When is the best month to start raising geese!

Any month is fine, please pay attention to the following points.

Improve the survival rate of geese Goose has thin fur, poor ability to adjust the external temperature, and imperfect digestive organs and functions, so it is weak in constitution and poor in disease resistance, which often leads to a large number of goslings' deaths due to improper feeding and management. Therefore, the cultivation of goslings is the key link in raising geese. It is necessary to choose healthy and strong goslings, make good preparations for brooding, scientifically formulate goslings' feed, reasonably arrange feeding times, and do a good job in health and epidemic prevention. Inject goslings with anti-gosling plague serum, keep the feed fresh, the drinking water clean, the henhouse clean and dry, and clean the feeding trough and drinking fountain every day. Adding oxytetracycline, norfloxacin or olaquindox to feed for preventive administration has obvious effect on preventing and treating gosling diseases.

The goslings are grouped reasonably, the geese aged 30 ~ 80 days are fattened quickly, and a large number of green feed and complete feed are used for grazing. Before fattening, goslings should be divided into 2 ~ 3 groups according to their size and physical strength, so as to achieve the balance of geese in a short time. After grouping, goslings should choose effective and low-toxic anthelmintics such as levamisole, albendazole or abamectin in time to drive away parasites in their bodies. Grazing and fattening can save feeding costs and improve breeding efficiency, but it must be supplemented reasonably; Fattening in barns requires comprehensive nutrition and good palatability. Trace elements, vitamins and anti-disease drugs should also be supplemented regularly and quantitatively. Don't fill the feed into the trachea for fattening, but supplement enough drinking water and green feed after feeding. The suitable temperature for feeding is 10℃ ~ 25℃, and it is not suitable for feeding in high temperature season over 25℃.

Timely listing

Small and medium-sized geese are raised from 70 days to 90 days, with a live weight of 2.5 kg to 3.5 kg, and excellent commercial geese are raised from 65 days to 80 days, with a live weight of 3.0 kg to 4.0 kg. If artificial live hair removal is carried out during the extended feeding period, the benefit can be improved. Selling live geese has the lowest income. Down is many times more expensive than meat, fatty liver is dozens of times more expensive than meat, goose tongue and goose web are all more expensive than meat, and viscera and blood are also very valuable. Therefore, we should be market-oriented and strive to improve processing value and income. Get the best benefit.

Rapid fattening technology

Fast fattening meat geese should choose large and fast-growing hybrid goslings such as Lionhead Goose and Rhine Goose. Goslings can be fattened quickly when they are raised to 45 days old. There are three common fattening methods:

Grazing and fattening method is the most economical and practical fattening method for geese, which mainly uses the residual particles after harvest for grazing and fattening. It is necessary to know the harvest season of local crops and raise young children in advance. Find a good grazing grassland and graze all the way with the harvest time. By the end of the harvest, the geese have been fattened and put on the market as soon as possible.

Putting the 45-day-old geese in the fattening goose house and feeding them in dark light can limit their activities and reduce energy consumption, and feed them with carbohydrate-rich feed, such as corn and oil crops. In this way, geese can get fat quickly as long as they are kept in captivity for 15 to 20 days.

Feeding fattening method: add water to the mixed feed and stir it into dry mud, and let it stand for 3-4 hours. After the feed is completely softened, it is made into strips with a diameter of about 1.5 cm. Then put the goose's body upright with both legs, hold the back of the goose's head with his left hand, separate the upper and lower beaks with his thumb and forefinger, and force the food bar into the goose's esophagus with his right hand. Gently push each one along the esophagus with your hand to help the goose swallow it. 3 ~ 4 times a day. After each feeding, the geese are put into a quiet goose house to drink and rest. From the age of 10 to the age of 15, the fat deposition in the goose increased and the fattening was completed. Feed for raising geese needs rich protein and high energy. The stuffing for feeding geese can refer to the following formula (%): corn 50-55, rice bran 20-25, bean cake 5-7, wheat bran 10- 15, fish meal 2-3, salt 0.5, fine sand 0.3 and vitamin complex 0. 1. Feeding amount: 1 ~ 3 days 200 ~ 250g; 300g ~ 350g； on the 4th ~ 5th day; 400g-450g； on the 6th-7th day; From day 8 to 10, it is 500g to 550g600g from day 1 1 day to day 15.

breeding technology

The feeding methods of geese are usually divided into natural feeding and artificial feeding. The fertilization rate of naturally bred geese mating in water is higher than that mating on land, so the goose farm is equipped with a water sports pool. The water in the sports pool is preferably tap water. If it is still water, change it frequently and try to keep it clean. Natural reproduction is divided into large group reproduction and small group reproduction. Large-scale feeding: that is, male geese and female geese are raised together in a certain proportion, so that each goose has a chance to mate freely. It is suitable for general goose farms and is widely used by most farmers. Small group feeding: that is, only one male goose and a small group of female geese are raised in a single pen or sports ground (pool) according to an appropriate male-female ratio. The artificial breeding method of geese is as follows: (1) sperm collection: firstly, the ideal male goose should be selected and massaged by hand for 3 ~ 5 times. If the male goose ejaculates well, it can be used as the object of sperm collection. Sperm collection should be carried out before grazing. The specific method is: the palm of the sperm collector's left hand is down, the five fingers are separated, the palm is close to the back of the male goose, and it is slowly massaged back and forth from the wing root to the tail, while the right hand massages the soft part behind the abdomen rhythmically, gradually squeezing the cloaca of the male goose. After repeating this for 4 ~ 5 times, the male goose's penis will erect and ejaculate, and another person will receive semen in a clean cup (about 5 ml ~ 10 ml). (2) Insemination: The collected semen must be diluted with sterilized physiological saline according to 1: 1 or 1: 2. Before insemination, the goose can be fixed on a stool. After washing the anus with normal saline, you can gently press the lower edge of the cloaca with your thumb to open it. Then insert the sperm-diluted insemination device into the goose vagina to a depth of 5 cm to 7 cm, and input semen 0. 1 ml every 5 to 6 days 1 time. Double the first insemination, and check the semen before insemination.

Select fine varieties to plant grass and raise geese in time.

Selection of improved varieties: Sichuan White Goose, Yangzhou Goose, Longchang Goose, Xupu Goose, Huo Yan Goose, Lionhead Goose, and Yarlung Zangbo Goose, which are commercial geese bred by crossing with local geese for many times, are typical new goose varieties with multiple functions of meat, eggs, down, liver and skin.

Planting grass and raising geese In order to raise geese in four seasons, a certain area of perennial grass can be arranged, such as clover, Rumex, wild pea, grain amaranth and so on. To raise geese in winter, perennial grasses can be sown in early autumn, such as winter grazing ryegrass in Gramineae, wild peas, Chinese milk vetch, alfalfa and carrots in Leguminosae.

In winter, geese need to supplement silage because of the slow growth of pasture. In autumn, in addition to perennial grass, geese can also be fed with pumpkins, surplus grain after rice harvest and sweet potatoes.

Male geese are castrated and fattened.

The castration time is usually July-August. Male geese should be healthy and disease-free Goose takes about 5 months and weighs 4.5 kg ~ 5.0 kg. The castration tools used are relatively simple: scalpel (which can also be replaced by razor), wound expanding hook (which can be made by yourself: a thin bamboo piece with a length of 10 cm ~ 15 cm, with a small hook at each end), testicular support spoon (available in pharmaceutical factory) and testicular sleeve (just put iron wire and nylon wire in the middle of the brush tube), and drugs should be used before using the tools.

The castration method is to put the castrated goose wings together at the back, and take the right lying ground as Baoding (the ground should be clean and sterile). The operator holds the wing tip with his right foot, and the assistant holds the wing root with one hand and fixes the neck with the other. The incision is located between the left penultimate rib and the second rib, 2 cm ~ 3 cm away from the dorsal midline and about 0.5 cm deep. When you see the peritoneum, use the expansion hook to open the incision into a prismatic shape, and slowly open the peritoneum with the hook on the surgical handle (if you use a shaving blade, you can put two wires in the peritoneum first, and then lift the peritoneum before cutting) to prevent the incision from being too deep and too fierce to hurt the intestine. Then push down the rectum with a testicular spoon to fully expose the testicles. Hold the testicular spoon with your left hand and cover the bottom of the testis with your right hand. Cooperate with your hands, gently twist and take out the testicles. In the same way, find and remove another testicle below the same position. Finally, remove the expansion hook to reset the muscle, and the incision can heal itself without suture.

Precautions: When the weather is hot, give the male goose enough water before the operation, and then perform the operation. Male geese can't go into the water for 3 days after operation. Individual patients who are weak and do not eat after operation should be fed with artificial supplementary liquid feed.

Prevention and treatment of common diseases in geese

Gosling plague

The disease is an acute septic infectious disease of goslings. Sick geese show symptoms such as listlessness, food waste, diarrhea and ataxia. Generally, it has occurred in 3 ~ 5 days after hatching, which can spread to the whole flock, and geese after 1 month generally do not occur. The typical pathological change is that the small intestine forms an embolus to block the intestine.

Symptomatic diseases can be divided into three types: the most acute, acute and subacute. 1, the most acute type: sudden death for unknown reasons. Most of them occur in goslings within 1 week. 2. Acute type: mental fatigue, food waste, severe diarrhea, yellow-white or yellow-green defecation, etc. , a course of treatment 1 day ~ 2.

Neurological symptoms appeared a few days before death, mostly in goslings of 1 ~ 2 weeks old. 3. Subacute type: It mostly occurs in geese over 2 weeks old, with poor spirit, no eating, diarrhea and defecation. Some geese will heal themselves.

Prevention and control measures 1. Use gosling plague vaccine twice before laying eggs for about 1 month, so that the eggs contain maternal antibodies, thus making goslings passively immune. 2. If the breeding geese are not injected with gosling plague vaccine, the newly hatched goslings should be injected with attenuated vaccine. For geese that have been vaccinated, the attenuated vaccine should be injected as appropriate according to the local epidemic situation. 3. The sick geese and the geese in the same group were prevented and treated with high immune anti-gosling plague serum.

Poultry cholera

Symptoms The disease is divided into three types: the most acute type, acute type and chronic type. 1, the most acute type: sudden death for unknown reasons, mostly in the early stage of the epidemic. 2. Acute type: The sick geese stood still with their eyes closed, dared not go into the water, drank too much water, became listless, lost appetite, and their stools were as thin as grass green. Their body temperature was 465,438+0℃ ~ 43℃, the course of disease was 2 ~ 3 days, and they died soon. 3. Chronic type: it mostly occurs in the late stage of disease epidemic, and geese are emaciated, diarrhea and arthritis.

Prevention and control measures 1, the epidemic area should be thoroughly disinfected before the outbreak to avoid the recurrence of the disease as much as possible. 2, found that the epidemic in a timely manner. Sulfonamides, olaquindox and antibiotics all have good effects. Generally, 0.02% compound sulfamethoxazole is mixed with feed, and the mixture of toxin and streptomycin is injected intramuscularly for 3 ~ 4 days, twice a day, which can basically control the disease.

paratyphoid

The symptoms of sick geese are diarrhea, feces are like clear water, and geese are getting weaker and weaker. Sick geese suffer from loss of appetite, diarrhea, fecal contamination of hindquarters, anal closure after drying up, and difficulty in excreting feces. Adult geese are chronic, mainly emaciation.

Prevention and control measures 1, pay attention to feeding management, do not feed rotten feed, eliminate geese with chronic diseases, pay attention to disinfection when hatching eggs from frequent areas, and strengthen feeding management of goslings. 2. It is effective for clean drinking water and substances mixed with enemy bacteria.

Taenia solium

The symptoms of sick geese are growth retardation, anemia, diarrhea, emaciation, loneliness and sporadic death.

Prevention and control measures 1, geese are regularly deworming. Adult geese should be deworming 1 time in spring and autumn every year, and their feces should be cleaned in time, as well as the aquatic plants they feed. 2. Strengthen feeding management and improve the disease resistance of geese. 3. The oral anti-creep effect of sick geese is good, and the dosage of 20 mg per kg body weight is 1 time.

Goose lice

Symptoms Goose lice suck blood, feathers and dander, but also hurt the skin, causing itching and anxiety of geese, leading to slow growth and emaciation of geese, and decreased egg production of adult geese.