Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather forecast - What are the four plateaus in China?
What are the four plateaus in China?
Chinese name: Tibetan Plateau? Mbth: Qinghai-Tibet? Plateau or Tibet? Plateau? Location: southwest and northwest of China? Areas under its jurisdiction: Qinghai-Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Singapore, Gansu? Area: 2.57 million square kilometers (in China)? catalogue
Geographical location?
Geological structure?
Plateau profile?
What is the reason?
Geological characteristics?
Topographic features?
Minerals
Mountains?
glacier
River?
What are the climatic characteristics of lakes?
Tibetan songs and dances?
Tibetan opera national legend?
Fertility?
Get married?
General situation of funeral Qinghai-Tibet railway?
Landscape belt along the way?
Tourism landscape?
Emerald Everest?
No frozen spring?
Chumar, R.
Tuotuo River?
Tanggula?
Lake tsona?
That song?
Yangbajing?
Lhasa nature conservation?
Where does the relevant news spread?
Geological structure?
Plateau profile?
What is the reason?
Geological characteristics?
Topographic features?
Minerals
Mountains?
glacier
River?
What are the climatic characteristics of lakes?
Tibetan songs and dances?
Tibetan opera national legend?
Fertility?
Get married?
General situation of funeral Qinghai-Tibet railway?
Landscape belt along the way?
Tourism landscape?
Emerald Everest?
No frozen spring?
Chumar, R.
Tuotuo River?
Tanggula?
Lake tsona?
That song?
Yangbajing?
Lhasa nature conservation?
The geographical location and spatial scope of this section have been edited. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the highest plateau in the world. Most of this plateau is located in the west of China, including all of Xizang Autonomous Region and Qinghai provinces, western Sichuan Province, southern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and parts of Gansu and Yunnan. In addition, the whole Qinghai-Tibet Plateau includes Bhutan, Nepal, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. [1] With regard to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, some scholars have fully discussed the principles and problems involved in determining the scope and boundary of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from the perspective of geography, and combined with information technology, accurately positioned and quantitatively analyzed the scope and boundary position of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is concluded that part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China starts from Pamir Plateau in the west and reaches Hengduan Mountains in the east, spanning 365,438+0 longitude, and its east-west length is about 2? 945km starts from the southern margin of Himalayan Mountain in the south and reaches the northern side of Kunlun Mountain-Qilian Mountain in the north, running through about 13 latitude, and the width from north to south is 1? 532? Kilometers; The range is 26 00 ′12 ″ n ~ 39 46 ′ 50 ″ n, 7318 ′ 52 ″ e ~104 46 ′ 59 ″ e, with an area of 2572.4×/kloc-. [2] From the administrative division, China's Qinghai-Tibet Plateau covers 6 provinces and regions, with 20 1 county (city), namely Xizang Autonomous Region (Cuona, Medog and Chayu counties only include a few areas) and Qinghai Province (some counties only include some areas), Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the northwest of Yunnan Province, Ganzi, Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Muli Tibetan Autonomous County in the west of Sichuan Province. Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Sunan Yugur Autonomous County, Subei Mongolian Autonomous County, Aksai Kazak Autonomous County, Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Hotan Prefecture, Kashi Prefecture and Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture in the southern edge of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. [2] Loess Plateau (English: Loess? Plateau? Huang Tu, too? Kao Yuan or Huang Tu? Gaoyuan is the largest loess deposition area in the world. Located in the north of central China. North latitude 34 ~ 40, east longitude 103 ~ 1 14. More than 1000 kilometers from east to west and 700 kilometers from north to south. Including the vast areas west of Taihang Mountain, east of Sun Moon Mountain in Qinghai, north of Qinling Mountain and south of the Great Wall. It spans Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Henan Province, with an area of about 400,000 square kilometers and an altitude of 1500 to 2,000 meters. Except for a few rocky mountains, the plateau is covered with a deep loess layer with a thickness of 50 ~ 80 meters, and the thickest reaches 150 ~ 180 meters. The Loess Plateau is rich in mineral resources, with huge reserves of coal, oil and bauxite. ?
Chinese name: Loess Plateau? Mbth: Loess? Plateau? Location: North of Central China? Area: about 400,000 square kilometers? catalogue
Overview?
Geography?
What is the source of loess?
The north wind sends soil?
Controversial environmental change?
A sign of ancient climate?
The environment 60 million years ago?
Paleoenvironmental hydrological changes?
Landform type?
Partition?
Climate characteristics?
1? Central semi-arid area?
2 Southeast semi-humid area?
3? Surface materials in arid areas of northwest China?
Fragile environment?
Water system?
Sediment?
Soil erosion?
Causes and countermeasures?
The vicious circle of energy base and its improvement?
Deforestation and reclamation?
Governance?
General situation of national spirit development?
Geography?
What is the source of loess?
The north wind sends soil?
Controversial environmental change?
A sign of ancient climate?
The environment 60 million years ago?
Paleoenvironmental hydrological changes?
Landform type?
Partition?
Climate characteristics?
1? Central semi-arid area?
2 Southeast semi-humid area?
3? Surface materials in arid areas of northwest China?
Fragile environment?
Water system?
Sediment?
Soil erosion?
Causes and countermeasures?
The vicious circle of energy base and its improvement?
Deforestation and reclamation?
Governance?
The Loess Plateau is located at the junction of northern and northwestern China. Taihang Mountain in the east, Wushaoling in the west, Qinling Mountain in the south and the Great Wall in the north. It mainly includes Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Henan and other provinces, covering an area of 400,000 square kilometers, accounting for 70% of the world's loess distribution. It is the largest loess accumulation area in the world. Loess is 50-80 meters thick, with dry climate, concentrated precipitation, sparse vegetation and serious soil erosion. The Loess Plateau is rich in mineral resources, with huge reserves of coal, oil and bauxite. Loess has fine particles, soft soil and rich mineral nutrition, which is beneficial to farming. Valley agriculture has a long history and is the cradle of ancient culture in China. However, due to the lack of vegetation protection, summer rain is concentrated and there are many heavy rains. Under the long-term water erosion, the ground is very broken, forming plateaus, mounds and gullies. ?
The loess plateau atlas (2 1 sheet) is generally less than110, and most of the cultivated land is distributed on the slope of10 ~ 35. Small and scattered plots are not conducive to water conservancy and mechanization. Soil erosion is serious in the Loess Plateau. The Yellow River discharges about 654.38+06 billion tons of sediment through Shaanxi every year, 90% of which comes from the Loess Plateau, and about 30 million tons of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients are lost with the sediment. Comprehensive management of the Loess Plateau is a key project in China's natural transformation project. The control policy is to take soil and water conservation as the center, combine soil improvement with water control, combine slope control with gully control, and combine engineering measures with biological measures to implement comprehensive development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. This control measure has made great achievements. The Loess Plateau is rich in coal, oil, bauxite and other resources, and it is an important energy and chemical base in China. Inner Mongolia Plateau, located in the north of China, is the second largest plateau in China. It starts from Daxinganling in the east, reaches Mazong Mountain in the west, runs along the Great Wall in the south and connects Mongolia in the north. It is a part of the Mongolian Plateau. Altitude 1000 ~ 1400 m. The ground is flat, the ups and downs are gentle, what a wide basin. Overlooking the plateau from the plane is like a vast ocean of smoke, which the ancients called "the vast sea" The vast grassland is an important pastoral area in China. Deserts are widely distributed in the west. ? Plateau is one of the natural grassland and desert distribution areas in China, with Senecio scandens and sand waves. ? The climate of Inner Mongolia Plateau is very dry, and the desert distribution area accounts for 37.8% of the total desert area in China. The larger deserts are Badain Jaran Desert, Tengger Desert, Wulanbuhe Desert and Kubuqi Desert. ?
Chinese name: Inner Mongolia Plateau? Location: Inner Mongolia? Location: west of Daxing 'anling, north of Yinshan and Beishan? Area: 340,000 square kilometers? Elevation: 1000m? Mineral resources: coal, iron, niobium and rare earth minerals? Chinese herbal medicines: licorice, astragalus, scutellaria, red peony root, ephedra? Animal husbandry: three hippos, three cows and Inner Mongolia sheep? catalogue
Geographical location?
Plateau profile?
Geographical features?
Plateau climate?
Plateau mountains?
Plateau landform?
Plateau resources?
Plateau profile?
Nomads in the Warring States Period?
Overview?
Hu Lin and Lou Fan?
East Lake?
Huaxia nationality on the southern edge of Xiongnu?
Overview?
Guo Yan's strategy?
Zhao zhi?
What are the connotations and characteristics of grassland culture under the jurisdiction of Qin State?
Overview?
A collection of multi-ethnic cultures?
Is there a regional cultural component?
Cultural influence?
The influence of nomadic culture in the north?
What are the contributions of the northern nationalities to the geographical location?
Plateau profile?
Geographical features?
Plateau climate?
Plateau mountains?
Plateau landform?
Plateau resources?
Plateau profile?
Nomads in the Warring States Period?
Overview?
Hu Lin and Lou Fan?
East Lake?
Huaxia nationality on the southern edge of Xiongnu?
Overview?
Guo Yan's strategy?
Zhao zhi?
What are the connotations and characteristics of grassland culture under the jurisdiction of Qin State?
Overview?
A collection of multi-ethnic cultures?
Is there a regional cultural component?
Cultural influence?
The influence of nomadic culture in the north?
The contribution of the northern nationalities began to edit the geographical location of this part?
The position of Inner Mongolia Plateau on the map
Part of the Mongolian Plateau. It is located in the north of the yinshan mountains, west of Daxing 'anling, north to the national border, and west to the vicinity of East longitude 106. Between 40 20' north latitude and 50 50' east longitude106 ~12140'. It covers an area of about 340,000 square kilometers. Administrative divisions include western Hulunbeier, most of Xilin Gol League, Wulanchabu and northern Bayannaoer. The Inner Mongolia Plateau in a broad sense also includes the Ordos Plateau south of Yinshan Mountain and the Alashan Plateau west of Helan Mountain. Edit this platform configuration file. Inner Mongolia Plateau? (inside? Mongolian? Located in the north of China, the plateau is the second largest plateau in China. Inner Mongolia Plateau is open and magnanimous, and the ground fluctuates gently. Overlooking the plateau from the plane is like a vast ocean of smoke, which the ancients called "the vast sea" Plateau is one of the natural grassland and desert distribution areas in China, with Senecio scandens and sand waves. Edit the geographical features of this section crossing the plateau of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China. Located in the west of Daxing 'anling, north of Yinshan and Beishan, and east of Mazong Mountain.
China's second largest plateau.
North to Mongolia, including most of Inner Mongolia and northern Gansu Province. Altitude 1, 000 ~ 1, 500 meters, gentle terrain, slightly inclined to the north. Among them, Xilin Gol and Wulanchabu plateaus are relatively high, while Hulunbeier, Wuzhumuqin and Juyanhai basins are relatively low, which is called "Tara" in Mongolian. The eastern part of Inner Mongolia Plateau is grassland, which is an important animal husbandry base in China. The climate in the west is dry, including dry grassland, desert grassland and desert. The desert area in the west has increased, and Gobi is widely distributed. The plateau climate in this section is very dry, and the desert distribution area accounts for 37.8% of the total desert area in China. The larger deserts are Badain Jaran Desert, Tengger Desert, Wulanbuhe Desert and Kubuqi Desert. The Yellow River flows through this section of the central Inner Mongolia Plateau, and in some places the valley shrinks and becomes a canyon. In some places, the river valley is wide and the sediment accumulates into a fertile alluvial plain, which is the famous Hetao Plain. Hetao Plain has been called "Jiangnan" since ancient times, which is the result of working people building channels here to irrigate farmland with Yellow River water. Edit the smooth range of this paragraph. Inner Mongolia Plateau is also called Northern Plateau. Including all the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Gansu Province and the vast areas in the north of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, starting from Daxinganling and Suke Xielu Mountain in the east, reaching Mazong Mountain in the west, bordering Qilian Mountain and the Great Wall in the south, Mongolia in the north and Russia in the north. It is about 2000 kilometers long from east to west, with an area of about 654.38+0.3 million square kilometers and an altitude of about 654.38+0.000 meters. There are neither snow-capped mountains on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau nor canyons on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the Inner Mongolia Plateau. Its terrain is slightly undulating. High plains can travel thousands of miles. It is mainly composed of Hulunbeier Plateau in the east, Alashan Plateau in the west and Ordos Plateau in the south. Yinshan runs through the middle, and there are Hetao Plain and Hohhot Basin in the south.
Xilingol grassland real scene
Equal rift plains and basins. At the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain, the surface is wide and open, and there are wide and shallow depressions or basins between low and gentle mountains, which are called "Tara" locally. This landform provides favorable conditions for the formation of vast grasslands and the development of animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia. Inner Mongolia Plateau is a dish-shaped plateau gradually descending to the north. The edge is highest. This terrain is conducive to drought resistance in the plateau. In winter, the plateau is cold, forming Mongolian high pressure, and there is no rain naturally; In summer, the plateau becomes hot and becomes a low-pressure area, attracting the south wind, blocking the marginal mountains and intercepting most of the water vapor, making the plateau a rain shadow area. Except rivers (such as weak water and Yimin River). ) formed by meltwater from glaciers in marginal mountainous areas, it is the Yellow River on the border. The river does not cut the plateau obviously, which provides conditions for the wind to blow. Usually the wind speed here can reach 9 meters per second. Flying sand and walking stones can not only dig trenches and valleys on stony ground, but also pile up sand dunes and sand mountains in specific areas. Therefore, the exposed gravel "Gobi" of bedrock is often formed at the foot of the destroyed grassland and in the middle of the plateau; In the west where quicksand accumulates, a large "desert" can be formed. Therefore, Gobi and desert are the remarkable geomorphological features of Inner Mongolia Plateau. Inner Mongolia Plateau was formed by the continuous uplift of the crust during the modern geological history. Are you online?
Beautiful Hulunbeier basin
In the process of rising, on the one hand, the whole plot is gently depressed, forming gentle hills and wide shallow basins; On the other hand, the east and south are slightly inclined, and the highest inclined land is convenient for mountains. This is how Daxing 'anling Mountain embedded in the eastern edge of the plateau and Yinshan Mountain in the middle are formed. There are wide and shallow great basin on the plateau, such as Hulunbeier Basin, Erlian Basin and Juyan Basin. From the edge of the basin to the center, the distance is several hundred kilometers, and the height difference is only two or three hundred meters. Topographically, it belongs to accumulation-erosion high plains. Inner Mongolia Plateau is the largest natural pasture in China. The climate in the western plateau is dry, mostly desert and Gobi, with sparse plants and scattered grasslands. There are many grass beaches in the lake basin between sand dunes. From west to east, with the gradual increase of precipitation, grass grows better and better. Hulunbeier and Xilin Gol grasslands, with relatively humid climate, are particularly rich in pasture, and the excellent livestock such as Sanhe Horse, Sanhe Cattle and Inner Mongolia Sheep produced here are well-known at home and abroad. Edit this plateau landform Inner Mongolia Plateau is flat, and most of it is endless Yuan Ye. ?
Inner Mongolian Plateau
The altitude of Inner Mongolia Plateau is generally 1000 ~ 1200m, which is high in the south and low in the north. East-west lowlands are formed in the north, and the lowest elevation drops to about 600m m. In the border area between China and Mongolia, there are intermittent dry erosion residual hills with a relative height of about 100 meters. The plateau is flat and complete, with gentle ups and downs, remarkable ancient erosion and leveling, and filled with wind and sand, which was called "the vast sea" in ancient times. Geologically, the Variscan movement at the end of Paleozoic caused the fold and uplift of the Mongolian geosyncline, while the Yanshan movement only experienced extensive and moderate flexure and fracture. Himalayan movement and neotectonic movement caused the plateau to uplift as a whole, and large-scale basalt eruption occurred, filling low-lying areas and forming lava platforms, which were widely distributed in the eastern part of the plateau. The platform is stepped and slightly undulating. ? There are generally five planation planes on the plateau, forming a layered plateau. In the area where Yanshan movement flexed and subsided, the tertiary lacustrine sediments accumulated very thick, expanding the horizon. Since Cenozoic, the climate has been semi-arid and arid, although cold, warm and dry alternate, and the plateau surface is slightly differentiated. Most of the denudation and planation planes formed in the past can form a flat and relatively complete plateau. ? Gobi in Inner Mongolia Plateau?
Desert scenery of Inner Mongolia Plateau
Desert and sandy land are distributed in a slight arc from northwest to southeast: the northwest edge of the plateau is gravel Gobi, the southeast is sandy Gobi, and the middle and southeast are covered with sand and bare sandy land. Fusha belt is distributed in the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain and the western foot of Daxing 'anling Mountain, which is arc-shaped and intermittently connected. Mingsha mainly includes Bayinguoleng Gobi Desert, Helis Desert, Baiyinchagan Desert, Hunshandake Sandy Land, Wuzhumuqin Sandy Land and Hulunbeier Sandy Land. Plateau resources in this section refer to the whole territory of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China and the vast areas of Gansu Province, northern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Hebei Province and western Northeast China. Also known as the northern plateau. It starts from Daxinganling in the east, reaches Mazong Mountain in the west, runs along the Great Wall in the south and connects Mongolia in the north. It is about 2,000 kilometers long from east to west and 500 kilometers wide from north to south, covering an area of over 1 10,000 square kilometers. It is the second largest plateau in China. The altitude is mostly 1000 ~ 1300m. The terrain is slightly inclined from southwest to northeast, gently undulating and slightly cut, and the yinshan mountains runs through it. The south is the narrow Hetao Plain and Ordos Plateau; The northern and eastern plateaus are Hulunbeier, Wuzhumuqin, Xilingol and Wulanchabu. To the west is the Alashan Plateau. There are many wide and shallow basins on the plateau, including Hulun Basin, Ilya Basin and Juyan Basin. It belongs to temperate semi-arid climate, and the dryness gradually increases from 1.2 ~ 1.5 to 4.0 from east to west. Is the vegetation soil condition the dark chestnut soil zone in the eastern meadow grassland?
chestnut soil
The central part is chestnut soil belt of arid grassland, and the western part is brown calcium soil belt of desert grassland with shrub layer. There is plenty of sunshine on the plateau, and the total sunshine hours in a year are 2800 ~ 3200 hours. Windy, the number of days is 40 ~ 100 days/year, which can generate electricity. With abundant land resources and good pasture, it is the most important animal husbandry base in China. Is there a lot of China grass on the grassland? Drugs, such as licorice, astragalus, scutellaria, red peony root, ephedra, etc. There are resources such as salt, alkali and mirabilite in Shanggao Salt Lake on the plateau. Rich in mineral resources, there are more than 70 kinds of minerals such as coal, iron, niobium and rare earth. The narrow sense of Inner Mongolia Plateau refers to the plateau of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It goes deep inland, the climate is dry, and grasslands, deserts and Gobi are widely distributed. Windbreak and sand fixation, grassland protection, grassland improvement and rational grazing are the main tasks of rational utilization of resources and transformation of natural environment in this area. ?
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Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is the southwest plateau of China. It starts from Xuefeng Mountain in the west, reaches Dalou Mountain in the south and Ailao Mountain in the east, including the eastern part of Yunnan Province, all of Guizhou Province, the western part of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the border areas of Sichuan, Hunan and Hubei. ?
Chinese name: Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau? Pinyin: Cloud? gui？ Tall? Yuan? Location: Southwest Plateau of China? Altitude: 1, 000 ~ 2:%? Total area: 300,000 square kilometers? catalogue
Basic profile?
Range area?
A brief introduction to climate?
Is the subtropical monsoon climate dominant?
Kunming quasi-static station?
Impact on hydrology?
What are the characteristics of solar radiation and climate resources?
Vertical distribution of heat?
Brief introduction of clear terrain in dry and wet seasons?
Ethnic areas?
Basic profile?
Custom changes?
National characteristics?
Sports activities?
Slavery?
Brief introduction of Yi nationality?
Historical materials?
Temple religion?
Resident rights?
Tibetan life?
Settle and graze?
Folk literature?
Watershed?
Rich in medicinal materials?
Terrain?
Basic overview of regional expansion?
Range area?
A brief introduction to climate?
Is the subtropical monsoon climate dominant?
Kunming quasi-static station?
Impact on hydrology?
What are the characteristics of solar radiation and climate resources?
Vertical distribution of heat?
Brief introduction of clear terrain in dry and wet seasons?
Ethnic areas?
Basic profile?
Custom changes?
National characteristics?
Sports activities?
Slavery?
Brief introduction of Yi nationality?
Historical materials?
Temple religion?
Resident rights?
Tibetan life?
Settle and graze?
Folk literature?
Watershed?
Rich in medicinal materials?
Terrain?
The geographical scope is expanded to edit the basic overview of this paragraph. Yungui Plateau? Plateau? Is Yunnan also the enemy? Kaoyuan or Yungui? Altitude. Latitude and longitude: east longitude 100 ~ 1 10? , 23 ~ 27 north latitude. Altitude 1 1,000 ~ 2,000m; The soil layer is thin and there is a large area of barren hills suitable for forest; There is more precipitation, so it is appropriate to develop economic trees such as Chinese fir, masson pine, tung oil tree and camellia oleifera, which are rich in mineral resources; The total area is 300,000 square kilometers. [1] Editor Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is located in the southwest of China, starting from Hengduan Mountains in the west, bordering Sichuan Basin in the north and Xuefeng Mountain in Hunan Province in the east. It includes the borders of eastern Yunnan Province, Guizhou Province, northwestern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan and other provinces, and it is the intersection of two groups of mountains with north-south trend and northeast-southwest trend in China. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with an altitude of1000-2000m. It is the fourth highest plateau in China. The western part of the plateau is mainly in Yunnan Province, and the mountains are basically north-south, such as Diancang Mountain, Wumeng Mountain and Longshan Mountain. The eastern part is dominated by Guizhou Province, and the mountains basically run northeast-southwest, such as Dalou Mountain and Wuling Mountain. With Wumeng Mountain as the boundary, it can be roughly divided into Yunnan Plateau and Guizhou Plateau. The western Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is more than 2,000 meters above sea level, and the plateau topography is obvious. The eastern Guizhou Plateau is rugged, with many mountains and few plateaus. It is called "Mountain Source" and its altitude is between 1000- 1500m. Yunnan Plateau and Guizhou Plateau are linked together, and the boundary is unclear, so they are collectively called "Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau". Yunnan Plateau is located in the east of Yunnan Province, east of Ailao Mountain. Because it is south of Yunling, it is called Yunnan Plateau. The plateau surface is well preserved. Most of the peaks on the Yunnan Plateau are wide and flat, or gently undulating, which is called "the mountain is high and the road is wide". Continuous?
the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
There are many lakes and dams between the rolling mountains. There are more than 1.200 dams in Yunnan, accounting for one third of the province's cultivated land. Low-lying areas have become basins, and some water has accumulated into lakes. For example, on the plateau centered on Kunming, there are many large and small lakes such as Dianchi Lake, which is called "Yunnan intermittent trapped lake area". Because of the leakage of lake water and the sediment deposition in the mountains around the lake basin, most of the lakeshore plains have developed. The soil here is rich and deep, and it is the main agricultural area in the plateau. [2] Edit the climate profile of this paragraph. Is the subtropical monsoon climate dominant?
the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau belongs to subtropical humid area and subtropical monsoon climate (Xishuangbanna belongs to tropical monsoon climate). Although it is a plateau in topography, the climate is significantly different due to different altitude and atmospheric circulation conditions. For example, Kunming, Yunnan is about 1900 meters above sea level, but its latitude is low (25 north latitude), and it is generally not affected by cold waves in winter (the terrain is high, and the cold current in the north cannot enter). Under the control of the southwest warm current, it is often sunny, and it is quite dry and warm in winter and spring; (On the northern slope of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, due to the stagnation of cold current and the influence of polar continental air mass, a quasi-static front is formed, which leads to continuous rain, that is, the folk proverb "The ground is not flat for three feet, but it will be sunny for three days." The summer half year is mainly influenced by the southwest monsoon, with abundant precipitation, rainy days and high altitude, so the summer temperature is low and the dry and wet seasons are distinct in a year. Under the comprehensive influence of latitude, altitude and atmospheric circulation, the seasonal variation of temperature is small, and the four seasons on the plateau are like spring, so Kunming is called "Spring City". The quasi-static front in Kunming is generally at an altitude of 1000 meters in Guizhou. Winter and half a year are often affected by the cold air in the north, and the cold air contacts with warm air, forming the famous "Kunming quasi-static front" in climate. Guizhou is often covered by static front for half a year in winter, with many rainy days, which is known as "no sunny days in three days" and cold in winter; Summer is influenced by the southeast monsoon, with more precipitation and higher temperature. Impact on Hydrology Due to the rainy weather, rivers on the plateau have a large amount of water, and many rivers cut the ground for a long time, forming many deep and steep canyons. The amount of solar radiation varies greatly in the meridional distribution of annual total solar radiation, with the western part being greater than the eastern part, with a ratio of 3? 400~3? 800 MJ/m2, 5? 000~6? 000 mj/m2. Because it is located in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with high altitude, large temperature difference and strong ultraviolet rays, it has brought unique natural conditions for the growth of crops, brought material satisfaction to the residents of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and allowed people to continue on this land. Edit the characteristics of climate resources in this paragraph. Yunnan-Guizhou region in China includes Yunnan Province and Guizhou Province. The area is located at low latitude and high altitude, and influenced by the monsoon climate, a low latitude plateau monsoon climate with small temperature difference between four seasons, distinct dryness and wetness and significant vertical change of climate resources has been formed. Climate resources have many characteristics. The vertical distribution of heat is obviously different, and the heat conditions in tropical, subtropical, temperate and cold zones appear from the valley to the top of the mountain. The regional distribution of heat resources is more in the south and less in the north. Accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃, Yuanjiang and Hekou areas at 8? Above 000℃, high altitude areas in northwest and northeast Yunnan 1? Below 400℃, the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River has an "enclave" in the south subtropical zone, which is 7? 000~8? 000℃。 The distribution of heat resources in each month of the year is relatively uniform, with warmth in winter and no heat in summer. [2] The rainy season and the dry season are very different.
Influenced by the southwest monsoon, the characteristics of water resources are dry in winter and wet in summer, and the dry and wet seasons are distinct. In the summer half year, warm and humid airflow blows inland along the valley, southwest Yunnan, southern Yunnan border, Nujiang River basin and some areas in the upper reaches of Panjiang River and Duliujiang River. The annual precipitation is between 1.500 ~ 1.750 mm, Yingjiang on the southwest windward slope of Gaoligong Mountain is over 4000 mm, while Chuxiong and Dali are only 500 ~ 700 mm.. The precipitation in April ~10 accounts for 85% ~ 95% of the total annual precipitation. Mountain torrents and floods often occur in rainy season. The dry season is long, and seasonal drought, especially spring drought, is very serious. Affected by the southeast monsoon, the eastern part of Guizhou is humid in four seasons. Edit the terrain section of this part.
The karst landforms in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau are widely distributed and belong to karst landforms. It is gradually formed by limestone dissolved and eroded by water under the complex chemical reaction conditions of high temperature and rainy weather. There are many grotesque landforms, such as caves, underground rivers, stone buds, stalagmites, peak forests and so on. Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is one of the most perfect and typical karst landform areas in the world. One of the greatest characteristics of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is the remarkable karst terrain. Limestone in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is thick and widely distributed. It is one of the most developed karst landforms in the world, which is formed by the dissolution of surface and groundwater, such as sinkholes, funnels, circular depressions, undercurrents, caves, canyons, natural bridges and basins. There is a consolidated red soil layer (also called weathering crust) on the surface of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, indicating that the ground has weathered. When it was denuded, limestone was exposed, forming a large stone bud land. Lunan Stone Forest is the best developed one in the stone bud land. Here, the strange peaks stand upright, such as columns and towers, such as bamboo shoots and bacteria, which are more than 10 meters high and 5- 10 meters short. People can browse in Wangfeng Pavilion or Lion Building and enjoy the wonders of more than 400,000 mu of stone forest. ?
Terraces in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
There are many small basins in the rolling mountains. The soil layer in the basin is deep and fertile, which is a relatively developed place for agriculture, and the villages and towns on the plateau are also concentrated here. This basin is called "bazi" locally. The ground in the dam is relatively flat and the soil layer is deep. Generally, it is a place where agriculture is developed and population is concentrated, and big towns are also distributed here. There are also many "fault lakes" formed by stratum collapse on the plateau, such as Dianchi Lake in eastern Yunnan and Erhai Lake in central Yunnan, covering an area of 340 square kilometers and 250 square kilometers respectively. The famous cities Kunming and Dali are located next to these two lakes respectively. During this period, there are 13 ethnic groups with a population of over 10,000, including Han, Yi, Tibetan, Qiang, Hui, Mongolian, Lisu and Manchu. It is the largest inhabited area of Yi people in China, the second largest inhabited area of Tibetans and the only inhabited area of Qiang people in China. The population of ethnic minorities is about 5.7 million, accounting for 7% of the total population of the province. Yi nationality is a hardworking and brave nation with a long history, splendid culture, large population and wide distribution. Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is the main inhabited area of Yi people in Sichuan Province, with a population of 1.546 million. Another 2,465,438+100000 people are distributed in the suburbs of Panzhihua and Miyi and Yanbian counties, Mabian and Ebian counties of Leshan, Jiulong and Luding counties of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Hanyuan and Baimian counties of Ya 'an, Pingshan, Gu Lin and xuyong county of Yibin. The Yi people in Sichuan call themselves "Sunuo". Yi people living in Yunnan and Guizhou have many nicknames. ?
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