)

For three consecutive years from 194 1 year, the anti-Japanese struggle in Qinghe District, Lubei, Shandong Province entered the most cruel stage, and the people struggled painfully under the iron hoof of the Japanese "sweeping" policy. At that time, there were turrets in Lubei villages and towns, and the enemy "mopped up" for three days and "mopped up" for five days. Either this village is in flames of war, or there is a river of blood in that village, and our anti-Japanese base area has also been divided into small pieces by the enemy. The Eighth Route Army described that situation as "a base area penetrated by one shot". Our Eighth Route Army's anti-Japanese armed forces are inferior to the enemy in terms of equipment and quantity. However, the anti-Japanese soldiers witnessed the atrocities of the Japanese Puppet Army's brutal implementation of the "Three Lights" policy, which greatly aroused their deep-rooted hatred and determination to take revenge on the enemy. They persisted in the sparrow warfare and guerrilla warfare, smashed the enemy's repeated encirclement and suppression, hit the enemy and strengthened themselves. What I'm talking about here is an anti-mopping-up breakout battle that I personally experienced.

194 1 June, I was a platoon leader in the communication platoon of the third detachment command of Qinghe District of the Eighth Route Army Shandong Column. At that time, the organs of the third detachment of Qinghe District lived in Shangyang Village, east of Guangrao County. Shangyang Village is a big village with 500 to 600 families, where some comrades from the Qinghe District Committee and the detachment's special agent battalion company 3 live.

One day in the middle of the year, scouts sent by the headquarters and various intelligence stations reported one after another that devils and puppet troops had been added to several strongholds around Shangyang Village, all of which were blocking the news and forbidding anyone to go out. This situation shows that the enemy may have to conduct a "mopping up".

Sure enough, before dawn the next day, the enemy began to act. In Yangjiaogou, 30 kilometers northeast of our country, the devils were surrounded by puppet troops. In Guangrao, about 30 kilometers to the west, the devils and puppet troops are also surrounded. Two enemies came at us from Houzhen in the southeast and Shouguang County in the south at the same time. Several enemy troops attacked the headquarters of my third detachment angrily, just like pulling a vicious net, trying to catch and eat all hundreds of people and more than 1000 ordinary people in my third detachment.

At eight or nine o'clock in the morning, 1000 many enemies began to narrow the encirclement, getting closer and closer to Qingshui Park. Qingshuibo is a big reed 20 miles south of Shangyang Village, located between Guangrao and Shouguang County. Qingshui is moored in Fiona Fang for more than ten miles. Reeds crisscross the lake. The troops surrounded by the enemy, the prefectural party Committee organs and the fleeing masses all retreated here. The bay is full of men, women and children. Scattered people are looking for relatives, children are crying for their mothers, and village cadres and militia are busy resettling people and stabilizing people's hearts.

The situation is very serious. The enemy exceeds 1000. We only have one spy battalion, one guard platoon, one communication platoon, and there are only five or six hundred militiamen. The commander of the third detachment (later deputy commander jinan military area command) and the political commissar Liu Qiren (later political commissar of Hankou Senior Step School) immediately called the chief of staff Ma (in 45, we advanced to the northeast, and this comrade was transferred to the Shandong Military Region) to have a meeting with several section chiefs to analyze the enemy's situation and study countermeasures. The leaders are determined to smash the enemy's mopping-up plot, preserve the strength of the troops and lead the masses to break through the encirclement.

At about eleven o'clock, Comrade Ma and the spy battalion commander (said to have been captured in forty-two years) led two companies and two militia squadrons of the spy battalion to break through to the southeast. If we break through the encirclement, the prefectural party committee organs and ordinary people will rush out, and the headquarters will leave a company to cover the breakthrough at the end.

When the troops in front approached the enemy's encirclement, they were discovered by the enemy. More than 300 devils and a regiment of the 15 Brigade under the jurisdiction of the puppet army Zhang Jingyue quickly assembled to break through our troops, and formed a tight blockade with fierce firepower to prevent our troops from breaking through. Our spy battalion and militia fought very tenaciously. The spy battalion rushed in front and a squadron in Shouguang county killed each other with grenades and bayonets. The soldier in front fell down and the soldier behind rushed up. Several times in a row, although some people were highlighted, because the enemy was strong and we were weak, our soldiers and militia suffered too many casualties, and the torn net was quickly mended by the enemy. Then he organized a second breakthrough and was stopped.

After the second breakthrough failed, the troops rested and led the organization and command of the third breakthrough. It was decided that Wang (said to be the commander of Shandong Huimin Army Division), the head of the headquarters operations department, led the remaining company and communication platoon of the spy battalion to rush out first, and mixed the red horse that Commander Yang rode with Liu's horse of the cavalry squad, making the enemy mistakenly think that the head of the detachment would break through, distracting the enemy and covering the organs and the masses to break through. At this time, it was already two or three o'clock in the afternoon, and the weather was sultry. Everyone didn't eat, and they were hungry and tired. I conveyed the commander's instructions in the platoon, and all the comrades were full of confidence in victory, expressing their determination to fight out and cover the commander and the masses out of the tight encirclement. At that time, it was decided that I would take several comrades from the guard platoon (the guard platoon leader was injured) and the communication platoon to stay with the chief executive and act with them.

The king and his troops began to break south. This time, they didn't meet the stubborn resistance of the enemy, because the leaders had predicted that the enemy here had moved some troops to the southeast during our previous two breakthroughs, and their troops were greatly weakened. Our army quickly approached the encirclement, and suddenly a Grenade rained down. The troops opened the gap and a large number of people poured out under the cover of Grenade smoke. Some of our soldiers and militiamen hold the hands of the elderly, some hold children, and some carry burdens for the people. Everyone was running at a trot, and bullets flew by like locusts, but no one stopped and no one paid attention. People have only one voice: hurry! Get out! Rushing out is victory! When I broke through, I commanded the soldiers of the guard platoon to cover the head of the troops tightly and rushed out together. The bullets around him "whooped" and set off bursts of dust, and "whooshed" brushed their ears, but no one cared. We shot at the enemy violently, and the box gun in my hand was very hot. While suppressing the enemy, we chose favorable terrain to break through quickly. At that time, there were one-person deep trenches dug along the road everywhere, which were connected vertically and horizontally and easy to hide. The common people called it "Anti-Japanese Trench", which helped us a lot. The troops ran south along the trench to protect the people, and gradually, the gunfire behind them became farther and farther. Until dusk, we came to a small village called Cuijiazhuang near Tian Liu Zhuang, more than 20 miles away. After counting, there are only 100 people left in the whole institution. There are more than 40 people in our correspondence line, and only 20 people are left. My two uncles and younger brothers who joined the Eighth Route Army with me, as well as Comrade Zhang Youfa from the same village, all died in this breakthrough. Although the troops sacrificed a lot, they covered the prefectural party Committee organs and most of the masses and rushed out smoothly and moved to safety.

The breakthrough of Qingshui Lake shattered a "mopping up" by the Japanese army, and the third detachment of Qinghe of the Eighth Route Army was once again active in the anti-Japanese battlefield in Lubei to meet new and more arduous battles.