Ten thousand mu of desert shelter forest in Dunhuang was decapitated. How did the local government respond?

According to media reports, 10,000 mu of shelter forest in Yangguan Forest Farm in Dunhuang was cut down and destroyed. Dunhuang attached great importance to the situation reflected in the report, and immediately set up a special working group to investigate related issues according to the law and regulations, and announced the relevant situation in time. According to the Economic Information Daily, the Yangguan Forest Farm, which once owned about 20,000 mu of Three-North Shelterbelt, suffered? Bald? Cut down the cut-down shelter forest land and use it to grow grapes. In order to prevent shelterbelts from competing with grapes for water and nutrients, growers kill shelterbelts. ?

Among the eight deserts in China, the Kumtag Desert, which ranks sixth in total area and ranks first in mobility, expands to the southeast at a rate of about 4 meters per year, approaching Dunhuang, a famous historical and cultural city in China. Located on the eastern edge of the desert, it once owned about 20,000 mu of land? Sanbei? The state-owned Dunhuang Yangguan Forest Farm (hereinafter referred to as Yangguan Forest Farm) in the shelterbelt is the first and last green barrier to prevent and block sand in Dunhuang.

According to the investigation by the reporter of Economic Information Daily, this lifeline of wind and sand fixation in Sisuo Salon and Dongbao Oasis has been damaged in a large area for more than ten years? Shave your head? After cutting down, more than 1 10,000 mu of public welfare shelter forest was left in the knife cutting and sawing, thus artificially tearing a passage to Dunhuang from the Kumtag desert with a width of about 5 kilometers.

Our reporter walked through Yangguan Forest Farm, only to see the hunting wind wrapped in dust, whistling all the way across the sparse and broken forest belt exposed on the surface, and the front of quicksand had stuck out its tongue and climbed eastward. Green sand retreat, desert pressure? The situation has already appeared.

Can't you see the forest in the west? Local people and related experts exclaimed that if the sand barrier of Dunhuang is completely lost, the northwest end of Hexi Corridor will face an ecological disaster in which sandstorms erode oases.

Shave your head? Yangguan Forest Farm, founded in 1963, is located at the foot of Guyangguan in Dunhuang. Since ancient times, it has been the gateway to the western regions. The Silk Road? The only pass on South Road. According to reports, the location of Yangguan Forest Farm is just a big wind outlet, located 70 kilometers east of Dunhuang City and facing the Kumtag Desert in the west.

Because it is adjacent to the desert with the worst natural conditions in the arid area of northwest China, the climate of Yangguan Forest Farm is extremely dry, with an average annual precipitation of only 40 mm and evaporation more than 80 times that of precipitation. Under the climatic conditions of drought, little rain and frequent winds, the sand dunes on the eastern edge of Kumtag desert advance to Guanzhen at a speed of about 4 meters every year.

To hold Dunhuang, we must first hold Yangguan; With the fall of Yangguan, sandstorms will drive directly to the east along the Gobi Desert, and Dunhuang will be hard to protect. It is understood that Yangguan Forest Farm used to be? The wind swept the white grass, and the wolves ran into the sand nest? Barren land. Through the hard work of several generations of Dunhuang people, more than 300 sand dunes have been cleared, more than 2 million cubic meters of sand and gravel have been moved, more than 20,000 mu of land has been leveled, more than 4 million trees of all kinds have been planted and about 20,000 mu of trees have been planted. In the past, the desert with sand dunes has become a lush oasis, completely getting rid of it? Sandstorm drives people away? In a dilemma The green barrier of Fiona Fang 17 square kilometers in Yangguan Forest Farm largely prevented the sandstorm from spreading to Danghe Reservoir and Dunhuang City.

According to the bulletin board of Yangguan Forest Farm, its management area is 25,700 mu. After more than 50 years' efforts, a shelterbelt with a length of about 5 kilometers and a width of 2 kilometers was finally built in the front of the harsh desert. Shelterbelt protects Dunhuang Oasis like the Great Green Wall. According to the relevant data of Dunhuang Natural Resources Bureau of Yangguan Forest Farm (Dunhuang Forestry and Grassland Bureau), as the largest artificial irrigation forest farm in Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, the ecological forest area of Yangguan Forest Farm in 20 19 is 13300 mu.

There was an article in an authoritative forestry journal that said yes. National model of forest farm construction in sandy area? The famous Yangguan Forest Farm? Stubbornly standing in the front of the Kumtag desert, not being swallowed up by a strong sandstorm? . Our reporter visited the scene and saw that,

The 20,000-mu shelter forest that the wind can't blow down and the sand can't be destroyed is basically destroyed by knives and axes, and almost all the forest belts have been cut down. The reporter walked through some woodlands in Yangguan Forest Farm, and trees, large and small, were sawed off from the bottom everywhere. Every few meters, there are stumps left after cutting, and occasionally there are cut wood lying in the woodland. Judging from the size of stumps, some trees are as thick as bowls, many larger stumps have a trunk diameter of 30 cm, and scattered branches are as thick as adult arms. Some forest farm workers pointed to these stumps and told reporters that the cut tree cortex is water and there are few holes. Even the branches and treetops are bright in color, and most of them are well-survived and flourishing trees.

Local insiders pointed out to reporters that the surviving trees were distributed in two small forests in the west and southwest corner of the forest farm, as well as street trees on both sides of the main secondary road of the forest farm and spacer trees on some plots. Two workers who have worked in Yangguan Forest Farm for more than 20 years told reporters that they witnessed the aging and death of Populus Xinjiang, Tamarix chinensis and Populus euphratica? Old tree? And a large number of young trees, like being pushed and cut, were pushed down, leaving no land, and tens of thousands of acres of forest were covered. Shave your head? .

I used to sweat for the forest, and now I cry for the forest. ? The above-mentioned workers told reporters that when the sandy soil layer is full of gravel, we should knock the gravel layer with a hammer and steel to plant trees, dig a pit one meter square and 80 cm deep to ensure that the seedlings do not nest, and then pick ripe soil from several kilometers away to backfill the bottom and pull spring water to water it. Where does every woodland come from? Sand tiger? Planting a living tree is as difficult as feeding a child. ?

Ten thousand mu of shelter forest has been transformed? Green desert? According to the field investigation by the reporter of Economic Information Daily, all the shelterbelts cut down by Yangguan Forest Farm are used to grow grapes, which consumes a lot of water and disturbs the topsoil frequently. It is understood that since 2000, foreign contractors have flooded into Yangguan Forest Farm to lease forest land, and large-scale development and construction of vineyards have taken up ecological forest land on a large scale, or even completely replaced it. The data from Yangguan Forest Farm shows that grape production has become the pillar industry of the forest farm.

According to the data of Gansu Institute of Sand Control, the water consumption of grapes in the whole growth period is 1 1.9 times, 6.72 times, 4.05 times and 12.74 times of that of four-year-old artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest, Tamarix ramosissima forest, Calligonum mongolicum forest and flower stick forest respectively. An employee who used to be a ranger in Yangguan Forest Farm and is now a vineyard contractor said that the irrigation cycle of shelterbelts is usually once every two months, while vineyards are flooded every half month.

According to the reporter's investigation, in order to prevent shelterbelts and grapes from competing for water and nutrients in the soil, many grape growers are willing to compete for shelterbelts near the contracted land. The reporter learned that in order to create the illusion of ecological tree death, many stout Populus euphratica were stripped of their bark and even the bottom of the trunk was set on fire. After it died, it was cut down, dried, and then set on fire. Destroy the body? . In the low-lying area near the desert at the western end of the forest farm, the reporter saw that seven or eight trunks of Populus euphratica with thick thighs of adults were burnt.

According to reports, after the decomposition of the original tall tree litter in Yangguan Forest Farm, the organic matter accumulated for many years promoted the formation of fine sand, changed the nature of sand, and made the quicksand tend to be fixed. However, when planting grapes locally, it is necessary to bury branches to prevent cold, turn over the soil twice in autumn and winter, and unearthed it in spring, which makes the surface sand loose and forms quicksand. From June of that year 165438+ 10 to April of the following year, the topsoil of the vineyard was exposed for half a year, and windy weather occurred frequently in winter and spring, which not only created a large area of dust sources artificially, but also aggravated the wind erosion of the woodland soil.

Worryingly, in order to meet the demand of grape growth for desert soil, a large amount of desert sand is transported to vineyards, which artificially increases the degree of desertification in forest farms. Is there one in Dunhuang? An inch of grass can't cover the wind, but quicksand can't roll? Proverbs, and grape cultivation needs constant weeding, it is difficult to find grass in the hinterland of Yangguan Forest Farm now.

Our reporter saw in Yangguan Forest Farm that most of the cut forest land has been ridged and the whole frame has been put into grape production. Looking around, the khaki grape ridges are one after another, with no end in sight. In winter, growers bury grape branches in the soil to keep out the cold. Looking around, large areas of woodland are sparsely planted, and hidden sandy land begins to become dominant sandy land. The ridges and ditches of the whole forest farm are undulating, and the thin yellow sand dances with the wind, similar to a gentle desert area. It looks spectacular, but it feels desolate and impressive. Green desert? .

Pieces of vineyards have replaced the wind-proof and sand-fixing system that has been built for many years, and the overall protective function of the forest belt in Yangguan Forest Farm is almost zero. Some workers told reporters that the serrated blade destroyed a large area of ecological forest, the area of vineyards increased year by year, and the sandstorms that had been tamed for many years also increased year by year. A strong wind blew and the yard was full of sand? At this rate, Yangguan Forest Farm and nearby farmhouses will be buried in the desert one day.

Si Jianhua, a researcher at the Northwest Institute of Ecological Environment and Resources of China Academy of Sciences, told this reporter that,

The main function of Yangguan Forest Farm is to prevent and fix sand. Growing grapes on a large scale consumes too much water resources, which not only fails to prevent and fix sand, but also leads to the continuous decline of regional ecological functions and aggravates the risk of desertification. Public welfare forest? Identity? After deliberate desalination, our reporter learned that tens of thousands of mu of shelter forest cut down in Yangguan Forest Farm in recent ten years belong to large-scale wind-proof and sand-fixing public welfare forests in areas with serious desertification and soil erosion.

According to the data of Yangguan Forest Farm, in 2007, the forestry department defined the national public welfare forest area of Yangguan Forest Farm as 0.554 1 10,000 mu, and the local public welfare forest area as 0.55 million mu. 20 17 is the office building of yangguan forest farm still hanging? Dunhuang National Key Public Welfare Forest State-owned Yangguan Forest Farm Management and Protection Station? Brand.

Luo Youqiang, the stationmaster of Dunhuang Natural Forest Wildlife Management and Protection Station, gave the reporter another explanation: At present, Yangguan Forest Farm does not belong to the category of national public welfare forest. In 2004, the Ministry of Forestry positioned 5,000 mu of arbor forest in this forest farm as a national key public welfare forest, and in 2065,438+03, it was adjusted as a local public welfare forest. ? At present, more than 65438+100000 mu of trees in Yangguan Forest Farm belong to local public welfare forests, and they are being re-declared as national public welfare forests. ?

The Measures for the Management and Protection of Public Welfare Forests in Gansu Province stipulates that the competent forestry authorities at the county level and the units responsible for the management and protection of public welfare forests are responsible for setting up public welfare forest signs, indicating the location, scope, area, ownership, responsible person for management and protection, management and protection responsibilities and requirements, supervision units, supervision and reporting telephone numbers, etc. It can be seen that both national public welfare forests and local public welfare forests need historic site protection.

In June+10, 5438, the reporter searched the Yangguan Forest Farm and found no signs and signs related to the public welfare forest. The staff of the forest farm told the reporter that there were many signs in the obvious position of the forest farm before, and the relevant situation of the public welfare forest was clear at a glance. Since deforestation and grape planting, these signs have been smashed one by one. Now it seems that people deliberately forget that this is a public welfare forest that cannot be easily moved.

The problem of destructive logging has been covered up again and again. The Economic Information Daily reporter obtained two satellite remote sensing images produced by authoritative departments. One is the original map of the forest land of Yangguan Forest Farm in 2000, showing that its shelterbelt area is about 20,000 mu. The other is a schematic diagram of the land type distribution of 20 17 Yangguan Forest Farm, which shows that the forestland area is only 5,000 mu, and the grape planting area is10,000 mu.

The reporter's on-site survey and calculation results also preliminarily confirmed that in June this year, the vineyard area of Yangguan Forest Farm was about10.3 million mu, and the shelter forest area was less than 5,000 mu.

A leader in Dunhuang once said privately that the shelter forest in Yangguan Forest Farm was cut down to grow grapes in a large area, which made me very sad that the city did not manage it well. However, forest farm managers and local officials claim that logging is legal and there is no deforestation problem.

Jiuquan Forestry Bureau reported on the investigation report of deforestation in Yangguan Forest Farm of Dunhuang City reflected by the media? All the trees cut down in Yangguan Forest Farm are dead and inferior trees, and the cutting license has been handled according to the procedure. At present, the newly planted trees, which have been transformed year by year, grow vigorously and have remarkable ecological and social benefits, and have been widely praised by forest farmers and people from all walks of life? .

Ma Dongyang, director of the Natural Resources Bureau of Dunhuang City, told the reporter that the Yangguan Forest Farm has implemented the transformation of the secondary forest and has been approved. In the transformation of the secondary forest, the shelter forest was not destroyed to grow grapes.

Liu Hanjiang, director of the operation department of Yangguan Forest Farm, told the reporter that in the past ten years, there has been no large-scale deforestation and the vineyard area of the forest farm has not increased. It has been more than 3,200 mu accumulated before 2000. The reporter asked how much of the original 20,000 mu shelter forest was left in the forest farm. Liu Hanjiang admits that there should be 7,000 mu of forest land. ?

Wei Haidong, director of Yangguan Forest Farm, also insisted to reporters that the forest farm has an existing shelter forest of10.3 million mu, with an area of 3,704 mu of grapes. Since 2006, there has been no change and there are no new vineyards.

Many documents of the former State Forestry Administration clearly require that it is forbidden to transform the national public welfare forest into commercial forest, and all shrubs shall not be cut down and comprehensive land preparation shall be prohibited during the transformation, and all land preparation methods and production behaviors that cause land desertification shall be prohibited; Tree species with low water consumption and strong drought resistance must be selected for afforestation and greening in extremely arid afforestation areas. In addition, what are the technical specifications for the construction of ecological public welfare forests? Table of main suitable tree species for windbreak and sand fixation forest. , not included in the grape variety.

The ecological position of Yangguan Forest Farm is extremely important. Once the ecological project is destroyed, it is difficult to recover in a short time, and the cost of recovery is much higher than the income from destroying the ecology. ? He Zhe, a professor in the Department of Public Administration and Research of the Central Party School, said in an interview with the Economic Information Daily.

He Zhe believes that the large-scale deforestation in the Yangguan area of Dunhuang exposed the short-sighted behavior of sacrificing the ecological environment for the sake of temporary economic development. ? As long as local managers adhere to the concept of ecological civilization, ecological shelterbelts will not be so devastated, nor will they hide the possible ecological disasters and let them go. ? The content comes from the network. If there is infringement, please delete it.