Who had Yanzi's privacy in the Spring and Autumn Period? Annotation and translation are the most important. Please, I've been online for half an hour.

When I was in Gong Jing, it rained and snowed for three days. The male wears the white fur of a fox and sits on one side of the hall. Yan Zi saw it and said, "Strange! Rain and snow are not cold for three days. " Yan Zi said to him, "Isn't it cold?" Laugh. Yan Zi said, "Yan Wen, an ancient sage, knew people's hunger when he was full, their cold when he was warm, and their labor when he was free. I don't know this gentleman. " Gong said, "Good! I have heard of life. " Is to make autumn millet and hunger and cold. So that people you see on the road don't ask their hometown; Those who see in the room don't ask their home; By country, there is no name. The scholar is full-time and full-time, and the sick are old. Confucius listened: "Yan Zi can understand what he wants, and Gong Jing can do what he likes."

(selected from "Yan Zi Chun Qiu Inner Chapter")

To annotate ...

1: Qi.

② Rain and snow: It's snowing. Rain, used as a verb. Cover it, put it on, put it on.

③ Ⅷ (Ⅷ): Chu Qing after rain and snow.

4 quilt: the same as "wearing".

5 fox white, white hair under the fox's armpit. Fox white hair, a fur coat made of white hair under the fox's armpit. This is the most precious of all furs. The idiom "Many a mickle makes a muckle" is extended to many a muckle. Pass "Gai", Gai.

⑥: The steps of the palace.

All landowners have a room, for a while.

8 know: know.

9 escape, ease.

Attending to smell the fate, smell the teaching, and be taught. This is to respect each other and learn from each other. A compliment that expresses acceptance of the other party's opinion.

⑾ See: I saw it.

(12) patrol, patrol.

(13) disease: pain.

(14) and: give (give)

translate

When Gong Jing was in office, it snowed for several days without clearing up. Gong Jing was sitting on the steps in front of the purlin with a fur coat made of white hair under his arm. Yan Zi entered the palace and stood for a while. Gong Jing said, "strange! It snowed for several days, but it was not cold. " Yan Zi replied, "Isn't it cold?" Gong Jing smiled. Yan Zi said: "I heard that the ancient sages knew the people were hungry, the clothes were warm and the people were cold, and they were prepared for danger in times of peace and knew the people's sufferings. Now the king can't do it. " Gong Jing said, "Well said! I listened to your teachings. " Then he ordered that coats and food be given to the hungry people. Command: When you meet them on the road, don't ask where they are from; See you in the alley, don't ask which one they belong to; Patrol the national statistics and can't remember their names. The hired scholar will be given food for two months, and the sick and sleepy will be given food for two years. Hearing this, Confucius said, "Yan Zi can clarify his wishes, and Gong Jing can implement the moral policy he has realized."

Make an appreciative comment

Yes, putting yourself in others' shoes is a virtue. I can think of people who haven't had enough to eat and wear warm clothes, and I can try my best to make them eat and wear warm clothes. Some people will think, maybe say a few words, but just stay in thinking, talking, expressing sympathy and pity. This can't be called pushing yourself and others. Push yourself and others to take action. Yan Zi believes that there are still people who are hungry and cold in Qi. However, he is willing but unable to do so, and he just found the opportunity to inspire Gong Jing to complete the charity work of relieving hunger and cold. As long as we always think of people who have not solved the problem of food and clothing, we will always find ways to help them. Especially when some places encounter irresistible natural disasters, we should think of the shortage of clothes, food, water and medicine for the affected villagers and help them solve these difficulties under the conditions we can. Helping others is helping yourself. The disaster-stricken areas received assistance to resume production, which reduced the burden on the country and increased the wealth of the whole people in a certain sense. Therefore, putting yourself in others' shoes is also a very sensible virtue of life.

author

Yan Ying is from gaomi city. An important politician, thinker and diplomat in the late Spring and Autumn Period. He is famous for his political foresight, diplomatic ability and simple style. He loves his country and his people, dares to speak out, and enjoys a high reputation among the rulers and the people. He is good at rhetoric, advocates governing the country by courtesy, and once urged Qi Jinggong to punish lightly and sparingly. Liu Xiang recorded Yan Zi's Spring and Autumn Annals in Han Dynasty, and once compared Yan Zi with Guan Zhong, a famous politician in the early Spring and Autumn Period. Yan Ying is the son of Wei Yan, a doctor of Qi State. Known for his frugal life and corporal humility. It is said that Yan Ying is short and ugly. In the 26th year of Qi (556 BC), he died of illness, and Yan Ying succeeded to the throne as a doctor. He served as an assistant minister in the Qi, Zhou and San Dynasties for more than 40 years. On Tuesday, in the tenth year (500 BC), Yan Ying died of illness. Kong Qiu once praised: "Save the people without boasting, and make up for the three kings without lifting them. Yanzi is a gentleman! " The existing Yanyings Tomb is about 350 meters southeast of Yongshun Village, Qidu Town, Zibo. Yan Ying is witty and eloquent. Assisting in state affairs, he advised the King of Qi many times. He is flexible and principled, and he is not humiliated when he goes abroad, thus safeguarding the national dignity and prestige of Qi. Sima Qian admired Yan Ying and compared him to Guan Zhong.

The author's life

Yan Ying, also known as Yan Zi, was born in Yiwei (Gaomi, Shandong Province) in the Spring and Autumn Period. Born in an unknown year, he died in 500 BC. Shi Li, Zhuang Gong and III are famous figures of Qi after Guan Zhong, and they are also outstanding politicians and diplomats in ancient China. During the Spring and Autumn Period, princes rose up and the situation changed. Yan Ying is witty, eloquent and brave. Internally, he assisted the National Government, remonstrated with the King of Qi many times, and tried his best to save the State of Qi, which was at home and abroad. In the foreign struggle, he was flexible and principled, and he was not humiliated when he went abroad, thus defending the national dignity and prestige of Qi. Zhuge Liang once praised Yan Ying in Song of Fu Liang, saying, "Power can row the south mountain, but literature can never be found on the ground. Once slandered, two peaches kill three scholars. Who can do this, the country will be harmonious. " Sima Qian admired Yan Ying even more. He said with emotion in Historical Records and Biography of Yan Guan: "If I let Yan Zi exist, I will whip him and pray for him." When Yan Ying's stepfather was appointed as Qing (the powerful chief executive), it was the last years of Qi Linggong. At this time, Qi was no longer the era when Guan Zhong was the prime minister. The position of the central plains hegemon has long changed, and its national strength is also declining. It happened that this Qi Linggong was fatuous, eccentric, cowardly, and militaristic, and repeatedly invaded the territory of Lu, making the country weak and tired, and the people complained bitterly. Although Yan Ying suggested it, it was rarely adopted by Qi Linggong. In October of the seventeenth year of Zhou Lingwang (555 BC), the State of Jin led the army of governors to attack the State of Qi. Qi led the troops to resist in Pingyin (now northeast of Tiqi Pingyin County). As a result, he fled in defeat and died the next year. After the death of Duke Ling of Qi, Qi Zhuanggong succeeded to the throne. This Qi Zhuanggong is also a bad king. He only values courage, regardless of morality. He established the title of "Warrior" in China, and used warriors such as Zhi Chuo and Guo Zui to inspire people's martial spirit. In this way, some hooligans, bullies and bullies are unscrupulous inside and outside the court, doing whatever they want, closing their doors and leaving themselves to fend for themselves. As a prime minister, Yan Ying watched the atmosphere of Qi go from bad to worse, and was worried because of his complaints at home and abroad. He has repeatedly persuaded Duke Zhuang of Qi to make a trip of courtesy with courage, instead of standing up and beating him by coercion and inducement. However, Qi Zhuanggong just wouldn't listen. When he found that Qi Zhuanggong was not a person who listened to advice, he tossed and turned and was worried.

In fact, after Qi Zhuanggong ascended the throne, his first consideration was how to use foreign troops to establish martial arts, so as to enhance his prestige and consolidate his position. So instead of listening to Yan Ying's persuasion, he gradually got bored. In the twentieth year of Zhou Lingwang (552 BC), Qi Zhuanggong refused to listen to Yan Ying's dissuasion, insisted on taking in Xia Qing Luan Ying of the State of Jin, secretly sent Luan Ying and his followers to Quwo (south of Quwo Town, Shan County, Henan Province) to organize rebellion and seize the opportunity to attack the State of Jin. Soon after, despite Yan Ying's dissuasion, he still went his own way and finally angered the State of Jin. Yan Ying had no choice but to confiscate valuables from her home, and the others were scattered around her. He took his wife and children to a small village on the coast of the East China Sea. While fishing and ploughing for a living, he paid close attention to the changes in the situation.

In May of the 24th year of Zhou Lingwang (548 BC), the State of Jin joined forces with other governors to cut Qi, and Qi was in a panic. At this moment, Qi Zhuanggong's affair with Tang Jiang, the wife of big noble Cui Yao, was discovered by Cui Yao. So Cui Yao decided to take the opportunity to kill Zhuang Gong and explain to the State of Jin. On this day, Qi Zhuanggong gave a banquet in honor of Li, the monarch of Ju State who came to pay tribute, and invited ministers to come to the table. Cui Yao said he was ill; Qi Zhuanggong not only didn't blame, but secretly thanked himself for meeting Tang Jiang again. After the banquet, Duke Zhuang of Qi, on the grounds of visiting the sick, went to Cui Yi's house to have a private meeting with Tang Jiang, and was immediately shot and killed by Tu Yong who had ambushed him at home in advance. Yan Ying heard that Qi Zhuanggong was killed by Cui Yao, and regardless of his personal safety, he resolutely went to Qidu with his entourage to pay his respects to Zhuanggong. Yan Ying came to Cui Jue's house, and the servant around him asked him anxiously, "Will you die for the monarch?" Yan Ying said, "Is it my own monarch, and I should die for him?" The servant said, "Then why don't we run away?" Yan Ying said, "The death of the monarch is my sin. Should I run away?" "Then let's go back?" Ying said, "The monarch is dead. Where am I going? As the Lord of all peoples, do you just use your position to override the people? Should preside over state affairs, as a monarch's liegeman, is it just to get a salary? Should defend the country! Therefore, the monarch died for his country, so the liegeman should also die for him; The monarch fled for his country, and his deputies should flee with him. If the monarch only dies for his own selfish desires and flees for his personal affairs, who dares to take responsibility, die for him and flee for him if he is not the one he loves? But where can I go now? " After that, Yingying went into Cui's house, took off her hat, beat her chest, threw herself on her body in despair, cried bitterly, and then got up and left. Cui Yao wanted to kill Yan Ying. Cui Yao hated Yan Ying originally, but on second thought, he said to the people around him, "He is the one the people look up to. If I kill him, I will lose the hearts of the people. " After Cui Yao killed Qi Zhuanggong; Celebrating another big noble, Chu Jiu, Qi Zhuanggong's half-brother, was elected as the monarch. This is Qi Jinggong. In order to consolidate power; In order to establish his prestige, he rushed all the ministers of the Qing Dynasty to the Taigong Temple, sent thousands of soldiers and horses inside and outside, and forced everyone to swear allegiance and obey him. The slightest violation of the law will be executed. Seven people have died, and the atmosphere is terrible. It's Yan Zi's turn. Everyone held their breath and stared at Yan Zi. I saw Yan Zi calmly pick up a glass dripping with blood; He lamented to the sky with indignation: "Damn it! Cui Shu couldn't kill the king. Anyone who is a tiger, an accomplice or an abuser will die a natural death! " Say and drink off, glared at Cui Yao and others. Cui Yao became angry from embarrassment and raised his sword against Yan Ying's chest, asking him to swear again. Without fear, Yan Ying replied sharply: "No matter whether you behead with a knife or pierce your chest with a sword, I, Yan Ying, will never give in!" Cui Yao was so angry that she was about to start work. At this time, a confidant around him whispered to him: "Never! You killed the landlord because he was helpless, and the people of China didn't react very well. If you kill Yan Ying, you will be in trouble. " Cui Yao was helpless and glared at Ying to leave.

practise

1. There are some words in the explanation sentence.

(1) When Gong Jing was in its prime, it rained for three days. Ji _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

(2) there is a room. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

(3) People dressed in fox white are sitting on the sidelines. It's _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

2. Translation:

(1) You know when you are full, when you are warm, you know when you are cold, and when you are idle, you know when you are tired.

_______________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________.

(2) Yan Zi can understand what he wants and Gong Jing can do what he likes.

_______________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________ .

4. Why did Gong Jing listen to Yan Zi's words? "Being hungry and cold is life." ?

5. What does Gong Jing's smile mean?

6. According to the content of the article, explain specifically what Confucius said.

Reference answer

1.( 1) Ji, it cleared up.

(2) for a period of time.

(3) Tong: Same as "wearing" and wearing.

2.( 1) You don't know the hunger of others until you are full, the cold of others until you are warm, and the hard work of others until you are comfortable. Now the king doesn't know anyone else

(2) Yan Zi can clarify his wishes, and Gong Jing can implement the moral policies he has realized.

4. Taking the ancient sage as an example, Yan Zi used "irony" to let Gong Jing know that he was pampered and didn't know that the people were hungry and cold. Yan Zi's words made Gong Jing feel ashamed.

Gong Jing's smile clumsily covered up his gaffes.

Revelation: In a comfortable lifestyle, we should learn to put ourselves in other people's shoes, know other people's thoughts and needs, and not pursue our own self-interest, but only our own satisfaction.

Irony: Persuade euphemistically by means of hints and metaphors.

6. This sentence is a compliment to Yan Zi and Qi Jinggong. Yan Zi can skillfully tell Qi Jinggong his suggestion, while Qi Jinggong can quickly accept it and respond accordingly according to Yan Zi's suggestion. There are four modes here, one is king mode, the other is courtier mode, the other is persuasion mode and the other is training mode.