Haze protection outdoor protection

To control smog and air pollution, everyone can contribute something in work and life; Foreign experience tells us that air pollution can be controlled, but it really can't be solved overnight; In the face of air pollution, everyone needs to think about their own countermeasures, collect information from all sides, learn necessary knowledge and choose feasible measures. No matter what risks people face, people will choose to avoid them first.

Pay attention to the pollution situation: always pay attention to the air pollution monitoring data of the city and be alert to the high pollution weather and time.

Adjust travel: avoid staying outdoors for a long time in foggy days and reduce outdoor activities; For office workers, especially those who have to work outdoors, it is also feasible to choose to use protective masks.

Close doors and windows: Try not to open windows in foggy days. If you really need to open the window for ventilation, you should try to avoid the peak period of smog. You can open the window for a short time and choose to use indoor air purification equipment.

Avoid crowds: Avoid main roads in foggy days, and try not to go to crowded places, such as supermarkets, shopping malls, hospitals, etc. Poor air circulation can easily lead to cross-infection of respiratory diseases.

Stop outdoor sports: don't engage in outdoor sports, stop long-distance running exercise, etc. It is especially suitable for patients with cardiovascular diseases and the elderly and infirm.

Try to quit smoking: Smoking is worse in smoggy weather. In the case of incomplete combustion, a large number of fine particles belonging to the category of PM2.5 will be produced, which will seriously endanger the health of smokers themselves and those who inhale "second-hand smoke".

Wear a mask: Wearing a mask can filter the air entering the lungs to a certain extent, but it is impossible for people to wear a mask all the time, and not everyone is suitable to wear a mask. Moreover, attention should be paid to choosing effective protective masks and using them correctly.

A mask with respiratory protection function should have sufficient filtration efficiency for pollutants and be worn with sufficient tightness to the face. As a whole, the mask can effectively isolate the polluted air outside the mask, so that the wearer can inhale the air filtered by the mask as much as possible, and the resistance is not too great, which is harmful to people and has acceptable comfort.

Disposable medical masks are only used to cover the mouth and nose of the mask wearer to prevent droplets (which may contain bacteria and viruses) from entering the environment, thus playing a role in protecting others. They are not used for respiratory protection, and have no respiratory protection effect on fine particles such as bacteria and PM2.5; Although the gauze mask is relatively thick, for example, the thickness is increased to 8 layers or even 12 layers, the shielding effect is even less because the gap of the gauze itself is relatively large. More importantly, the structural design of disposable medical masks and gauze masks can't fit the face effectively, and particles can easily leak from the unsealed edges of the masks.

There are also some so-called PM2.5 masks, which adopt plug-in filter design, and claim that their mask filters can effectively filter PM2.5 particles, and the filtering effect is higher than 99%. However, their filters are so small that they can't cover the whole mask at all. If the filter inserted in this mask is pulled out, a piece of airtight paper or plastic of the same size is cut out in the mask, and then the mask is put on, the user can still breathe smoothly. This shows that the air will not filter PM2.5 particles through the high-resistance filter as claimed by the manufacturer of this mask. In fact, air, like water, will bypass obstacles and choose places with low resistance, so the protective effect of wearing this mask can be imagined.

There are mandatory product certification standards for particulate matter protective masks at home and abroad, and the protective objects of such masks completely cover the particle size range of PM2.5 particles. For example, the Chinese national standard GB2626-2006, the American standard NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health) 42 CFR 84 (N95 mask is one of the masks certified by this standard), and the European standard EN 149-200 1 have strict requirements on the particle filtration efficiency and respiratory resistance of masks. The particle size used to test the filtration efficiency of the mask is about 0.3 microns in aerodynamic equivalent diameter, which proves to be the most difficult to filter, while PM2.5 refers to particles with aerodynamic equivalent diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microns in ambient air. The standard of this kind of professional protective masks not only strictly controls the efficiency of filtering particles, but also tests the masks worn on the face to simulate the tightness of the masks in actual use, so as to ensure that the structure of the masks is also reasonable in design. At present, the anti-particle masks certified by these standards are mainly used for occupational respiratory protection in the workplace, such as cutting, grinding, welding, pharmaceutical and medical protection.

When wearing these masks, be sure to pay attention to the tightness. We must tie them on the bridge of the nose according to the instructions of the mask manufacturer, so that the edge of the mask matches the face. If the sealing property is not achieved, PM2.5 particles will leak from the non-sealing place, and the protection effect will not be achieved.

However, it should be reminded that this anti-particle mask has a good protective effect, but the closer the mask is to the face, the better the filtration efficiency and the higher the respiratory resistance. Children, the elderly, patients with cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases, especially those with impaired respiratory function, should use it with caution. Generally speaking, the air quality inside the car is worse than that of ordinary air pollution 10-20 times. Therefore, the poor air quality in the car is bound to pose a serious threat to the health of drivers and passengers, so in this sense, it is also necessary to prevent smog in the car. Pollution can be avoided from the following points:

First, pay attention to car habits.

1, drivers should open the window first after getting on the bus, and don't turn on the air conditioner immediately: drivers should open the window first after getting on the bus, and don't turn on the air conditioner immediately. This is because a large number of chemical pollutants will not only accumulate in the filter screen and pipeline system of air conditioners, but also the biological pollution problems such as mites and molds will increase. Therefore, you should open the window first after getting on the bus, turn on the air conditioner for 3 ~ 5 minutes and then close the window. In addition, it should be noted that in the case of driving a vehicle for a long time, windows should also be opened for ventilation in the middle.

After buying a new car for a period of time, try to open the doors and windows, extend the convection time of the inside and outside air, and let the harmful air evaporate as soon as possible.

2. Open the skylight: Experiments show that automobile exhaust is mainly concentrated at the height below 2000px from the ground, and the density of automobile exhaust is much lower when it exceeds 1 meter high. The height of the skylight is flush with the roof, mostly exceeding 1.4 meters, so even if there is traffic jam, the air coming in from the skylight is much cleaner than that coming in from the side window.

3. Reduce smoking in the car: Experiments have proved that the pm2.5 pollution index produced by smoking a cigarette in a closed car is more than 4,000 units, and its value is hundreds of times different from that before smoking. Therefore, reducing smoking in the car is an important reason to ensure the bad environment in the car.

4. Reasonable selection of internal and external circulation: because the vehicle is equipped with internal and external circulation mode of air conditioner. In the case of good road conditions and fresh air, citizens can use the external circulation mode, and in the case of traffic jams and serious exhaust emissions, they can use the internal circulation mode.

It should be noted that when turning on the air conditioner and warm air, do not use the in-vehicle circulation mode for a long time.

5. Clean the air conditioning system regularly: The most fundamental way to improve the air quality inside the car is to clean the air conditioning system. "Clean the air-conditioning pipes regularly and use maintenance products to sterilize the car, such as air-conditioning cleaning agents.

6. Sunbathing: In winter, most car owners close their windows tightly every day for fear of a little wind entering the car. In fact, this almost closed environment is easy to breed bacteria, thus affecting the health of people in the car. Therefore, when the vehicle is parked, the owner can put the car in the sun and then open all the windows for ventilation, which can not only achieve a good sterilization effect, but also make the air inside the car fresh.

In addition, cars should avoid direct exposure to the sun for a long time in summer, so that toxic and harmful gases can breed and release.

7. Reduce travel in foggy days: Under moderate foggy weather conditions, unnecessary outdoor activities should be reduced. When visibility is poor, we should pay more attention to traffic safety and try to open fewer windows. Don't use window ventilation when driving.

8. When encountering serious traffic jams or vehicles with large exhaust emissions, the windows should be temporarily closed, and the air conditioner or heater switch should be temporarily switched to the in-vehicle self-circulation mode.

9. It is very important to clean and test the air quality inside the car regularly and maintain the air inside the car.

10, don't use irritating fragrance or perfume, increase unnecessary pollution sources, just treat the symptoms, not the root cause, and try to ask professional cleaning institutions to carry out comprehensive and thorough cleaning and disinfection.

Second, choose the filtering equipment.

You can use the filter screen of automobile air conditioner, which can absorb fine particles (such as dust, dust, etc.). ) floats outside the car and is invisible to the naked eye, and removes unpleasant smells and gas smells. After these fine particles enter the car, they may not only cause the passengers in the car to be allergic, but also mold and breed bacteria in the air conditioning system (HVAC system), thus causing the car to smell when heating or cooling the air conditioning system.

Automotive air conditioning filter can not only eliminate these odors in one fell swoop, but also eliminate the allergic problems (such as tears, itching and other symptoms) brought by fine particles to drivers and passengers. The combined filter can also filter the exhaust gas emitted by cars and tractors, thus cutting off the source of odor entering the car and keeping the air inside the car fresh at all times.

In addition, the automobile air conditioning filter also has the function of effectively protecting the automobile air conditioning system. From the comparison of the following two pictures, we can clearly see the difference in air conditioning system (electric heating/cooling system) between the car with air conditioning filter and the car without this device. Vehicle mileage excluding automobile air conditioning filter: 200,000 kilometers; Vehicle mileage with automobile air conditioning filter: 240,000 kilometers; Vehicles without automobile air conditioning filters will continuously inhale air containing impurities from the outside, which will not only make the air conditioning system moldy and produce odor, but also reduce the heating or cooling efficiency of the air conditioning system.

In order to prevent polluted air from entering the car, drivers and passengers are generally accustomed to setting the air conditioning system in the car to the internal circulation mode to prevent the inflow of external air. However, if the air conditioner in the car runs in the internal circulation mode for a long time, the oxygen content in the car will drop, which will make passengers feel tired and sleepy. In addition, this will also cause fog on the window glass. The use of automobile air conditioning filter will easily solve the above problems and ensure that passengers in the car can breathe fresh air from the outside.