Terrain and Climate of Longgang Volcano Group

Baishan city Longgang Volcano Group is located in the hinterland of Changbai Mountain, with numerous peaks, continuous ups and downs and criss-crossing valleys and rivers. Changbai Lava Platform and Jingyu Lava Platform cover most of the territory, and Longgang Mountain and Laoling Mountain obliquely cross the whole territory. Longgang mountain range is 800- 1200m above sea level, with a relative height of 500-700m. Laoling Mountain is high, with an altitude of 1000- 1300m and a relative height of 500-800m. Along the Yalu River, the terrain is undulating, the valley is deeply cut and the terrain is steep. Bai Yunfeng, the highest peak in Changbai Mountain, is 269 1 m above sea level, which is the highest peak in Northeast China. The lowest point is Pizhou Kouzi in Jingyu County, with an altitude of 279.3 meters. The main rivers are Yalu River, Toudao Songhua River, Erdao Songhua River and Hunjiang River. Baishan is a continental monsoon climate in the north temperate zone, which is the coldest area in Jilin Province. The temperature difference between day and night is large in spring; Summer is short, warm and rainy; Autumn is cool and sunny; Winter is long, dry and cold. The annual average temperature in urban areas is 4.6℃, the highest temperature in summer is 36.5℃, the lowest temperature in winter is -42.2℃, the annual average precipitation is 883.4 mm, the sunshine hours are 2259 hours, and the frost-free period is 140 days.

1. Wudalianchi volcano in Heilongjiang Province

It is generally believed that Wudalianchi Volcano Group consists of 14 volcanoes. If Lotus Mountain in the western part of Shanghuo Mountain is counted, Wudalianchi Volcano Group should be composed of 15 volcanoes, and the distribution area of volcanic rocks is more than 800 square kilometers. The eruption of Laoheishan and Yamakaji before1719 ~1721year ago, less than 300 years ago, is the most accurate active volcano in China with historical records and eruption time and place.

2. Jingbo Lake Volcano in Heilongjiang Province

The Holocene volcano in Jingbo Lake, Heilongjiang Province has 13 craters, all of which are compound volcanoes. It is speculated that the latest activity of the Holocene volcano in Jingbo Lake may be around 1000 years. Judging from the existing volcanic geological and chronological evidence, there is no objection to the Holocene volcanic eruption of Jingbo Lake.

3. Tianchi volcano in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province

Tianchi Volcano in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province is the best preserved Cenozoic multi-genetic composite volcano in China, with the main peak General Peak located in North Korea, with an altitude of 2,749 meters. Changbai Mountain has erupted many times in history. The Tianchi volcano eruption from 1 199 to 120 1 is the largest eruption in the world in recent 2000 years. At that time, volcanic ash was ejected as far away as the Sea of Japan and northern Japan.

4. Jilin Longgang volcano

There are more than 160 scattered low volcanic cones in Longgang Volcano Group located in huinan county, Jilin Province, showing the characteristics of high density and multi-center explosive eruption. Longgang volcano is one of the few Quaternary volcanoes in China that are still erupting in modern times.

5. Tengchong volcano in Yunnan

The Tengchong volcano in Yunnan, on the southwest border, is famous for Xu Xiake's recording of the eruption of Dayingshan volcano in 1609. Tengchong Volcano Area is the most obvious geothermal display area in China active volcano area. For example, the water temperature in the hot sea area is close to 100℃, and hydrothermal activity seems to be increasing in recent years, with many hydrothermal explosions.

6. Ashkule volcano in Xinjiang

Ashkule Volcano Group is located in the West Kunlun Mountain on the northwest edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, about120km south of Yutian County, Xinjiang. It consists of more than ten main volcanoes and dozens of auxiliary volcanoes. According to Xinjiang Daily on July 5 195 1, "At 9: 50 am on May 27, a volcanic eruption occurred in Dabanxigou, Kunlun, south of Subhas, Yutian County." This is also the first report on volcanic eruption since the founding of New China.

7. Datun Volcano and Kameyama Volcano on Taiwan Province Island.

Datun Volcano Group and Kameyama Island Volcano are located in the northwest and east waters of Taiwan Province Island respectively. Datun Volcano Group consists of more than 20 volcanoes of different sizes. There are many hot springs in the volcanic area, and the surface temperature can reach nearly 100℃. Guishan Island volcano is located on the western edge of the island arc of Sulphur Volcano. The volcanic terrain on the island is still quite complete, and the sulfur spray and hot spring activities of volcanic activity are also quite strong.

8. Hainan Qiongbei Volcano

Volcanic rocks cover an area of 7,300 square kilometers, with 177 recognizable craters, all below 300 meters above sea level. More than 30 craters in Shishan and Yongxing areas of Quaternary volcanic area in northern Hainan Island are obviously arranged in the northwest direction, forming a typical central volcanic group, which is the latest volcano in Qiongbei.