Weather conditions in Zhengzhou in July 2008

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Climate Impact Assessment of Henan Province in June 2008

I. General situation of climate

In June 2008, the average temperature in the whole province was 24.9℃, which was 0.8℃ lower than normal. The average precipitation is 45.8 mm, 50% less than normal. The average sunshine hours are 150.9 hours, which is 64.7 hours less than normal. During the month, there were many local strong convective weather such as rainstorm, thunder and lightning, hail and strong wind, which brought great losses to agricultural production and people's life.

1. temperature

In June, the average temperature in the province was 24.9℃, 0.8℃ lower than normal and 0.3℃ lower than last year.

The monthly average temperature is 2 1.9℃ (Luanchuan) ~ 26.5℃ (Yanshi), and the temperature in the mountainous area of western Henan is below 23℃. Most areas east of Beijing-Guangzhou Railway are below 25℃, and most of Shangqiu, eastern Xinyang and railway stations are below 24℃. It is above 25℃ in the western part of northern Henan, most of central Henan and parts of southwestern Henan.

Compared with the same period of normal years, the temperature in southwest Henan is 0. 1 ~ 0.7℃ higher than that in central Henan, and it is 0. 1 ~ 1.8℃ lower in other areas, among which the temperature in northeast Henan, most of east Henan and parts of southeast Henan are above 1℃. In a month, the temperature in the first month and the second month is 0.4℃ and 2℃ lower respectively. Late high 0.4℃.

Step 2 precipitate

In June, the province's average precipitation was 45.8 mm, 50% less than normal.

The distribution of precipitation in June is uneven, and the monthly precipitation ranges from 3 mm (Baofeng) to 174mm (Luoshan). Among them, the precipitation in northern Henan along Taihang Mountain, parts of eastern Henan, Xinyang and Wugang is above 100 mm, and that in other areas is below 100 mm, and that in parts of northern Henan, most parts of central Henan and parts of Zhumadian is less than 20%.

Compared with the same period of last year, except for the areas along Taihang Mountain in northern Henan and some areas in eastern Henan, which are 40% ~ 1. 1 times more, the rest areas are less: most of central Henan, Zhumadian and some areas in Nanyang are less than 60% (. The precipitation in the early, middle and late months is 60%, 40% and 50% less respectively.

3. sunshine

In June, the average sunshine hours in the province were 150.9 hours, 64.7 hours less than normal. The first, middle and last three days of the month were 6 hours, 45 hours and 14 hours less respectively. In the middle of the year, sunshine was the first lowest in the same period of the previous years, and nearly two-thirds of the stations in the province were the lowest in the same period of history.

The monthly sunshine hours in various places range from 85 hours (Xinyang and Gushi) to 232 hours (Songxian), among which the sunshine hours in most parts of southeastern Henan and Huixian, Yongcheng and Xichuan are below 1.20 hours; Parts of central Henan, Fanxian, Quan Min and Lingbao 180 hours or more; The rest of the area is between 120 and 180 hours.

Compared with the same period of the year, except the sunshine 18 hours in Songxian, the rest areas are less, less 12 ~ 132 hours: most of them are less than 70 hours.

Two. Major weather and climate events and their impacts

1. Disaster caused by severe convective weather

On June 2, parts of Xichuan County, Nanyang City were hit by strong winds and hail, accompanied by short-term showers. The strong wind damaged some crops in four towns, including Jingziguan, Taohe, Wansheng and Cangfang, and 30 chicken houses in five chicken farms in Jingziguan town were destroyed by the strong wind, resulting in a direct economic loss of 3.5 million yuan.

On June 3, the northern and central and eastern regions of our province were hit by strong convective weather such as strong winds and hail, accompanied by short-term showers. The maximum wind force is 8 ~ 1 1, involving 29 counties (cities, districts) in Zhengzhou, Xinxiang, Shangqiu, Luohe, Zhoukou, Xuchang, Zhumadian and Jiaozuo 10. Among them, the maximum wind speed in Yanling County reached 3 1.5 m/s, and the maximum wind speed in farms in Huangpan District of Xihua County reached 27. 1 m/s, both exceeding historical extremes. The maximum hail diameter in Xinxiang is 4cm, and the longest hail duration is15min. The disaster came suddenly, the time was relatively concentrated, and the scope was large, causing some crops to reduce production or even fail to harvest, damaging residents' houses, causing casualties and trees to be broken and blown down by strong winds; There are 944,600 people affected by the disaster in the province, and 20 people died due to the disaster. The affected area of crops is 89 1 1,000 hectares, and the area of crop failure is 4.9 thousand hectares. 963 houses collapsed, causing direct economic losses of 322 million yuan, including direct economic losses of 263 million yuan from agriculture. In this disastrous weather, a row of billboards in the parking lot on the east side of the exit of Zhengzhou Xinzheng Airport Terminal was blown down, causing at least 14 vehicles to be damaged. Nearly 10,000 mu of watermelons in zhongmou county were seriously damaged by hail; The strong wind in Luohe caused some power supply lines to be damaged, and large-scale power outages occurred in Luohe City and Linying County. Thousands of trees in Zhoukou City were uprooted, and a TV transmission tower in Xihua County was blown off by strong wind. Most towns and villages in Shangshui County were blacked out due to broken telephone poles. Among them, the transformer in Chenzhai Village of Chengguan Town caught fire and 65 mobile base stations were cut off.

On June 10, strong wind and hail occurred in Sunzhuang, Zhouwa and Zhaojun villages of Dengfeng City, which affected nearly 26,000 mu of crops and caused direct economic losses of more than 2.7 million yuan. On that day, qingfeng county, Puyang City was hit by heavy rain and hail. The affected area of cash crops such as cotton and watermelon reached 600 mu, and the direct economic loss was 1.32 million yuan.

On June 1 1 ~ 12, parts of Songxian, Jili, Lushi and Jiyuan in Luoyang were successively hit by torrential rain and hail, and 10 townships (towns) were affected. According to preliminary statistics, the affected area of crops was 1.343 hectares, and the area of crops was 6.7 hectares, which damaged houses 1.54, resulting in direct economic losses of 65.438+0.68 million yuan, including direct economic losses of agriculture of 690,000 yuan.

On June 25th, Anyang, Hebi, Puyang and Huixian were affected by strong convective weather, with strong winds, thunderstorms and short-term heavy precipitation. Trees, houses, telephone poles, etc. All of them were damaged to varying degrees, and the mobile communication tower was broken in the middle. Many trees fell in Anyang City, and several power supply lines tripped, causing a large-scale power outage in the city. 1 person died, resulting in a direct economic loss of 230 million yuan.

On June 29, a rainstorm hit Anyang again, and the rain was blown into a water wall by the raging wind. Heavy precipitation has caused many roads in Anyang to become Wang Yang, and some sections have accumulated water up to the knees. The lightning storm that lasted for more than 3 hours tripped Anyang Power Grid 1 1 35 kV lines and 154 10 kV lines. Affected by strong convective weather, six towns in Anyang County were hit by strong hail, with the maximum wind speed exceeding 8 and the maximum hail diameter of about 50 mm, which lasted for nearly half an hour, resulting in crop reduction and partial farmland failure.

2. Drought

During the month, the precipitation in some parts of central Henan was less than 20 mm, and the precipitation was 80% less than normal. According to the measured data of soil moisture monitoring station, the relative humidity of soil in some mountainous areas of central and western Henan Province is low, and moderate to severe drought occurs.

According to the statistics of the Provincial Drought Relief Office on June 22nd, the drought-affected area in the province reached 959,000 hectares, including severe drought 1.7 1.000 hectares and lack of soil moisture 1.009 hectares. The drought caused drinking water difficulties for10.4 million people and 30 thousand large livestock, which seriously affected the sowing and emergence of autumn harvest crops and the normal production of cash crops such as cotton and tobacco leaves.

Three. Climate impact assessment

1. Climate and agriculture

The normal temperature and less precipitation in that month have a certain adverse effect on the seedling growth of summer corn, soybeans and other big autumn crops. In the first half of the year, sunny and hot weather dominated most of the winter wheat areas in the province, and the temperature was normal, which was very beneficial to wheat maturity, harvest, storage and transportation. In the middle and late period, a large-scale precipitation weather process occurred in the whole province, which was beneficial to the growth and development of spring sowing and summer sowing crops.

Severe convective weather such as hail, strong wind and heavy rain occurred many times during the month, and crops in some areas were affected, production was reduced or even lost, resulting in serious agricultural economic losses.

2. Climate and people's lives

During the month, there were many weather processes such as heavy rain, which caused waterlogging in some sections of cities and rivers. In serious places, the water level is as high as 40 cm, and buses, taxis, private cars and pedestrians are blocked together, causing traffic jams. Thunderstorm caused several power supply lines to trip, which affected the normal life of residents.

During the severe convective weather, some cities were covered by clouds, and the visibility of the whole city was the same as that at night, which brought inconvenience to citizens' travel and daily life.

3. Climate and air quality

Compared with last month, the precipitation and air quality decreased slightly this month. In the strong convective weather such as rainstorm this month, the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation is uneven, and the air quality varies from place to place. The average monthly air pollution index in the province is 70, slightly higher than last month; The air pollution index is 59 (Anyang) ~ 92 (Zhoukou), in which Zhoukou, Zhumadian, Shangqiu and Luohe increased 14 ~ 3 1% compared with last month, and the air quality decreased. Anyang, Jiaozuo, Zhengzhou, Kaifeng and Luoyang decreased by 7 ~ 15%, and the air quality improved.