What should we pay attention to during holiday travel?

Outdoor adventure, outdoor self-help tour by donkey friends, and go on road trip by car friends, all kinds of new tourism modes have attracted more and more adventurous young people. The "May Day" holiday is coming, and various "May Day" travel plans, online collection of playmates and other activities have already begun. In this issue, experts are specially invited to help the citizens traveling in the wild to remind them of safety precautions. It's not uncommon for riders to get together in go on road trip during the 6-hour fatigue-prone holiday. But an old donkey friend said, "Compared with driving, hiking and cycling, road trip is more dangerous. Especially in mountainous areas and other places, it will be more dangerous if there is no experienced team leader. " Such as sudden climate change, landslides, falling rocks, disorientation, etc. If the riders traveling on the road are not trained in advance and lack the knowledge and skills to survive in the wild, accidents and even casualties may occur. It is suggested that riders in go on road trip for the first time choose relatively mature tourist attractions, which is safer than self-help tours in underdeveloped tourist areas. Secondly, we must make preparations in advance, such as: first understand the situation of scenic spots, including weather conditions, accommodation and so on. Especially when you choose to travel to the valley, you must pay attention to listening to the weather forecast; At the same time, pay attention to preparing medicines, such as cold medicines, antidiarrheal medicines, Yunnan Baiyao and other commonly used medicines; Pay attention to food hygiene and take corresponding preventive measures in epidemic seasons and areas where parasitic diseases are prevalent; If you are in go on road trip, you'd better drive within 6 hours, otherwise you will get tired easily. Before starting, team members should get familiar with each other. Many travelers who go to road trip use the Internet to contact each other, set out on their own, and are unfamiliar with each other, which is also an important cause of accidents. More and more young people join the ranks of "backpackers" and "field explorers". Before the long holiday, many netizens posted on the Internet to collect travel partners and spontaneously organized field trips and expeditions. With the increasing popularity of netizens' self-help field exploration, the security problems that follow are becoming increasingly prominent. Incidents of netizens being injured, missing and killed in the wild also occur from time to time. I suggest you go to the hospital for a physical examination before going on an adventure trip. You can't leave if you are in poor health. If you need a strong physical adventure, you should take some time to exercise in advance to ensure that you have enough physical strength during the adventure; Take the necessary articles for adventure, such as professional mountaineering clothes, safety ropes, communication tools, fire lighting equipment, compass, life jackets, first-aid medicines, etc. For risky exploration activities, you should buy insurance before you leave, just in case. It is not advisable to "enter Tibet" within one week after catching a cold. Due to the warmer weather this year, many people started a "trip to Tibet" in May this year. However, compared with those who "enter Tibet", there are relatively few people who can take the initiative to go to the "plateau clinic" for physical examination. Professor Bai, director of the respiratory department of Sun Yat-sen Hospital, said that once a tourist was eager to "enter Tibet" because he had not recovered from a cold, and he came back with emphysema. Experts remind that once a cold occurs in the plateau, it is easy to cause emphysema. It is recommended not to "enter Tibet" within one week after catching a cold, and it is not too late to enter Tibet after recovery. In addition, the elderly and infirm suffer from hypertension, heart disease, lung disease, asthma and so on. It is best not to go to plateau areas such as Tibet. Because such people have a strong altitude sickness, they may exceed the limit of physical fitness. In addition, you should also carry essential cold medicines such as Ganmaotong, Banlangen and Baifuning. Once you have symptoms such as stuffy nose, cough and fever, you should take medicine immediately or even go to the hospital for treatment. As the local climate is relatively dry and the temperature difference between morning and evening is large, a thick coat should also be prepared. On the first day after entering Tibet, travel agencies usually arrange a rest. Don't take a shower on the first day to avoid fainting due to the steam in the bathroom. It is best for obese and infirm people to bring a small oxygen bag, and it is recommended to take the train into the plateau to adapt slowly. It is worth reminding that the plateau area should also pay attention to sun protection. Apply it to 1 hour half an hour before going out, and apply it regularly outdoors. If you exceed the safe sun exposure period, you will get sunburned and tanned. If the ultraviolet rays are strong, it is easy to burn the skin and eyes. It is recommended to replenish sunscreen at any time. Due to the heavy wind and sand, it is recommended that people who wear contact lenses use sunglasses, and the material should be coated with reflective anti-ultraviolet rays. Even in spring, if you don't pay attention to sun protection when you travel to the seaside, you will lose a layer of skin ... when you are on vacation at the seaside, you will be exposed to the sun for a long time unconsciously. Strong ultraviolet rays are definitely the "natural enemies" of your skin and hair. The reporter learned from the dermatology department such as Huashan Hospital that after the long vacation every year, there are always many patients who get sunburned because they don't pay attention to sun protection, and their skin becomes red, swollen and peeling, and even blisters are serious. Professor Zheng Zhizhong, director of the dermatology department of Huashan Hospital, reminded that the seaside, beach and sea surface are particularly reflective and the light is sharp. So, when you go to the seaside for a holiday, don't forget to bring your hat, clothes, umbrella and other tools, especially sunscreen products. Sunscreen at the seaside, apply some sunscreen every 2 to 3 hours to reduce skin damage; It is not enough to use sunscreen only. You'd better wear sunglasses when you go out. Sunscreen should be applied after cleansing, toner and day cream; The shelf life of sunscreen products is generally 2 years, but the ingredients will change after opening and using. New sunscreen products should be replaced every year, and they should be kept in the shade at ordinary times. After long-term sun exposure, if there are sunburn symptoms such as redness of the skin, you can wet the affected area with cold water. More than 4 times a day, each time 10 to 20 minutes, you can also take a cold bath. This will not only relieve the pain, but also prevent blisters. In addition, external use of vitamin E ointment, or sunflower oil, safflower oil, baking powder paste, pulp paste, cucumber paste, mashed potatoes and so on. It can also relieve sunburn symptoms. Travel to the tropics to prevent "heatstroke". Traveling to the tropics, walking in the sun for a long time, and fatigue are all easy to lead to heatstroke. Once a lot of sweating, thirst, dizziness, chest tightness, nausea, general weakness, inattention and other manifestations appear, it should be considered as a precursor to heatstroke. At this time, you should leave the hot and humid environment as soon as possible, move to a cool and ventilated place, sit down and rest, drink some sugar, salt water or other drinks, and rub some cool oil on the temples on both sides. Rest for a while, you can recover more. If there are no cooling conditions such as electric fans and ice cubes, the patient can be directly immersed in river water or seawater to cool down, so that his head will not be exposed to the water. The cooling treatment time should not be too long, as long as the patient's body temperature drops and he is awake. In addition, the use of ten drops of water, Huoxiang Zhengqi water and other heat-clearing drugs can also be immediate. Treating heart disease and grasping gold for four minutes will inevitably lead to excitement and fatigue, and heart patients are prone to acute attacks and other accidents. At this time, if effective cardiopulmonary rescue can be carried out for heart patients, especially in the golden four minutes, cardiopulmonary resuscitation is definitely the best. If breathing and heartbeat pause for more than 8 minutes, the patient is much less likely to be rescued. In addition, the injured may also suffer from tissue damage due to lack of oxygen in the brain, and even become a vegetative state in severe cases. Therefore, during the journey, once a companion falls to the ground, he should try his best to help the injured. First of all, judge the patient's condition, don't pat the head, chest and abdomen and other important parts, and call for help immediately when the problem is serious. If the patient is prone, turn the patient over, listen, see and touch to see if the patient is breathing. You can feel it by observing the chest fluctuation or sticking your ear to the patient's nose for 5 to 10 seconds. When you are not breathing, you should immediately carry out cardiopulmonary resuscitation until the ambulance arrives. For patients with cardiogenic asthma, the patient should be placed in a semi-recumbent position first, and the three limbs of the patient should be tied with cloth belts in turn. 65438 +0 times every 5 minutes to reduce the burden on the heart. For patients with angina pectoris, they must not be moved at will, and nitroglycerin should be taken quickly under the tongue to relieve the condition. Don't eat raw seafood in coastal areas. Because of unclean food or drinking water on the way, it is easy to cause various acute intestinal diseases, such as vomiting, diarrhea, severe abdominal pain, etc ... In coastal areas, it is best not to eat raw draft products, choose sanitary and clean restaurants, do not patronize unlicensed roadside stalls, do not eat raw seafood, peeled fruits, and do not overeat. Drink more boiled water, eat more fruits and vegetables, and eat less. If acute gastroenteritis occurs, furazolidone, berberine and other drugs can be taken orally, or garlic can be mashed. At the same time, the patients were sent to the nearest hospital for treatment, and their excreta were disinfected according to the requirements of epidemic prevention; In case of biliary colic, let the patient lie on the bed first, quickly apply hot water to his right upper abdomen, or press Zusanli point with his thumb to relieve the pain; If pancreatitis occurs, it is forbidden to drink water and eat after the onset, and it should be sent to the hospital in time. When the pain is severe, you can press Zusanli and Hegu with your thumb or forefinger. Reminder for preventing travel accidents 8 Reminder 1, Stimulation project: If you encounter exciting activities, please don't participate if you are in poor health. Patients with heart disease, lung disease, asthma and hypertension should not engage in water or high altitude activities; 2, swimming in the water: swimming by the sea, please do not exceed the safety warning line; Don't go into the water alone if you are not familiar with water; 3. Injury and bleeding: If you are injured and bleeding, you can directly pressurize to stop bleeding or indirectly pressurize: press a specific "hemostasis point"; If it is a facial injury, regardless of the size of the wound, it should be directly pressurized to stop bleeding, so as not to affect the appearance; 4. Neck injury: When the neck is injured, it may damage the central nervous system. The key is to fix the injured part. A coat can be folded and wrapped around the neck, and the outside is fixed with a rope as a simple neck support; 5. Finger injury: When a finger is injured, the injured finger should be cooled with a wet towel first, then wrapped with thick paper such as cardboard, and then seek medical treatment as soon as possible; If the finger is pinched, it may cause a fracture, and the finger should be bandaged in time; 6. Fracture: Don't move the patient casually during the fracture. To keep the patient in the most comfortable posture, it is best to make a simple bracket or page 120 to fix the fracture in the original posture and send it to the hospital. 7. Intraocular foreign body: When foreign body enters the eye, it can be washed from the nasal side to the lateral side with normal saline to prevent the washed foreign body from entering the other eye; 8. In case of being bitten by a snake: If there are no tooth marks within 20 minutes, and there are no symptoms such as local pain, swelling, numbness and weakness, it is not bitten by a snake. Just wash, stop bleeding, bandage the wound and send it to the hospital; After being bitten by a poisonous snake, the symptoms will gradually appear after 10 to 20 minutes. Find a cloth belt or a long shoelace and tie it 5 to 10 cm near the upper end of the heart to ease the spread of toxins. However, in order to prevent limb necrosis, relax for 2 to 3 minutes every 10 minute, and wash the wound repeatedly with cold water.