Urgent! The history of Kunming

Kunming is the capital of Yunnan Province with a history of more than 2,400 years. It is the center of politics, economy, culture, science and technology and transportation in Yunnan Province, and it is also a famous historical and cultural city and an excellent tourist city in China.

The history of Kunming can be traced back to 277 BC, when Zhuang, a general of Chu State, kicked off Yunnan, and was cut off from his way home because of Qin's attack on Chu State, leaving a story of "changing its customs". In A.D. 109, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty made Chang Qiang king of Yunnan and established Yizhou County. In 225 AD, Zhuge Liang conquered Dianchi Lake and rebuilt Ning County, which was occupied by cuan clan. In 769 AD, Nanzhao was destroyed, and Kunming was called Tuodongcheng. In A.D. 1254, the Yuan Army conquered Dali and renamed it "Kunming". Yunnan province has the largest number of ethnic minorities, with 25 ethnic minorities. In Kunming, the provincial capital, all ethnic groups live in harmony and feel like a family. Festivals of all ethnic groups will be celebrated, so Kunming is also the city with the most festivals. There are many Han people in Kunming, and their customs and habits are basically the same as those in other places.

Kunming is also a gathering place for natural and cultural landscapes. The long history and unique geological structure have left many cultural relics and scenic spots for Kunming. Kunming is a developing international tourist city. At present, it has become a multi-functional tourist attraction with the World Expo as the center and integrating natural scenery and ethnic customs.

From the opening of Chujiangzhuang to Yunnan in the Warring States Period, to the establishment of the capital in Kunming in the Han, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and then to the overthrow of the feudal monarchy and the change of dynasties in the Revolution of 1911, it left a large number of historical sites for Kunming, which lasted for more than 2,300 years. There are more than 200 cultural relics protection units announced by people's governments at all levels. Among them, there are 5 national-level projects.

As far back as the Paleolithic Age 30,000 years ago, there were human beings in Dianchi Lake area (now Longtan Mountain in Chenggong), which is one of the birthplaces of human beings. In the third century BC (Warring States Period), Chu Jiangzhuang opened Yunnan and built a city, and established the Kingdom of Yunnan in Jinning today, which lasted for 300 years. Kunming was an earlier ancient capital. BC 109 (Western Han Dynasty), Hanwu opened Yunnan, and its territory extended to Yunnan, with Yizhou County as the center and Kunming as Guchang County, with 24 counties under its jurisdiction. During the Shu and Han Dynasties, Zhuge Liang led the army to conquer Kezhou County, renamed Jianning County, and the Sui Dynasty changed to Zhou Kun. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the local governments of Nanzhao and Dali built and expanded the East City here, set up a government office and changed it to Tokyo and Shangdu (the capital), which lasted for 490 years. In A.D. 1275, the Yuan Dynasty established Zhongshu Province and Zhongqing Road in Yunnan, with Kunming County as the capital of Zhongqing Road, and moved the ruling center of Yunnan from Dali to Kunming, which became the political, economic and cultural center of the province. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhongqing Road was changed to Yunnan Prefecture, which lasted until the end of Qing Dynasty. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Qing soldiers entered Shanhaiguan and captured Beijing, and the rest of the peasant uprising army led by Zhang retreated to Kunming, implementing a set of political, economic and cultural systems, which affected the national situation 12 years. During the Southern Ming Dynasty, Kunming became the "capital of Yunnan" of Wang Guangxi Li Yong regime.

19 19, the "Chongyang Uprising" broke out in Kunming, overthrowing the rule of the Qing Dynasty in Yunnan and abolishing Yunnan Province, and Kunming County remained the seat of the provincial capital. 1928, Kunming was formally established. From the early years of the Republic of China to the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, a series of reforms and urban construction were carried out in education, social fashion, finance and so on, which promoted the modernization of Kunming.

During the Anti-Japanese War, all walks of life in Yunnan and Kunming actively supported the Anti-Japanese War, and the people of the whole city enthusiastically supported it. Yunnan troops went to the front line of the Anti-Japanese War and made great achievements. Due to the fall of a large area of land, many factories, institutions, universities, scientific research institutions and financial institutions in the mainland and coastal areas moved south to Kunming, which set off the climax of the anti-Japanese national salvation movement, and Kunming became the anti-Japanese rear area and "democratic fortress". With the help of all kinds of talents, technology and funds in Kunming, the economic, social and cultural undertakings in Kunming developed rapidly during this period, and the development of urban modernization accelerated. 1949 Yunnan was peacefully liberated. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the people's government, the development of Kunming has entered a new era.

Although Kunming is located in the border, as a famous historical and cultural city, it has formed a special atmosphere of attracting and emerging talents since ancient times. During the Anti-Japanese War, it once became a gathering place for elites from all walks of life in the country and a strategic rear for the rise and fall of the country. Zheng He, who made seven voyages to the West, Mao Lan, who made great contributions to Chinese medicine by writing herbs in southern Yunnan, Qian Feng, a poet and painter, Cai E, a leading figure of "protecting the country first", and Nie Er, the author of March of the Volunteers; It has trained outstanding scientists such as Li Zhengdao, Yang Zhenning, Deng Jiaxian and Zhu Guangya. A large number of modern intellectual elites such as Hua, Qian Zhongshu, Xiong Qinglai, Wen Yiduo, Zhu Ziqing, Zhou Peiyuan and Wu Han also gathered here.