In the wild, how can we find it without water? What kind of water can't be drunk?

First, the search and purification of drinking water: Generally speaking, in various regions, the growth and distribution of vegetation and the activities of birds, animals and insects can often provide some clues to find water sources.

In many arid deserts and Gobi areas, tamarisk, bell thorns and other shrubs grow. These plants tell us that there is groundwater 6 ~ 7 meters below the surface. Where Populus euphratica forest grows, it is pointed out that the groundwater level is only 5 ~ 10 meters from the surface; Achnatherum splendens shows that the groundwater is about 2 meters below the surface; Lush reeds show that the groundwater level is only about 1 m; If you find plants such as King Diane Dai and Malanhua, you will know that you can find groundwater by digging about 50 cm or 1 m here. We can also learn about the quality of groundwater from plants. If we see plants like Malan and Fozimao, we can conclude that there is not too deep fresh water there.

In the south, bamboo forests with deep roots and luxuriant leaves grow not only on river banks, but also in places where karst cracks and water holes are related to underground rivers. For example, in many karst canyons and depressions in Guangxi, strings or independent bamboo forests are often signs of big sinkholes. Some of these sinkholes can see water directly at the entrance, and some can't see water at the entrance, but as long as you go deep, you can often find groundwater.

In addition, where groundwater is buried, the soil is wet, ants, snails, crabs and so on. I like to nest here; In winter, frogs and snakes usually fly around here in groups.

Because of the wide distribution and flow range of water in nature, especially the wide area where surface water flows, it is difficult to ensure that water sources are polluted in general. If there is a map, pay attention to whether there are mines upstream of the water source. If there are mines, the water source may be polluted by minerals. If the stones in the river are unusually tea red or yellow, it is best not to drink the river water here. If there are no fish or other creatures to live in, you should be more cautious.

Rainwater can be drunk directly at ordinary times, and a large amount of rainwater can be collected with ponchos and plastic sheets when it rains. Collect rainwater with empty cans, cups, helmets and other containers, which can be placed on clean stones, not on the ground. If it rains heavily, the mud on the ground will splash into the water receiving container.

In the wild, it is best not to drink water from weeds, but to use clear water from cliff cracks or rocks. When drinking water from rivers or lakes, you can dig a small pit in the sand one or two meters away from the water. The water seeping out of the pit is cleaner than the water directly extracted from rivers and lakes.

Finally, remember, no matter how thirsty, don't drink unclean water to prevent germs from entering the body through drinking water. This is especially important in tropical jungle areas. As a last resort, you must boil the water before drinking.

2. Seawater desalination: At the seaside, if there is no ion exchange resin for desalination, seawater can be boiled in a pot to collect distilled water for seawater desalination. When boiling seawater, spread a towel on the inside of the pot cover, suck up the distilled water drops on the towel, and then screw it into a big shell or other container. By repeated production, you can get the potable fresh water you need.

In winter, seawater can freeze in containers. When seawater freezes, most of the salt dissolved in the water will crystallize out of the water, so the ice is basically desalinated. The unfrozen water, that is, concentrated brine, is heated in a pot, boiled to dryness to obtain crystalline salt, and then spread on paper to remove bitterness to obtain salt.

In the vast desert Gobi in the northwest of China, where there are plants, there is usually 4-5 meters deep groundwater. The water filtered by sand layer is generally clear and transparent, but it is not drinkable due to a large amount of evaporation and concentration of groundwater. If there is no ion exchange resin desalter, it can be treated by the above seawater desalination method and drunk.

In places with wet sand or brackish water, fresh water can be obtained through a simple solar distiller. The method is to dig a bunker with a diameter of 1.5 m and a depth of 1 m, cover it with a transparent plastic film, fix it with sand or stones around it, and put a pebble in the middle to make the plastic film into an inverted cone. Put a water container on this cone in advance. Sunlight evaporates the water in the silo through the plastic film, and the water vapor condenses into water droplets when it meets the plastic film, and drops into the container along the top of the cone. By this method, about 1.5 liters of distilled fresh water can be obtained every day.

3. Plants for quenching thirst and emergency methods for quenching thirst: There are many plants in Shan Ye that can quench thirst, such as birch juice in the north, tender branches of Vitis amurensis, rhizomes of Physalis alkekengi, banana stems and rattan in the south.

In the early spring in the north, drill a small hole 3 ~ 4 cm deep on the birch stem and insert a thin tube (made of birch bark). The juice flowing into the container through this small hole can reach 1 ~ 2 liters every night. Birch juice will ferment quickly in the air, so it should be drunk immediately.

The rattan with a shoulder pole in the dense forest of the southwest frontier is named after its shape like a shoulder pole. It is a perennial plant, usually wrapped around the trunk. The rattan is about 5 ~ 6 meters long, with gray surface and dark green leaves, which are about 3 ~ 4 cm wide and oval, slightly thicker than ordinary leaves. After cutting off the vines, you can see the broken marks of small tendons, and soon there will be fresh water to drink. Dai hunters living in Xishuangbanna usually go into the mountains without a kettle and rely on the clear water in this natural kettle to quench their thirst.

There is also a kind of water storage bamboo in the tropical jungle. This kind of bamboo generally grows on both sides of the ravine, with a diameter of about 10 cm, green and straight, and bamboo joints are about 50 cm long. When choosing bamboo to find water, you should shake the bamboo pole first and listen to whether there is water in it. You don't have to cut bamboo without water. In addition, check whether there are insect eyes on the appearance of bamboo joints, and the water in bamboo joints with insect eyes cannot be drunk. The way to draw water is to cut a hole at one end of the bamboo joint and pour the water into a bowl, or cut a thin bamboo tube and insert it into the bamboo tube for suction. The water in the bamboo joint is very sanitary and has a faint bamboo fragrance.

If you can't find plants to quench your thirst, there is an extremely simple way to get water. You can put a plastic bag on the branch and tie the bag tightly. More and more water will evaporate from the trees. In this way, the daily water intake can reach about 15 kg. You can also collect dew with plastic sheets. During the period from midnight to dawn, the temperature gradually drops, and every little makes a mickle, which can quench your thirst. Monkeys and squirrels in the mountains come out to lick the dew on the leaves of dry season at dawn. It might as well have a try.