What is Xiang Yu's biography?

Xiang Yu (232 BC-202 BC) was born in the late Qin Dynasty (now Suqian, Jiangsu Province) and was the grandson of Xiang Yan, a famous Chu State. He is the representative of China's military thought "military situation" (military situation, military tactics, military yin and yang, military skills). He is one of the strongest military commanders in the history of China, and the ancients had a feather for him.

Xiang Yu followed his uncle Xiang Liang in Wuzhong (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) in his early years. After Xiang Liang's death, he led an army to cross the river to save Zhao Wangxie, and defeated Qin Jun's main forces led by Zhang Han and Wang Li in the Battle of Julu. After Qin's death, he was called the overlord of the land, and implemented the system of enfeoffment, making Qin heroes and nobles of the six countries kings.

Then Liu Bang, the king of Han Dynasty, sent troops from Hanzhong to attack Xiang Yu, and Xiang Yu launched a Chu-Han war with him for four years. Although Liu Bang suffered repeated defeats during the period, Xiang Yu was unable to have a fixed rear supply, and ran out of food and grass, suspecting his father Fan Zeng. Finally, it was destroyed by Liu Bang. In 202 BC, Xiang Yu was defeated (now Lingbi South, Anhui Province), broke through to Wujiang River (now wujiang town, Anhui County) and committed suicide.

1, early experience

When Xiang Yu was a teenager, Xiang Liang taught him to read, but he didn't learn it for a long time. Xiang Liang taught him to learn sword again, but he didn't learn it after a long time. Xiang Liang was particularly angry about this. Xiang Yu said: "Reading and literacy can only remember people's names, and learning swords can only be for one person. If you want to learn, learn from thousands of enemies. " Xiang Liang then taught Xiang Yu to learn the art of war. Xiang Yu was very happy, but he only got a general idea and refused to study it in depth.

Qin Shihuang visited Huiji and sailed to Zhejiang. Xiang Yu and Xiang Liang watched together. Xiang Yu said to Xiang Liang, "Qin Shihuang can change." Xiang Liang covered Xiang Yu's mouth and said, "Don't talk nonsense, or it will bring disaster to the whole family." Therefore, Xiang Liang showed great respect for Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu is more than eight feet long, and he can carry the tripod and be brilliant. Even Wuzhong disciples were afraid of Xiang Yu.

In July 209 BC (the first year of Qin Ershi), Chen Sheng and Guangwu revolted in Daze Township. In September, Yin Tong, the prefect of Huiji, said to Xiang Liang, "Jiangxi people have rebelled. This is the moment when the Qin Dynasty will perish. I've heard that people strike first, then strike second. I am going to send troops and want to use you and Huan Chu as generals. " When Huan Chu fled in osawa, Xiang Liang said, "Huan Chu is at large, and I don't know where others are. Only Xiang Yu knows. " So Xiang Liang went out and told Xiang Yu to wait outside with a sword. Then he came in and sat down with Yin Tong, the county magistrate, and said, "Call Xiang Yu and let him be ordered to find Huan Chu." After Yin Tong agreed, Xiang Yu killed Yin Tong at the instigation of Xiang Liang.

Xiang Liang carried the head of the leader in his hand and wore the official seal of Yantong. Yin Tong's men were greatly alarmed and confused. Xiang Yu killed nearly a hundred people, and the whole county government was scared to lie prone on the ground. No one dares to get up. Xiang Liang summoned familiar strongmen and officials to explain the truth of the uprising against Qin, so he launched the Wu Zhongzhi uprising.

Xiang Liang sent people to receive 8,000 chosen men from the subordinate counties of Wuzhong County, and deployed heroes in the county as a captain, a Hou and a Sima, so Xiang Liang made a patrol to occupy the subordinate counties and took Xiang Yu as the general.

In June 208 BC (the second year of Qin Ershi), Chen Sheng was killed, and Xiang Liang called his men to discuss the matter. Fan Zenglai, who lived in a nest, told Xiang Liang that it would not last long for the sake of the descendants of Chu, so Xiang Liang followed Fan Zeng's advice, found Chu Huaiwang's grandson Xiong Xin among the people, and still named him Chu Huaiwang, while Xiang Liang was named Wu Xinjun.

Xiang Liang's whole army was defeated in East Asia, so don't send Xiang Yu and Liu Bang to attack Yang and Puyang East. Qin Jun was forced to retreat into Puyang City. Xiang Yu and Liu Bang led the army to attack Dingtao and slay the Qin general Li You. Xiang Liang even broke Qin Jun, which is very proud. At this time, Qin sent a large number of reinforcements to support. After getting reinforcements, Zhang Han raided Xiang Liang, and Xiang Liang was defeated and killed. Xiang Yu and Liu Bang attacked Liu Chen, so they talked about retreating.

2. Battle of the Giant Deer

Xiang Yu's inscription was like a crushing defeat of Xiang Liang. He thought that Chu soldiers were not enough to worry about, so he led the army to cross the Yellow River in the north and defeated Zhao. The prince of Zhao took Chen Yu as the general and Zhang Er as the phase, and defeated Julu. Zhang Han led the king away and intervened. 400,000 people besieged the stag.

When Chu Huaiwang heard that Xiang Liang had died, he was very scared. He rushed to Pengcheng from Xutai, put Xiang Yu and his army under his command, appointed Stuart, Lv Chen's father as Lingyin, appointed Liu Bang as county magistrate, and Wu 'an Hou, still in charge of the party and county army.

In 207 BC (three years), Chu Huaiwang took Yi Song as the general, named Xiang Yu as the general, took the second son as the general, and Fan Zeng as the last son, thinking that he was the boss, and led the troops to save Zhao by 50,000. Song Yijun arrived in Anyang, stayed for 46 days and stopped marching.

Xiang Yu suggested to Yi Song: "Qin Jun surrounded the Zhao Yu Julu, so we can quickly lead the troops to cross the river and attack the domestic and foreign Zhao soldiers, which is bound to break Qin Jun", but he refused to send troops and still drank and had fun in the army. Sometimes the weather is cold and it rains heavily, and the foot soldiers are cold and hungry. Seeing this, Xiang Yu went to see Yi Song in the morning and killed him.

Xiang Yu held his head and told the soldiers: "I wanted to plot with Qi, and secretly ordered me to kill him." The generals gave in because of fear, and did not dare to resist, so they temporarily promoted Xiang Yu as the upper general. Huan Chu reported the matter to Chu Huaiwang, and Chu Huaiwang appointed Xiang Yu as the upper general.

After Xiang Yu was killed, he was famous as a warlord in Chu, so he sent Dangyang Army and General Pu to cross the river with 20,000 soldiers, and repeatedly attacked the tunnel that sent food to Wang Li's army, but the harvest was not great. Zhao sent to ask Xiang Yu to send his troops again. Xiang Yu led many soldiers and horses to cross the river and fought nine times. Zhang Han was broken, and Xiang Yu continued to attack Wang Li northward with a great army.

After ChuBing beat back Zhang Han, the vassal army was greatly encouraged. Together with Xiang Yu, they attacked Wang Li, killed Su Jiao and captured Wang Li alive. Qin Jun generals refused to surrender and committed suicide. After Qin Jun's defeat, Xiang Yu summoned the governors and generals in Yuanmen. All the generals knelt down and did not dare to look up at Xiang Yu, so Xiang Yu became the governors and generals, and the governors surrendered.

Zhang Han led an army stationed in La Yuan, while Xiang Yu was stationed in Zhang Shuinan. The two armies are deadlocked. Qin Jun was defeated by Xiang Yu many times, and Qin Ershi sent someone to blame Zhang Han. Zhang Han was afraid, so he sent Sima Xin with a long history to ask for instructions. Sima Xin arrived in Xianyang, and Zhao Gao stayed in Simamen for three days, refusing to be interviewed. Sima Xin was distrustful and very scared. He quickly fled to Zhang Han camp and persuaded Zhang Han to make plans early. Zhao Yu also wrote a letter.

Xiang Yu ordered Pu Daibing, a general, to cross Sanhujin day and night, engage with him and defeat him. Then Xiang Yu led the whole army to attack Qin Jun in the sewage. Zhang Han sent someone to see Xiang Yu again, hoping to conclude a peace treaty. Xiang Yu summoned hundreds of civil and military officials to discuss and said, "Now there is less and less rations, so I have to promise them." Military officials agreed, so Xiang Yu and Zhang Han met in the south of Huanshui, and made a covenant. After seeing Xiang Yu, Zhang Han cried and confided Zhao Gao's behavior to Xiang Yu. Xiang Sui was appointed King Yong, and Sima Xin was appointed General, leading to Xin 'an.

In November, 206 BC (the first year of Han Dynasty), all the soldiers of the vassal had served in Qin, and suffered the whipping of Chiyou. Now, Chiyou surrendered to the vassal, and the vassal soldiers drove Chiyou into slavery, which caused Chiyou's dissatisfaction and secretly planned.

The warlord heard about Chi's plan and told Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu summoned Pu and others to discuss the matter. He thought that there were many stingers, and if he didn't listen to orders after entering the customs, it would lead to great disaster, so Xiang Yu killed more than 20 chi in the south of Xin 'an overnight.

3. Packet Regulator

After Xiang Yu destroyed Qin Jun's main force, he led the vassal army to advance to Guanzhong and reached Hangu Pass. He found that the pass was guarded by soldiers, but Xiang Yu's army could not get through. I also heard that Liu Bang attacked Xianyang, and Xiang Yu was furious and sent Dangyang Army to attack Hangu Pass. 400,000 troops were stationed at Hongmen, Xinfeng, and Liu Bangjun was stationed at Overlord. Liu Bang, Sajima and Cao Wushang sent someone to tell Xiang Yu that Liu Bang wanted to be king in Guanzhong, with Zi Ying as the phase, and all the treasures were possessed. Fan Ceng.

Xiang Yu's uncle Xiang Bo has a friendly relationship with Liu Bang's Sean. He went to Liu Bangjun to see Sean overnight, trying to persuade Sean to escape, but was wooed by Sean. Xiang Bo came back and told Xiang Yu that Liu Bang had made great contributions to Xianyang. If it was unfair to attack him, Xiang Yu agreed.

Liu bang led 100 cavalry to see Xiang Yu the next day. Fan Zeng suggested that Xiang Yu kill Liu Bang, but Xiang Yu could not bear to be silent. So Fan Zeng asked Xiangzhuang to dance the sword at the dinner, waiting for an opportunity to assassinate Liu Bang, and Xiang Bo drew his sword to stop Xiang Zhuang. Sean saw it and went to the military gate to find Fan Kuai.

Liu left and dedicated his jade bucket to Xiang Yu and Fan Zeng. On the grounds of the above toilets, they threw down their cars and rode away, only taking Fan Kuai, Xia Houying and others to escape from Lishan Road to Bashang. Xiang Yu took Bai Bi and put it on the table. Fan Zeng threw the jade bucket on the ground, drew his sword and chopped it, sighing, "Liu Bang must be the one who took Xiang Yu's world."

After Xiang Yu entered Xianyang, he led troops to slaughter Xianyang, killed Zi Ying, king of Qin, and set fire to Qin king Palace. The fire burned for three months in a row, collecting treasures and beautiful women and returning to Jiangdong. Someone advised Xiang Yu that Guanzhong was rich and could make a career in Wang Ba, but Xiang Yu saw that Qin king Palace had been destroyed and was eager to return to Jiangdong, but he didn't listen. The man also said that the Chu people were cruel, and it happened. Hearing this, Xiang Yu killed the man.

With the consent, Xiang Yu became the overlord of the land of self-reliance, naming Liu Bang as Hanwang, Zhang Han as, Sima Xin as, Dong Kun as Zhaiwang, Wei as the king of Western Wei, Shenyang as the king of Yu, Sima _ Wang Yin, Zhao Wangxie as the generation king, Zhang Er as the king of Changshan, Ying Bu as the king of Jiujiang in Dangyang County, Wu Rui as the king of Hengshan, and Ao as Linjiang.

4. Battle of Pengcheng

After Xiang Yu enfeoffed the vassal, the vassal went to seal the country. Xiang Yu moved Yidi to Chen County, Changsha, and secretly ordered Wang Hengshan and Wang Linjiang to kill Yidi on the way.

In August of 206 BC (the first year of Han Dynasty), the princes of Qi and Zhao rebelled, and Xiang Yu led the army to quell the chaos. He was very angry when he heard that Liu Bang was already in Guanzhong. He appointed Zheng Chang as korean king and sent him to stop Liu Bang, so Xiao Gong could stop Peng Yue. After Peng Yue defeated Xiao Gongjiao, Sean forged the Hanshu to Xiang Yu, saying that Liu Bang would not crusade as long as he was in Guanzhong. He also forged Wang Qi and Liang Wangshu for Xiang Yu, saying that Wang Qi Zhunben and Damon Liang Jixin joined hands to destroy Chu.

So Xiang Yu was at ease to attack Qi, and recruited King Jiujiang as the inside man. Benazir Bhutto couldn't get sick and sent his generals to lead only a few thousand people, so Xiang Yu held a grudge against Ying Bu.

In the winter of 205 BC (the second year of Han Dynasty), Xiang Yu went north to Chengyang, and Tian Rong led the troops to war. He was defeated by Xiang Yu, and Tian Rong fled to the plain, where he was killed by people on the plain. Xiang Yu burned down the houses of Qi, killed all the soldiers, and moved the plundered men, women and children to Beihai, causing numerous casualties. So the Qi people joined forces to rebel. Tian Heng took the opportunity to recruit tens of thousands of troops to counterattack Chengyang, but Xiang Yu could not attack for a long time.

Liu Bang led 560,000 soldiers and horses to attack Chu in five directions eastward. When Xiang Yu heard that, the preparatory department would continue to attack Qi, and he personally led 30,000 soldiers to rescue Peng Cheng. After Liu Bang captured Pengcheng, he collected treasures and beautiful women and hosted a banquet. Xiang Yu led the army from Xiaoxian to the east in the morning and hit Pengcheng at noon, defeating Liu Bangjun and killing more than 100,000 Han soldiers.

Liu Bangjun fled to Nanshan, and Xiang Yu led the army to catch up with Lingbi East to stop him. Han soldiers fell into the water more than 100 thousand pieces, and the water did not flow. Xiang Yu surrounded Liu Bang for three layers, but was disturbed by a strong wind. Liu bang took the opportunity to lead dozens of cavalry.

In the battle of Pengcheng, Liu Bang fled to Xiayi, collected the defeated troops and dispersed to Xingyang. Defeated armies from all walks of life came to meet him. Xiao He also mobilized unregistered people in Guanzhong to defect to Liu Bang, so Liu Bang was able to revive the military situation, and Xiang Yu was unable to win. After defeating Cheng Peng, Liu Bang betrayed the country and joined Xiang Yu.

In 204 BC (the third year of the Han Dynasty), Liu Bang built a tunnel in Xingyang to cross the river and get food from Dior. Xiang Yu's army invaded the tunnel many times, and Liu Bangjun was very afraid of not getting food and grass. So he made peace with Xiang Yu, and Xiang Yu agreed.

5. Gap and discussion

At the suggestion of Fan Zeng, Xiang Yu and Fan Zeng camped in Xingyang with the intention of destroying Liu Bang. Liu Bang was very scared and adopted Chen Ping's plan to alienate Xiang Yu and Fan Zeng, so Xiang Yu deprived Fan Zeng of his rights. Fan Zeng didn't expect Xiang Yu to suspect that he had colluded with Liu Bangyou. He was very angry, so he withdrew and died on the road.

Xiang Yu surrounded Liu Bang in Xingyang and attacked him. Liu bang's army is in a critical situation. Ji Xin, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, led two thousand troops in a yellow car and pretended to be Liu Bang, saying that Liu Bang was willing to surrender. Xiang Yu came to see Ji Xin and asked where Liu Bang was. Ji Xin said that Liu Bang had escaped, so Xiang Yu burned Ji Xin to death.

In 203 BC (the fourth year of the Han Dynasty), Xiang Yu captured Xingyang, executed the governor of Xingyang and Zonggong, while Liu Bangze defected to Wan and Ye, and sent someone to persuade Ying Bu to betray Xiang Yu and enter. When Xiang Yu learned about it, he quickly led his troops to attack and occupied the elevation. All the way westbound, Liu Bang fled to Gongxian and sent heavy troops to stop him, so Xiang Yu could not move forward.

At this point, crossing the river to attack East Afghanistan, Chu defeated Xue. Xiang Yu personally led an army to attack Peng Yue, and Peng Yue failed, but the elevation was captured by Liu Bang. Xiang Yu returned to the army and confronted Liu Bang in Guangwu for several months. Liu Bang refused, so Xiang Yu sent a strong man out to challenge, but he was shot by Lou Fan. Xiang Yu was furious and came to challenge in armor and holding a halberd. Lou Fan was ready to shoot Xiang Yu.

Liu bang came out to talk to Xiang Yu after listening, and Xiang Yu challenged Liu bang again. Liu Bang refused to obey, Xiang Yu shot Liu Bang with a crossbow, and Liu Bang retreated to the elevation.

Han Xin attacked Qi, Zhao and other countries in Hebei, and prepared to attack Chu. Xiang Yu sent general Long Qie to attack Han Xin, but was defeated by Han Xin. At this time, Peng Yue returned to Shangcheng. Xiang Yu was furious and went to the rescue in person, leaving Cao Fu to blame him and told him not to fight, only to keep fifteen.

After Xiang Yu left, Liu Bangjun came to challenge. Cao was furious and led his troops across Surabaya. Liu Bangjun took the opportunity to attack and broke Cao's. When Xiang Yu heard that Cao Qijun was defeated, he led the troops back. At this time, Liu Bangjun is in the encirclement of Xingyang East. When he heard that Xiang Yu was back, he was very scared and retreated.

Xiang Yu was beaten between Scylla and Charybdis, and was short of food and grass, so he also returned to the Liu Bang family and signed a Covenant with Liu Bang to divide the world with the gap as the boundary.

6. Battle of Gaixia

After the gap was settled, Xiang Yu led the troops back to the east. At this time, Liu Bang suddenly tore up the Covenant and came after Xiang Yu, trying to destroy Xiang Yu at one fell swoop, but Han Xin and Peng Yue, who had promised to send troops with Liu Bang, did not come. Xiang Yu led the troops to fight back against Liu Bang, and defeated the Han army. Liu Bang was deeply mired in the ditch and could not hold on.

Liu Bang persuaded Han Xin to go south from Qi State and occupy Pengcheng, the capital of Chu State, as well as the vast areas of northern Jiangsu, northern Anhui and eastern Henan today. The soldiers pointed to the flank of Chu and attacked Xiang Yu from east to west. Peng Yue, the king of Liang, led tens of thousands of troops to set out from Liangdi, heading south first and then westward. Liu Bang's headquarters troops drove the Chu army to retreat. Han general Liu Jia led tens of thousands of troops together with Jiujiang Wang and other 100 thousand soldiers. Starting from Huaibei, we attacked Chu from the southwest, first attacking Shouchun, then attacking Xiacheng's father and killing all the soldiers and civilians in the city. Zhou Yin, the Chu general guarding the southern line, rebelled against Chu at this time, killing six counties first, then joining forces with Ying Bu and Liu Jia, and then converging on Xiang Yu in the north; At the same time, Liu Bang, supplemented by soldiers from Guanzhong, led his own army out of Guling and eastward. The five armies of the Han army, with a total of nearly 600,000 people, surrounded the Chu army from the west, north, southwest and northeast, and Xiang Yu was forced to lead ten Wan Chu troops to retreat to Gaixia.

Liu Bang took Han Xin as the former army with 300,000 troops, Kong as the left wing and Michael Chen as the right wing. Liu bang led the troops to follow up. General Zhou Bo went on patrol, and Xiang Yu led hundreds of troops. After the first battle with Han Xin, Han Xinjun was defeated, and he retreated, so that the left and right wings were surrounded by Xiang Yu, unable to defend the enemy. So he retreated. Han Xin took the opportunity to fight back, and Xiang Yu's army was defeated and retreated to the barriers. Liu bang led an army to encircle Xiang Yu.

Xiang Yu's army not only serenaded, but also lacked food and grass, and was surrounded by hundreds of thousands of troops of Liu Bang. So he led 800 cavalry to break through at night. After dawn, the Han army found that Xiang Yu had left, so Guan Ying led five thousand elite cavalry to pursue him. When he crossed the Huaihe River, there were only 100 cavalry. Arriving in Yanling, Xiang Yu got lost. He went to ask an old farmer, and the old farmer replied, "Left."

7. Wujiang committed suicide.

Xiang Yu thought he could not escape, and his men said, "I have been fighting for eight years." After more than 70 wars, all those who resisted me were defeated by me. The people I attacked all showed obedience and never lost, so they dominated the world. Now they are trapped here, not because I can't fight, but because the sky is going to kill me! Today is the day to fight to the death. I want to fight for you happily, and I must win three times. I will defeat the siege for you, chop the flag, and let you know that it is heaven that kills me, and I will defeat the enemy without fighting. "

So he divided the cavalry into four teams. At this time, the Han army was besieged several times. Xiang Yu said to his cavalry, "I'll kill each other for you!" " "So he ordered the cavalry to rush down the mountain in four ways and meet in Shandong. Xiang Yu roared down and killed a Han general. Hou Yangxi of Chiquan chased Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu let out a cry, and Yang's soldiers were surprised and retreated for miles!

Xiang Yu and the cavalry were divided into three teams. The Han army didn't know which team Xiang Yu was in, so it was surrounded by three teams. Xiang Yu flew out and killed another Han general, killing nearly a hundred people at the same time. Then he joined the cavalry and lost only two riders. Xiang Yu asked, "How?" The cavalry replied appreciatively, "Just like the king said."

Xiang Yu fled all the way to Wujiang and met the curator of Wujiang Pavilion. In order to make a comeback, the director advised Xiang Yu to return to Jiangdong, but Xiang Yu refused on the grounds that he was ashamed to see his elders in Jiangdong and handed himself over to the director. Xiang Yu dismounted and fought, killing hundreds of Han soldiers in one breath, injuring himself in more than a dozen places, and then slashing himself.