In which dynasty did the characters in A Dream of Red Mansions live?

As early as the end of the 1920s, Mr. Zhang Xiaoxia drew up a detailed chronology [1] according to the novel chapter 120, which was compiled according to the chronology information provided by the novel chapter 95, that is, Yuan Chunsheng was born in Shen Jia and died in Mao Yi. Another example is that Mr. Zhou also compiled a chronology "The Calendar of the Red Chamber" in the New Certificate of A Dream of Red Mansions [2], taking only the first 80 times, so he abandoned the chronology of the 95th time and only marked the year.

No matter how it is compiled, the chronology compiled according to the chronological information provided by the novel text is a timetable that can't implement the real dynasty at all. Moreover, because the author of the novel deliberately creates confusion to conceal the real dynasty years, if the chronology is compiled completely according to the information provided by the novel text, it will be impossible to determine some years. Therefore, careful readers will often find that there are many places in the novel that are "disordered in time sequence".

Now, based on the real date of Yuan Chun's death, we can not only restore the real dynasty of each novel, but also clearly discover the author's "deception" technique of deliberately creating time confusion.

9. 1 guimao year (the first year of Yongzheng 1723)

From chapter 95, "Suddenly one day, Jia Zheng came in with tears on his face" (1343) to chapter 108, "So Jia Jia breathed a sigh of relief, and Mrs. Xing You also breathed a little sigh of relief" (1487).

According to textual research, Yuan Chun died after beginning of spring on 29th of Renyin year, and beginning of spring was the main branch of Renyin year, so Jia Zheng reported that Yuan Chun died in Guimao year. Other plots written in the novel can further confirm that it was indeed the year of Guimao.

In the 96th reply, I wrote: "It was Jingcha that year, and the Ministry of Industry put Jia in the first place. In February, the official department took the lead. The emperor saw Jia Zheng's diligent housekeeping and immediately released Jiangxi's route for providing foodstuff. " (page 1352) The so-called "Beijing inspection" was a system for evaluating Beijing officials and deciding rewards and punishments in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Examination time, every six years in the Ming Dynasty, held in Jihai; Every three years in the Qing Dynasty, it was held in the years of Zi, Mao, Wu and You [3].

According to the draft of Qing history? Eighty-six Election six "includes:

The method of three-year performance appraisal comes from Tang and Yu. The Qing dynasty was made along the Ming dynasty, but the style was slightly different. Beijing officials say Beijing inspection, foreign officials say big plans, and official departments are responsible for inspection. The inspector of Beijing is five years old, and the members of the Ministry are assessed by the chief. The school is divided into four divisions, with the theme of "talent, perseverance, politics and years".

After the "Beijing Inspection", Jia Zheng was promoted from "Doctor of the Ministry of Industry" to "A Grain Road in Jiangxi". According to the age speculated above, this year happens to be the year of Mao.

In chapter 102, Tan Chun got married, but the author didn't specify when she got married. But from the context, at this time, Baoyu and Baochai have "consummated". According to the arrangement of filial piety and Jia Mu and others, Baoyu has spent the "September service" for his sister Yuan Chun [4]; In addition, the ninety-ninth time wrote: "So there are only Li Wan and He Chun in the garden. Grandmother Jia also moved Li Wan and others in, because after Yuan Fei's death, family affairs kept coming, and she was too busy to take care of them. Now the weather is getting hotter every day, and the garden can still live. Wait until autumn. " (Page 139 1) Article 102 replied: "There are few people in the garden and the weather is cold. Li Wan, Tan Chun and Xi Chun all moved back to their hometown. " (page 1425) Judging from these plots, Tanchun must have been married in late autumn.

It is generally believed that Tan Chun's fifth verdict, "On Qingming Day, there are tears at the edge of Wangjiang River, and a thousand miles east wind is a dream" (page 78), refers to Tan Chun's marriage in Tomb-Sweeping Day. If the author's intention is really so, then the description of Tanchun's wedding time in Chapter 102 is inconsistent with the author's intention. How this contradiction is caused needs careful consideration, and we can't simply judge the so-called "criminal evidence" with forged traces in the sequel.

9.2 One year after obtaining the unified examination of Chen Jia Province.

In the year of Yongzheng (the second year of Yongzheng 1724), from the 108th time, "One day Shi Xiangyun got married and came to visit Jia" (1487) to the 120th time, "the Taoist still took the jade to the foot of the peak and put it in The goddess patching the sky's place."

Back to the ninety-seventh wrote, Jia Zheng before leaving home for Jiangxi route for providing foodstuff, "really ask Mrs. Wang to discipline her son, and never act like that before. After having obtained the provincial examination next year, you must call him away "(1page 377); In chapter 1 19, I wrote about Jia Baoyu's participation in becoming a monk after having obtained the provincial examination. It can be seen that Baoyu must have become a monk during the Chen Jianian period.

According to the imperial examination system in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial examination is held once every three years (one subject every three years), which is called "Darby". After the township entrance examination, it is called the senior high school entrance examination in rural areas and the juren in Chinese. After having obtained the provincial examination, it is held every day at noon, Sunday and in the garden, which is called "Zheng Ke". When it comes to celebrations (such as the emperor reaching the pole), it is called "Cohen". Celebration coincided with Zheng Kenian, who regarded Zheng Ke as Cohen, or moved to the front, or moved to the rear, or changed to the provincial examination in March. Because rural exams are generally held in autumn, the hometown exam is also called "Autumn Wei". The exam will focus on the meaning of the exam. Later, I will take the exam, take the exam every year, take the exam every year, and take the exam every year. If Cohen is obtained after the provincial examination, next year's meeting will be called "Cohen after the examination". The exam is held in spring and sponsored by the Ministry of Ritual, so it is also called "Spring Guard" or "Ritual Guard".

The draft of Qing history? Choose three years from 83 years in the pool:

If you have a clear topic, you can draft talents and use eight-part essays. Take four books and five propositions such as Yi, Shu, Shi, Chunqiu and Book of Rites, and call them Zhiyi. In the three-year competition, the candidate was born in the province, and after obtaining the provincial examination, he was called. People with Chinese style are considered as juren. The following year, I tried to raise people in the capital and said that I would try. The Chinese style is Gong. The son of heaven made a pro-policy to the court, which was called Gongkao. His names are divided into one, two and three. Three people in one armor, namely, the champion, the second place and the flower detective, were given to Jinshi and. A number of people, given Jinshi origin. Several people in the top three were endowed with the same background as Jinshi. After having obtained the provincial examination, the first day was Xie Yuan, the first day was Huiyuan and the first day was Chuanyuan. It's still clear, and so is the time-honored brand. In summer, in the first year of Shunzhi, I decided to take the provincial examination in Woods You Mao and take the exam in Chen Xu Ugly Year. After getting the township exam, we will try it in August. Both are the first game on the 9th, two games on 12 and three games on 15. March palace exam. ..... from Qianlong to Qianlong, the test will be held in March, and the palace test will be held in April, so it is permanent.

According to the imperial examination system of the Qing Dynasty, Guimao had no examination, only after having obtained the provincial examination. There was no provincial examination during Chen Jia's years, only the senior high school entrance examination; However, Yongzheng ascended the pole in Guimao year, specially tried Cohen in Guimao year, and took the rural examination in Chenjiabu the following year. Yu Zhen was the top scholar in Cohen test in Guimao, and Chen Dehua was the top scholar in Chen Jia's provincial test. [5]

From this point of view, an important reason why the author arranged for Jia Baoyu to take the provincial examination is probably to further define that year as Chen Jianian.

For the one hundred and twentieth time, Mrs. Wang said to Aunt Xue, "I have been worried about him all my life. I just got married, won the prize, and learned that my daughter-in-law was pregnant, and I liked it even more. I don't want to end like this! " (page 1639) In addition, I asked Zhen: "Now there is a famous orchid in his family, which just corresponds to the word' orchid'. At the right moment, the old fairy said' Gui Lan Qi Fang' and Baoyu said' Gao Zikui Ghost'. Does it mean that he has a son who has left his abdomen and can make a fortune? " (1645) Judging from these plots, Jia Baoyu's posthumous son "Jia Gui" should have been born in the third year of B (the third year of Yongzheng 1725).

The one hundred and twentieth time, the novel author borrowed Jia Zheng's mouth and talked about Baoyu's age. Jia Zheng said, "I didn't know Baoyu was robbed by blood, but I cheated the old lady for 19 years!" " (Page 1637) At this time, it was "cold and snowy", which was the winter of Chen Jianian (1724). In this case, it can be inferred that Baoyu was born in yiyou year (forty-four years of Kangxi 1705) 19 years ago. According to the date of death and what Jia Zheng wrote in the novel, Mr. Wang concluded that Zhen's first dream in the novel was Ding Younian's affair [6].

In the eighty-sixth novel, Yuan Chun was born in Shen Jianian. When Jia Xu, Meng Fu and Chen Jia wrote about the relationship between Yuan Chun and Baoyu for the second time, they all thought that Baoyu was born in the year after Yuan Chun [7]. According to this writing, Baoyu seems to have been born in the year of Yiyou.

According to the real chronology of dynasties, Baoyu was born in the year of yiyou; According to JOE's version, Baoyu was also born in the year of Yiyou. It seems that Baoyu's real date of birth seems to be the year of Yiyou (1705). However, things are not that simple.

First of all, Jia Zheng said that Baoyu's age may be nominal. According to the folk custom, the nominal age is calculated as follows: 1 year old at birth, that is, the age is calculated from the moment of conception, so when it comes to 1 year old birthday, it is 2 years old according to the nominal age; If you were born at the end of the year, you will not only be 1 year old when you were born, but also add 1 year old on New Year's Day. If you exceed 1 year old, you will be 3 years old. According to the plot written in chapter 63 of the shroud red "Fang Qun Night Banquet", Jia Baoyu was born on a certain day at the end of April. If he was born in the period of Xu Bing (forty-five years of Kangxi 1706) and became a monk in Chen Jiadong, his nominal age is 19.

And the one hundred and fourteenth back to "Wang Xifeng's Fantasy Return to Jinling, Zhen Xuan's Return to Jade Que" wrote that when Zhen Xuan met Jia Baoyu, he told Jia Zheng about his son Zhen Baoyu, "When asked about his age, (Zhen Baoyu) was slightly one year younger than the boys here" (p. 1567). If Jia Baoyu was born in 1705, then Zhen Baoyu was born in 1706, and the real birth age of "true" Baoyu (the prototype of Baoyu) should also be 1706.

In addition, the 103rd time "Poisonous plan Jingui set herself on fire, meeting the old man in Zen Rain Village", it was written that I met Zhen at the ferry in Huiji County and thought, "If you go for 19 years, your face will grow old. You must have succeeded in cultivation and refused to tell your predecessor. " (page 1444) According to the calculation of this article, this plot happened at the end of the year of Guimao. In this way, Zhen He was first written in the Mid-Autumn Festival (1704) 19 years ago, which means that Jia Baoyu should have been born in 1704. In Jia Zheng's "19" and Jia Yucun's "19", one must be true and the other must be false. It can be inferred that if this chaotic description is not the unintentional mistake of the original author, it must be that the original author deliberately messed up the time sequence.

The author of Zhongyuan disrupted the time series in the last forty chapters, and the most obvious evidence is the description of Tanchun's marriage. On the 2nd 102, I wrote about getting married in Tanchun. As mentioned above, it was in the late autumn of Guimao. However, in the second year of Chen Jia in A.D. 1 14, Jia Zheng said to Zhen Yingjia, "It has been three years since my brother worked in Jiangxi, and I betrothed my little daughter to Shao Jun."

It seems that when Jia Baoyu was born, other evidence is needed to judge the choice, such as inferring the true age of each cycle before the 95th cycle to make the final judgment. However, at least it can be judged that the story of A Dream of Red Mansions began in one of the years 1704, 1705 and 1706.

9.3 The boundary between Renyin Year and Xin Chou Year

In the sixty-first year of Emperor Kangxi (kloc-0/722), from the seventy-first time, it was said that Jia Zheng was allowed to rest at home in January after returning to Beijing (100 1 page) to the ninety-fifth time, (Mrs. Wang) hoped her brother would come to Beijing every day (1page 343).

The year of Xin Chou (60 years of Kangxi 172 1) lasted from the seventieth to the end of this time. "It turned out that this was all because Xifeng was ill, and Li Wan couldn't take time off to do housework during the Spring Festival, and then many chores came out, so the poetry club put it aside" (p. 938).

Mr. Zhang Xiaoxia listed the seventieth time Daiyu rebuilt the Peach Blossom Poetry Society, the seventy-first time Jia Zheng returned to his hometown, and Jia Mu's "eightieth Celebration" as a year [8], which was a momentary negligence and was taken for granted by the novelist by deliberately disrupting the time sequence.

For the seventieth time, I wrote: "On this day, my sisters were waiting for breakfast in their rooms, and then a letter from Jia Zheng arrived. Baoyu paid his respects and read them to Grandmother Jia, saying that he could go to Beijing in mid-June. Jia Lian and Mrs. Wang read the rest of the letters from home. Everyone was overjoyed to hear that they were going back to Beijing in June and July. " (page 992)

Baoyu was in a panic when he knew that his father would check his homework when he came back. "When he got up to wash and dress the next day, he studied ink under the window and made a post" (page 993). By the end of March, Baoyu "worked hard every day, but the offshore tsunami was trampled by several strangers." After hearing the inscription, local officials ordered Jia Zheng to look at the relief. So go, until the end of winter. Hearing this, Baoyu put the book aside and wandered around as usual "(page 994).

But by the seventy-first time (according to the novel, it was the year of Jiayin), Jia Zheng actually returned to Beijing in July and took a month's holiday at home, just in time for the "80-day celebration" of Jia Mu on August 3 this year. Isn't that weird? From the context, the only reasonable conclusion is that Jia Zheng did not return to Beijing in June and July of the year written in the seventieth chapter, nor did he return to Beijing in the late winter of that year, but did not return home until July of the following year!

The seventy-sixth time, in the book "The flute in the Tubitang Hall is sad and lonely, and the poem in the concave crystal pavilion is sad and lonely", the grandmother said to you, "I have pitied your father-in-law for more than two years, but I forgot to punish me with a big cup." (Page 1082) You's father-in-law, Jia Jing, died at the end of the sixty-third session, that is, the day after "Shouyihong gave a banquet" (page 90 1). At the end of the year when Jia Jing died, Sister You committed suicide by swallowing raw gold (back to sixty-ninth, page 984). The following spring, Lin Daiyu and others proposed to rebuild the poetry club (seventieth, p. 990). Therefore, according to Jia Mu, Jia Jing must have died in the year of "Renzi", and the seventy years of "Lin Daiyu rebuilt the Peach Blossom Club and Shi Xiangyun occasionally wrote catkins" was the year of "Guichou".

This time series was originally clear, but the author just wanted to confuse it. The seventy-second time, just a few days after the eightieth anniversary of the third day of August, Xifeng said to Jia Lian, "I thought the day after tomorrow would be the anniversary of Sister You, so I had a good fight. Although we can't do anything else, burning a piece of paper in front of his grave is also my sister's battle. " (1023 page) This "anniversary" statement is inexplicable and totally unreasonable, which will only play a role in confusing the audience.

By the end of 107 (according to the year written in the novel), the author wrote even more outrageous-Jia Zheng said to Bei and others: "Since this official was ordered by his grandfather to study politics, he went home at the end of last winter and sent a project there. Later, I went to Dulu, Jiangxi, and returned to Beijing. He is still walking in the Ministry of Industry, and he dare not be lazy all day. " (page 1476) If this "last year" refers to "Jiayin year", it certainly doesn't make sense; If you mean "the year of shame and ugliness", you have completely ignored the fact that Jia Zheng returned to Beijing in July as written in the seventy-first chapter.

The above two obvious timing errors, one in the first 80 times and one in the last 40 times. It is unreasonable to assert that the latter is the clumsy defect exposed by the so-called sequel. There is only one possibility: the original author of the novel deliberately messed up the time sequence. There is another obvious example about this. On the ninety-fourth writing, the garden begonia bloomed, and the grandmother said, "This flower should have bloomed in March. Although it is 1 1 month, it is still1month because of the late solar term. In response to the weather in Xiaoyangchun, this flower is there because of warmth. " (page 1330) According to the time arrangement of the novel, it is indeed November at this time, but "the solar term is late" is a lie with your eyes open, because in the 95th reply that year, "beginning of spring on December 18th" explained that the solar term was very early. According to the real age restored in this paper,1February 29th, beginning of spring, namely the year of Renyin, is also considered as an earlier solar term. The author deliberately confuses the time series, which is nothing more than trying to hide the real dynasty years and confuse our clues to explore the real dynasty years.

9.4 The Yellow River burst in Renyin Year

According to the chronology of this paper, the 89th cycle also belongs to the year of Renyin (61st year of Kangxi 1722). It should be recalled that one day in the middle and late September, Jia Zhen told Mrs. Wang: "The Ministry came to report that the total river hit Henan yesterday, which broke the estuary and flooded several counties. It will also cost the state money and repair urban workers. The minister of industry took care of it again, and Britt came to inform the master. " "From now on to winter, Jia Zheng has something to do every day and often stays in the yamen." (page 1269)

Jia Zhen's words revealed two messages: first, the autumn flood of the Yellow River was a big breach in Henan; Second, the Yellow River has been breached before, so it will "spend the state's money again" and "manage it again". So, 1722 Does the Yellow River have a big breach in Henan in autumn? This is a great test of the real dynasty age inferred in this paper.

Mr. Xu of Henan Academy of Social Sciences mentioned in the article "A New Theory on the Boundary between the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yellow River": "From the 60th year of Kangxi (172 1) to the first year of Yongzheng, the Yellow River broke its mouth in Wuzhiqin Factory, Zhandian, Maying and Weizhuang for more than two years. After the flood flooded Jiaozuo, Xinxiang and Anyang, it flowed northward along the terrain, entered the Haihe River through the Weihe River, approached Beijing and Tianjin, and endangered North China. " [9]

Wei Yao in Yongzheng "Yellow Committee"? Secondly, the article "Wuzhi River Project is closely related to the safety of the world" also mentioned: "From the breach of Qin Factory in August of the 60th year of Kangxi to the closure of Maying in the first month of Yongzheng, the Qing government concentrated its manpower and financial resources to fight against the Yellow River. During this period, the national treasury once lived beyond its means. In desperation, the court urgently ordered the surrounding provinces to directly transport the silver and grain that should have arrived in Beijing to Wuzhi. " [ 10]

The draft of Qing history? "Biography Sixty-four" records that Chen Pengnian, the river chief of Kang Yong in the two dynasties, neglected to sleep and eat for four times and managed the Yellow River in Henan, resulting in exhaustion:

Sixty years (Kangxi), Chen Pengnian ordered Zhang Peng, an important minister, to survey the Lu Yu Canal. The river course decided to Mayingkou, Wuzhi County, and directly poured into Zhang Qiu from Changyuan, and ordered Zhao Shixian, the river chief, to block it. After a long discussion, Peng Nian said, "The old dike of the Yellow River burst into the Bajiuli River and slid straight to the overflow. It is suitable to open a diversion river at the foot of Guangwu Mountain on the other side. Even to the east of the breach, the diversion river will still return to Zheng He before it can be blocked. " Play into the purport. The world showed that Peng Nian was appointed as the river chief.

196 1 year, Mayingkou was blocked again. Peng Nian said, "The terrain is low. Although there is river diversion, the water flow is not smooth. Only points up and down, kill its fierce anger. At the junction of Qin and Huang, please open an approach river, and the water flows southeast into Yingze River, and then you can build a dike. " A letter is like a letter.

First of all, Maying burst because Taohong was difficult to complete; Niu Niu, the deputy commander-in-chief, was ordered to read the river, playing Qinjiachang to block the building, but the work was successful, while Nanba made a spin of more than 120 feet and entered Mayingdong. Peng Nian conspired with Governor Yang. In fact, the north dam tail has collapsed 100 feet. This proposal was built in Pengnian. Sejong acceded to the throne, life really except. At that time, the north and south dam tails merged and collapsed, which was the second interception, but Mayingkou was not blocked yet. In the year of Peng, I stayed in the river and was exhausted. In the first year of Yongzheng, he was ill and sent a physician to see him. Looking for a pawn, when he heard about this, he said, "Peng has been overworked for many years and is not in the government. I heard that there is an 80-year-old mother in her family, and her room seems to be hanging out. This is really a minister who has devoted himself to death. "

As can be seen from the above quotation, the Yellow River does have a big breach in 1722 Henan. Jia Zhen's statement that "it will cost the state's money again, and the city workers and the department officials of the Ministry of Industry will take care of it" may imply that the Qing government handled the situation that "Mayingkou was blocked in Kangxi 61"; And "from now to winter, Jia Zheng has something to do every day, often in the yamen", which is also in line with the historical reality of the Qing government's difficulty in governing the river.

9.5 Gengzi died on New Year's Day, congratulating the old lady.

In the year of Gengzi (59th year of Kangxi 1720), from the 53rd session, "On the 29th day of the twelfth lunar month, all colors are ready. Both families have changed their door gods, posted couplets and continued their Taofu "(page 744). By the seventieth time," Only the beautiful maids in the room of He 'an and Li Wan have gone out, and the rest are underage. Let them marry themselves outside "(page 988).

According to the comparison table of modern Chinese and western historical days, beginning of spring in the year of Gengzi was on1February 26th last year (1720, Sunday) [1 1], so the 29th twelfth lunar month belongs to the year of Gengzi.

The fifty-third time, it was written "the day after the 29th of the twelfth lunar month", and the old lady and others went to the palace to "pay their respects". When they came back, they took their children to the ancestral temple for a big sacrifice. In the seventh chapter, the author has demonstrated in detail: according to the court etiquette system since the Han Dynasty, according to the Qing Dynasty's legal system "Qing Hui Dian" and "Ze Example", Jia Mu's "Chaohe" must be on New Year's Day (the first day of the first month), and this "Chaohe" is undoubtedly to congratulate the emperor; The next day, Jia Mu and others went to Chaohe again. This second "Chaohe" is undoubtedly for Chaohe and the Empress Dowager. Jia Mu entered the palace for the second time to congratulate Yuan Chun, who was born on the second day of the first month.

From this point of view,1February of the previous year was definitely a miscarriage, only 29 days. So, what is the actual situation of the calendar? Looking up the comparison table of modern Chinese and western historical days, we can see that December in Jihai is a miscarriage, with only 29 days, and the day after the 29th of the twelfth lunar month is the first day of the first month of New Year's Day!

It can be seen that the author of the novel really describes congratulations according to the actual situation of the calendar, and it also shows that the author of the novel really weaves stories according to the real dynasty. The author clearly wrote "Sacrifice to the Ancestral Hall on New Year's Eve" in the fifty-third session, which is obviously a "cover-up method" of "building a plank road and crossing the old warehouse in secret".

Chapter 55 begins: "Suppose the Lantern Festival has passed. Because filial piety is the rule of the world today, there are toffees in the palace, so the concubines have reduced their meals and thanked the makeup. Not only can they not save their loved ones, but they will also be free from feasting. Therefore, there are no riddles in Fu Rong this year. " (page 769)

This passage is very interesting. First, it is proposed that "ruling the world by filial piety" is a national policy system; Secondly, it mentioned that a "toffee" fell ill, which led to a grand royal funeral later.

Filial piety is one of the core contents of Confucian ethics. "Ruling the world with filial piety" comes from the book Filial Piety written by Confucius disciple Zeng Shen. In the eighth chapter of the Book of Filial Piety, Ceng Zi put forward the principle of "ruling the world with filial piety". Confucian scholars in past dynasties strongly advocated "filial piety", and feudal emperors also used it to serve their own rule. In Qing dynasty, "ruling the world by filial piety" was an established national policy, and a set of strict rules was formed to strengthen education. Mr. Chang Jianhua's "On the Clan System Policy of Filial Piety in Qing Dynasty" [12] has an in-depth discussion on this, and readers can refer to it for themselves. The author wants to point out that Article 55 reminds that "ruling the world by filial piety" is a national policy system, which actually reveals the real dynasty in which the story written in the novel took place.

The sick old lady princess mentioned in chapter 55 finally died in chapter 58. Jia and others not only go to pay homage to the wake every day, but also go to the funeral, which is nearly two months:

Who knows that the old lady's concubine mentioned last time is dead, and everyone who is ordered to enter the DPRK must follow the rules. Tell the world: If you have a noble family, you can't have fun for one year, and you can't marry Shu Ren in March. Mother-in-law, daughter-in-law, grandparents and grandchildren of Xing, Wang, You and Xu. They all go to worship in the DPRK every day, and then come back if they are not right. On the 21st day after the Imperial Palace, Fang invited Ling to enter the Immortal Mausoleum, which was called Xiaoci County. This mausoleum has been in contact with the capital for ten days. Now, please stay here for a few days before entering the underground palace, so it will take a month. (Page 8 17)

As can be seen from the fifty-eighth and fifty-ninth chapters, it was a few days after Tomb-Sweeping Day that Jia Mu and others went to see the spirits off, so the burial of the old lady princess should be about 20 days after Tomb-Sweeping Day. Tomb-Sweeping Day in the fifty-ninth year of Kangxi was on February 27th (April 4th in Gregorian calendar) [13], so the old lady was buried at the end of March or the beginning of April in the lunar calendar.

So, did an old lady really die in 59 years of Kangxi? Find out the draft history? Biographies of Sages III. In the fifty-ninth year of Kangxi, no old lady died. In the fifty-sixth year of Kangxi, in December, a great man was seriously ill and was buried in April, the Reform Movement of 1898.

In Shen Jia, in December (according to the author, the fourth day of the lunar calendar, slight cold, solar calendar1718 65438+1Wednesday, October 5), the empress dowager gradually became ill, and she was ill for more than 70 days, with swollen feet, and helped the Ningshou Palace in Japan. Bing Xu (according to the author, the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, Gregorian calendar1718 65438+1Friday, 7 October), the empress dowager collapsed, made an imperial edict, took a suit, cut her braids and moved to the palace. ..... (March) (according to the author's records, March 12th of the lunar calendar, April of the solar calendar/Tuesday of Kloc-0/2), the Shanghang Queen called Xiao Hui Renxian Duan Yi the Queen of Chun Deshun's providence. ..... In the summer of April (according to the author's records, the seventh day of the fourth lunar month, long summer, and Friday, May 6th of the Gregorian calendar), Xiao was buried in Xiaodong Mausoleum.

Who is this "Queen Xiao Zhang Hui" who swollen Emperor Kangxi's feet, visited her every day and held a grand funeral after her death? It turned out that she was the deposed mother of the emperor shunzhi and Emperor Kangxi. The draft of Qing history? Biography 1 contains:

Xiao, Borzigit family, and a lovely woman among Horqin beauties. In May of the 11th year of Shunzhi, she was hired as a princess, and in June, she was the queen of Zhongshu. Dong Eshi, the imperial concubine, is lucky, and then she is not afraid. In the first month of the fifteenth year, the empress dowager was unprepared, and the etiquette was sparse after taking over. She was ordered to enter the palace to write a watch and consult with the kings, Baylor and ministers. In March, it was sealed as the old system by the empress dowager. The Holy Father ascended the throne, was honored as the Empress Dowager, and lived in Mercy Palace.

Although Queen Xiao Xianghui was not favored by Shunzhi, Kangxi treated her with great respect and filial piety, reburied her after her death, and punished those college students who made irresponsible remarks about her posthumous title. The draft of Qing history? Biography 1:

Empress Xu Bing died at the age of 77. Pay tribute to the numbers. In March of fifty-seven years, Xiaoling was buried in the east. At the beginning of the emblem of the Queen Mother, National Day must be added. When I arrived in Pingping, I called Ren Xian the Queen Mother of Jubilee. There are also Beng, Shangyi, and college students. It's not the fault of sai-jo. It's the order to pay tribute to Gao Empress, Wen Empress and university students in the ancestral temple and Fengxian Hall. Moreover, the proposed death did not leave more emblems, and life was discussed. Yongzheng and Qianlong add up, and they are called Renxian Cian Chundeshun Tianyi Shengzhang Queen.

The draft of Qing history? Sixty-seven "Rite Eleven" (a fierce ceremony) recorded that when Emperor Kangxi buried the filial piety queen, his feet had not healed and he could only be carried for dinner and travel:

Bolzigit, the ancestral queen, died in 561February. First, the illness worsened, and courtiers were invited to attend the funeral after a well-off life. The emperor said, "Filial piety promotes long-term life. I'm just ten years old and I'm assisting the minister in mourning. I'm afraid I haven't prepared the ceremony yet. " After seeing Renxiao, the funeral ceremony was quite clear. If there is something important, discuss it. "And collapse, the emperor will be ill, after a few seats, then into a suit. I was dizzy from crying, and there was a Sue. Ministers knocked on the door to persuade, but encouraged the side hall. Will be buried in the palace, please send wine to Yushilang. The emperor said, "I want to drink this first sacrifice myself." Can this ceremony be repeated in Ningshou Palace? "On that day, I sent a glass of wine to the Lord and saluted on the couch next to several tables. Since Zigong, I have come out of the west gate of Ningshou Palace with tears in my eyes. I looked up and saw that there was no spiritual drive, but I stopped mourning and paid tribute again. A big sacrifice, less foot disease, that is, a personal ceremony to salute the funeral palace. She called Xiao Taihou Zhang Hui and buried Xiao Dongling.

Cite the above historical materials in detail to explain two problems related to the novel: first, the so-called "ruling the world with filial piety today" is a reference to the Kangxi Dynasty; Second, the so-called "old lady's concubine" refers to Xiao's "old lady" who died at the age of 77. Literary figures and realistic figures not only live in the same era environment, but also have similar ages and burial dates, and the names of burial places are also very similar. The former is "Xiaoci County" and the latter is "Little Dongling".

Interestingly, the ninety-fifth time I wrote about the funeral after Yuan Chun's death, "Jia Zheng is also Xiaohong. Although it is handled according to the instructions, it has to be handled in class, and colleagues have to ask for advice. Both ends are busy, not more than the funeral of the former queen mother and Zhou Fei "(1344 page). The "Princess Zhou" here refers to the "Princess Zhou" who died in the eighty-sixth cycle, while the "Queen Mother" can only refer to the "Taifei" mentioned above. If the last forty chapters were written by an outsider who had nothing to do with the Cao family, why did the sequel author change the black and white "Taifei" to "Empress Dowager"? Only when the author of the last 40 chapters is the author of the first 80 chapters can this question be answered reasonably.

As mentioned above, Xiao did not die in the year of Gengzi, but in Ding Younian three years ago and was buried in the year of 1898 two years ago. So is the presumption that the old lady died in the year of Gengzi incorrect? The answer is no, Xiao Huanghou is only the prototype of the old lady princess, and the author of the novel has made some literary processing, which are not exactly the same. For example, filial piety died in December, while the old lady died in February and March. In addition, the presumption of Gengzi Year can be further confirmed by inferring the true age of the period before and after.

As I wrote in Chapter 56, just after the Lantern Festival, the Zhen Shi family in the south of the Yangtze River went to Beijing to pay New Year's greetings (this kind of congratulations may be due to the birthday of the emperor, queen or crown prince) and sent people to Jia's home to pay New Year's greetings. Grandmother asked Zhen Baoyu's age, and Zhen's maid replied, "I'm thirteen years old." On page 793, Zhen Xuan replied in the first 1 14 that Zhen Baoyu was "slightly one year younger" than Jia Baoyu (page 1567). From this point of view, Jia Baoyu must be 14 years old in the year of Gengzi, so he must have been born before 1706.