What is the impact of scientific meteorology in primary schools on crops?

2013-06-2415: 30: 44 Source: Weather Network Font: Large, medium and small rainy weather refers to the rainy weather that lasts for a long time from the Jianghuai Valley in China to southern Japan in late spring and early summer. So now is the season when plums in the south of the Yangtze River are yellow and ripe, so it is called Meiyu. During the Meiyu period, the air humidity is high, the sunshine time is short, and the ground wind is small, which affects the growth and normal harvest of crops, often leading to poor crop development and mildew of grain germination, and may also lead to floods.

Influence of Meiyu Disaster on Agricultural Production

First, the impact on rice production.

Rice is a swamp crop with strong waterlogging tolerance, but it may still be harmed by rainy weather. Meiyu weather generally lasts more than 1 month, with heavy rainfall, ground water accumulation, high air humidity and weak solar radiation. Double-cropping early rice is in the middle and late booting stage, with lush plants and poor air permeability, which is prone to sheath blight and other diseases. In addition, if it causes waterlogging, the harm is even greater. When waterlogging occurs at booting stage, some rice ears will die, although some rice ears are pulled out, there are many deformed rice, and there are no spikelets or empty ears. Flooding at heading stage, plant hypoxia, leading to premature root senescence, even rot, unable to absorb enough nutrients, premature leaf senescence, resulting in more white ears, deformed ears and chaff, which has a great impact on yield; In case of continuous rainy weather during rice maturity, rice ears will germinate due to excessive humidity in the field.

Second, the impact on vegetable production.

Vegetables are mostly xerophytes with weak waterlogging tolerance. If the rainy weather lasts too long, the vegetable seeds will be mildewed or lack of oxygen in the roots because of the excessive soil water content, and the energy conversion efficiency will be reduced, which will not provide enough energy for the roots to absorb water and fertilizer, resulting in slow plant growth and even death of the whole plant. If the weather is clear and the temperature rises sharply, transpiration will be strengthened, leaves will wither quickly and vegetable plants will generally die. 3. Impact on aquaculture: rainy season, less rain, less sunshine and humid air. A large amount of rainwater and various substances form surface water and flow into the aquaculture water body, which causes great changes in the aquaculture environment, and microorganisms of various diseases are active, which makes the water quality of the aquaculture water body prone to deterioration and anoxia, and fish diseases are prone to occur, and aquaculture objects are more prone to anoxia and disease.

Third, the defense of Meiyu disaster

(1) Repairing the drainage ditch in the field In areas with severe rainy weather, it is a very important measure to prevent water damage before the rainy season, which can drain the water on the soil surface and reduce the groundwater level.

(2) Improve the soil structure. Through reasonable cultivation measures, improving soil structure, enhancing soil permeability and weakening soil water-holding capacity are effective measures to reduce waterlogging damage. Applying more organic manure or composting directly with green manure can loosen soil, improve soil permeability and reduce wet damage. At the same time, timely intertillage can also improve soil physical properties.

(3) improve the cultivation methods

1 is a waterlogging-tolerant crop variety;

2. Adjust the sowing date and sowing date, so that the growth period most afraid of waterlogging can avoid the rainy season;

3. Ridge cultivation is suitable for dry crops;

4. Strengthen field management, fertilize seedlings and weed before rainy season;

This is the oxidation of water. (Pay attention to the rainy weather, please pay attention to the rainy topic of the weather network.