Significance of popularization of cement concrete pavement in rural highway construction

Abstract: Cement concrete pavement is still one of the two main forms of highway pavement in China. By the end of 2005, there were 532,697 kilometers of paved roads in China, including 306,622 kilometers of cement concrete roads, accounting for 57.56%. On this basis, the state put forward the blueprint of "developing new countryside and connecting roads to every village". While our country is mainly rural, the development of rural areas in China has hardly been planned since ancient times. The terrain in the village is undulating and winding. Therefore, the construction of farmhouses is arbitrary. The middle road in the village is generally a naturally formed sidewalk, a dirt road that has been crushed by people or vehicles. Especially poor drainage. After rain or snowfall, the village has accumulated water for a long time and the roads are muddy, which seriously affects the travel and daily life of the villagers and seriously hinders the local economic development. This problem is almost universal in the vast rural areas. However, the asphalt concrete pavement of Cunzhong Road is seriously damaged due to poor drainage and long-term immersion in water. Moreover, in the provincial middle road project, the cost of asphalt concrete pavement is higher than that of cement concrete pavement Therefore, hydraulic concrete pavement will play an irreplaceable role in adapting to rural natural conditions and human environment in the development planning of "village-to-village highway". However, due to the relatively backward production culture in rural areas, the awareness of the maintenance of the built roads is relatively weak, and the built roads have not played their expected role well, resulting in unnecessary waste of resources.

Keywords: cement concrete pavement water affects the cost of construction technology

I personally participated in the reconstruction or new construction of roads in some villages around Hohhot, and made a detailed investigation and study on all aspects of specific projects from the aspects of engineering survey and design, engineering bidding, construction team building, quality inspection during construction, and project completion acceptance. Combined with the rural road construction projects around Hohhot, this paper discusses the significance of popularizing cement concrete pavement in rural road construction.

1 rural highway construction environment

1. 1 natural construction environment

In the preliminary investigation of the project, the environment of most rural areas around Hohhot was investigated. To sum up, there are the following aspects: First, there is a most remarkable feature in the rural areas around Hohhot and even the vast rural areas in China, that is, there is almost no concept of planning in the development and construction of rural areas in China since ancient times. The construction of cottages in the village is particularly random, and the roads in the village are just natural passages or dirt roads that are often crushed by walking or vehicles. The terrain in the village is uneven, the roads are winding, the width is different, the alignment is extremely complicated, and there are many dead ends in the survey and design, so it is impossible to develop the line.

Second, there are almost no drainage facilities in general rural areas. After rain or snowfall, roads are muddy with water for a long time, and serious places have a serious impact on villagers' travel and daily life. Serious places will make roads impassable after rain (such as Gartu in Hohhot and near leather factories), which will become a major obstacle to local economic development.

1.2 human environment

The vast rural production culture is relatively backward, the income is relatively low, and the road construction funds are relatively lacking. The education level in rural areas is relatively low, and the understanding of planning and design, environmental protection and sustainable development is far from enough. There is a lack of understanding of the rational use of the built roads, such as poor drainage, heavy truck function, being used as a place to beat and dry wheat in autumn, etc. , leading to the poor use of many built rural roads.

2 outstanding advantages of cement concrete pavement in the construction of village middle road

2. 1 cement concrete pavement can better adapt to the current rural environmental conditions. The general climate in Inner Mongolia is characterized by sudden rise of temperature in spring, windy, short and hot summer, concentrated precipitation, sudden drop of temperature in autumn, early frost, long and cold winter and frequent cold wave weather. The natural conditions around Hohhot are harsh, especially the drainage in the village is not smooth, and the water accumulation in the village is more serious after the rain and snow.

In this case, if asphalt pavement is used, it is most likely to appear: ① high temperature softens in summer, resulting in large rutting and water immersion erosion; ② Winter and spring cause frost heaving and frost boiling. As we all know, water damage is one of the important causes of asphalt pavement damage. Cement concrete pavement is a kind of rigid pavement, which has the characteristics of high stiffness, good integrity and high density. As long as the quality of subgrade can be well controlled in construction, it will have a good performance in rural environment.

2.2 Cement concrete pavement construction is convenient.

In the new construction and reconstruction projects of villages, formed sidewalks and dirt roads are generally used as subgrade with good compactness. The general design is to lay a certain thickness of sand cushion on it, and then concrete surface layer. The mixing site of cement concrete can be built nearby, which can shorten the transportation distance of concrete, provide convenience for construction and save costs. Road construction in the village is short of professional and technical personnel, and the construction technology of ordinary cement concrete is relatively easy to control. However, asphalt concrete generally needs a special professional mixing station, which is generally far away from the construction site and is inconvenient for rural road transportation. Therefore, it is not suitable for transporting asphalt concrete. In addition, in the process of asphalt concrete pavement construction, a large number of testing items need to be done, and these testing equipment are expensive and need professional technicians.

2.3 The construction of cement concrete roads conforms to the present situation of rural economy. Generally, only agricultural vehicles are used on the roads in the village, and the load of vehicles is relatively light. Therefore, the design of the village middle road is also relatively simple. Generally, the subgrade is paved with 20 ~30cm gravel cushion by using the formed service road or dirt road. Generally, the pavement is C30 cement concrete, and the width of the pavement is about 5m. Through the investigation and comparison of some representative roads, it is found that the cost of each road in the village middle road is about 550 thousand. Compared with asphalt concrete pavement, the cost is saved by about 20%. At present, the government funding for the construction of village middle road can only account for about 20% of the cost, and most of the funds are raised by the local government and the transportation bureau under its jurisdiction. However, the development of rural economy is relatively backward, and the funds for the construction of middle roads in villages are relatively lacking. Under this condition, it is suitable to build cement concrete pavement with relatively low cost for village roads.

To sum up, cement concrete pavement will be widely used in the construction and reconstruction of rural roads in Hohhot, and will play an irreplaceable role. In order to make this point of view widely popularized, we have consulted a large number of materials and compared it with the rural highway construction environment in other provinces in China (Gansu, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Chongqing and Henan). It is found that although the climate in different regions is quite different, they all have a common feature: poor planning, insufficient drainage facilities and lack of funds. Therefore, cement concrete pavement has outstanding advantages in the planning and construction of village roads and low-grade roads, and should be considered as the first choice. In addition, rural highway construction should establish a unified supervision and quality inspection mechanism as soon as possible, and strengthen the publicity of road protection awareness. Thereby improving the service quality of the road and prolonging the service life of the road. This makes it more applicable and economical to build rural roads with cement concrete roads.