Propagation mode of fern pods.

Collect spores or propagate with rhizomes. Spore collection

Spore picking time is generally from August to 65438+ 10, and spore leaves can be harvested when they turn from green to dark brown.

Harvest method: Cut off the mature leaves of sporangium with clean scissors, put them into clean and flat bags, seal and fold them, and leave them for 1~2 days, so that most spores are scattered in paper bags, then open the paper bags to take out impurities such as leaf sporangium shells, and collect the spores to sow.

Spore storage: the seeds collected in that year are stored at room temperature and sown in the next spring. At the low temperature of 5℃, it can be extended to about 22 months.

Spore sowing

Sowing time: early February every year.

Selection of culture medium: peat soil, humus or mixed soil of peat and river sand can be selected as the substrate, and after the substrate is screened by 20 meshes, it is disinfected with 800~ 1000 times carbendazim.

Spore treatment: before sowing, treat the spores of Bidens bipinnata with 300 mg/L gibberellin for 65438 05 minutes to promote spore germination.

Indoor spore sowing: put the prepared substrate culture container in shallow water one day before sowing, fully moisten it, pour the treated spores into a watering can filled with water, shake it evenly and spray it on the culture substrate, with spores of 65438+/-0g per square meter, and cover the seedbed with paper after sowing.

Spore culture

Culture temperature: put the container in a hotbed or incubator, and keep the temperature at about 25℃.

Soil relative humidity: the soil relative humidity is 85%~90%, the pH value is 5.0~6.5, and the light is more than 4 hours a day.

Culture time: generally 15~30 days, light green can appear, indicating that spores have germinated and the covering paper can be removed.

Spore seedling management

After spore germination, spray it twice a day for 1 week, and then water it 1 time every day. The soil water content should be kept at 80% ~ 10%, and the seedlings will grow after 20 days. After spore germination, the scattered light below 5000lx is maintained every day. When the seedlings grow to a height of about 6cm, they can be transplanted for the first time according to the row spacing of 4cm×4cm and still cultivated in the hotbed of the same substrate.

Seedling colonization

Transplanted to outdoor seedbed at the beginning of June according to the row spacing of 6cm× 10cm.

Tiantuan management

Shading shed: Shading shed is 50~60cm high and 120cm wide, with 80% shading. The shadow will be removed in late June. Water immediately after sowing, water moderately in dry weather, and the field water holding capacity is 40%~70%.

Weeding and loosening soil: Weeding should be done manually or mechanically, and at the same time, diseased and dead seedlings should be removed to keep the nursery soil loose, clean and free of weeds. 1, land selection and land preparation

Podophyllum is resistant to shade and cold, and likes neutral soil with high humus and water content, especially dark brown soil. Therefore, plots with flat terrain, good water and fertilizer conditions, fertile soil and good air permeability should be selected as cultivation areas. After the plot is selected, a 50.0m× 9.5m plastic scaffolding will be built. Spreading a layer of fertile loam or humus with a thickness of 2-3cm on the ground in the frame, and applying farmyard manure; Dig 20~25cm, thin and flat, and make 4 cultivation beds, 2m wide, 50m long and 10cm high. A corridor of 0.5m is reserved between each cultivation bed, so as to manage walking in the future.

Step 2 transplant

Every September, after beginning of autumn, choose plants with developed roots and strong bones, dig them up with roots and soil to keep the roots intact. The root system should be spindle-shaped or oval, with a length of 10~ 15cm and a diameter of 6.5~8.0cm. The roots should be uprooted and planted on a cultivation bed according to the plant spacing of 10cm and the row spacing of 20cm. Each cultivation bed is planted with 5000 plants, the upper part of the foundation is covered with 6~8cm of soil, and then compacted. At this time, the planted ferns have stopped growing and entered hibernation.

3, buckle shed and management

At the beginning of March of the following year, the snow in the greenhouse was cleaned and covered with plastic film. When the outdoor temperature reaches -5℃~ 10℃, the indoor temperature reaches 15℃~20℃ and the humidity reaches 70%, Viburnum starts to germinate. Water is very important for cultivating ferns. To ensure soil moisture and air humidity, the principle is that the soil is not dry and not watered; Spray water on the leaf surface frequently, clean up the ash tip of the leaf surface and keep the leaf surface clean and moist. When the temperature is too high, it should be ventilated and cooled in time. It is necessary to do a good job in normal production management such as weeding and loosening soil.

Step 4 harvest

Each plant can grow 8~ 12 stems, and can be harvested when the diameter reaches 15~20cm, and each plant can be harvested twice. The yield per plant is 50~ 100g, and the yield per square meter is 3.0~4.5kg

5. Post-harvest management

It is May after the harvest, and the plants have grown new diameters. When the outside temperature reaches 10%~ 15℃, remove the plastic film and let it grow naturally. Topdressing nitrogen fertilizer 1 time in late May, and watering after application; After plants wither in autumn, spread decomposed manure or compost to protect seedlings from overwintering and lay a foundation for growth in the coming year.