In which city and district are Linxia Prefecture and Hezheng County in Gansu Province located respectively?

Industry: Linxia Prefecture and Hezheng County, Gansu Province

Hezheng County is located in the south of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province, with east longitude 103 5'- 103 30' and north latitude 35 7'-35 32'. It is 37.5 kilometers wide from east to west and 46 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of 960 square kilometers, which is exactly one tenth of the territory of the motherland. The county seat is 22km away from the provincial capital Lanzhou 12O, the national highway G2 13 runs through the east and west, and the provincial highway Lin Hao Road runs through the north and south for 26km.

County People's Government is located in Chengguan Town, with postal code of 73 1200. Code: 622925. Area code: 0930. Pinyin: Hezheng County.

Hezheng history

In ancient times, it was called Jinjian and Ninghe. Before the Han Dynasty, the western part of Taizi Mountain, where Hezheng Niuyangpo was flooded, was a wasteland. In the fourth year of Song Chongning (1 105), Ninghe County was established, and the name of Ninghe began. In the tenth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (153 1), a political post was established, and the political name began; In the Republic of China 18 (1929), Hexian County was established on March 26th and liberated on August 26th, 1949. On September 5, the county people's government was established.

Hezheng geography

Hezheng is located at the intersection of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Northwest Loess Plateau, with high terrain in the south and low terrain in the north. The southern part is a rocky mountain area formed by the western extension of the Qinling Mountains, and the northern part is a loess hilly and gully region with the characteristics of the Loess Plateau. The mountain range dominated by Taizi Mountain forms four mountain systems extending from north to south and two mountain systems extending from east to west, which divides the whole territory into four valleys and two valleys. The whole landform is characterized by continuous mountains and rivers, criss-crossing gullies and swift currents. The highest peak of the Taizishan system in the south is 4368 meters above sea level, and the lowest point in the north is 1900 meters above sea level. The open valley near the county seat is about 2200 meters above sea level. The landform of the county presents a natural landscape with rolling hills, criss-crossing gullies, many mountains and few rivers. The whole territory belongs to the continental climate of the north temperate zone, with the plateau climate characteristics of "late spring and early autumn, long winter and short summer". It rains and snows in spring, and the high temperature is short and low in summer, with heavy rain and hail. In autumn, the temperature drops quickly and it is rainy. Winter is long and dry, with an annual rainfall of 639 mm, concentrated in July and August of the lunar calendar. Crops are vulnerable to autumn floods. Due to the great disparity in topography between the north and the south, the climate between regions is quite different, and the phenomenon of wet in the south and dry in the north or wet in the north and waterlogging in the south often occurs. The annual average sunshine is 2457 hours, the frost-free period is 133 days, and the annual average temperature is 5℃.

The county has developed and utilized more than 339,000 mu of agricultural land, accounting for 23.6% of the total area; Forestry land is 348,400 mu, accounting for 25% of the total area; There are 443,800 mu of grassland, accounting for 28.4% of the total area. Agriculture in the county is mainly based on growing food. Grain crops mainly include spring wheat, highland barley, broad beans and potatoes, and other crops include peas, corn, buckwheat, millet, big oats and small oats.

administrative division

Hezheng County governs 5 towns and 8 townships 1 Ethnic townships: Chengguan Town, sanhe town, Sanlipu Town, Majiapu Town, Mohammad Town, Liangjiasi Dongxiang Township, Chenjiaji Township, Luojiaji Township, Bujiazhuang Township, Xinying Township, Guantangou Township, Xinzhuang Township, Diaotan Township and Dalang Township.

The county has a total area of 960 square kilometers, which is 0/00 kilometers away from Lanzhou, the provincial capital, and 33 kilometers away from Linxia, the state capital. Total population195,000, of which ethnic minorities account for 57.4% of the total population. The terrain is high in the south and low in the north, with many mountains and few rivers. The forest coverage rate is 29% and the vegetation coverage rate is over 80%. It is known as "the green pearl of Gansu".

natural resource

Hezheng county is rich in agricultural products such as wheat, corn, broad beans, rape and Chinese herbal medicines. Water resources include five rivers, namely Tangya River, Danancha River and Oxford River, which originate from Taizishan, and the exploitable amount is 1.56 million kilowatts. Forest product resources mainly include local forest fruit-Pite fruit, commonly known as sour pear and tooth bread, which is rich in trace elements such as amino acids.

Hezheng has rich natural heritage and cultural accumulation. It is one of the origins of Hehuang flowers. The Songming Rock Flower Festival, which falls on April 28th of the lunar calendar every year, is large in scale and enjoys a good reputation in the northwest. It was named "China Flower Heritage Base" by China Citizens Association. There are more than 10 tourist attractions represented by Songmingyan, Nanyang Mountain, Judy, Taizishan, Tiegou and Sigou. There are 15 tourist attractions represented by Qijia cultural site in Zhengjiaping, Dalang Township; There are more than 30 kinds of ancient animal fossils occupying the top six places in the world, and the "Hezheng Sheep" named by me and the government is rare in the world. Known as "the oriental treasure of the animal kingdom" and "the hometown of ancient animal fossils". There is a unique charm, the famous Hezhou land "Hezheng Yangko". Songmingyan, a national AAAA-level tourist attraction, is the main place for Lebafo, one of the leaders of the peasant uprising in southern Jiangxi, to sit on the bed and shave and engage in revolution. Tangya Village, a buyer town, is the leader of Longyou underground struggle and the hometown of Mr. Bai Guangbi, a famous ethnologist, religious scientist, famous educator in our province and former president of Northwest Normal University. The word "hanging pot leaks" in the existing Zhushan Park is one of the two remains of Jie Jin, a great scholar in the Ming Dynasty, when he was relegated to Hezhou.

In recent years, politics and the previous team have not relaxed their development. Relying on the advantages of resources, they focus on cultivating five major industries: tourism, rape, animal husbandry, special beer products and labor services. They worked hard to play three tourist trump cards: paleontological fossils, Songmingyan and Huaer. The economy and society are developing vigorously, and the spirit of cadres and the masses is unprecedentedly high. The county presents political stability, economic development, social stability, national unity, religious harmony, entrepreneurial development of cadres and officials, and the masses love it.

A trip to ninghe river

Hezheng county is rich in agricultural products such as wheat, corn, broad beans, rape and Chinese herbal medicines. Water resources include five rivers, namely Tangya River, Danancha River and Oxford River, which originate from Taizishan, and the exploitable amount is 1.56 million kilowatts. Forest product resources mainly include local forest fruit-Pite fruit, commonly known as sour pear and tooth bread, which is rich in trace elements such as amino acids.

Hezheng has rich natural heritage and cultural accumulation. It is one of the origins of Hehuang flowers. The Songming Rock Flower Festival, which falls on April 28th of the lunar calendar every year, is large in scale and enjoys a good reputation in the northwest. It was named "China Flower Heritage Base" by China Citizens Association. There are more than 10 tourist attractions represented by Songmingyan, Nanyang Mountain, Judy, Taizishan, Tiegou and Sigou. There are 15 tourist attractions represented by Qijia cultural site in Zhengjiaping, Dalang Township; There are more than 30 kinds of ancient animal fossils occupying the top six places in the world, and the "Hezheng Sheep" named by me and the government is rare in the world. Known as "the oriental treasure of the animal kingdom" and "the hometown of ancient animal fossils". There is a unique charm, the famous Hezhou land "Hezheng Yangko". Songmingyan, a national AAAA-level tourist attraction, is the main place for Lebafo, one of the leaders of the peasant uprising in southern Jiangxi, to sit on the bed and shave and engage in revolution. Tangya Village, a buyer town, is the leader of Longyou underground struggle and the hometown of Mr. Bai Guangbi, a famous ethnologist, religious scientist, famous educator in our province and former president of Northwest Normal University. The word "hanging pot leaks" in the existing Zhushan Park is one of the only two works left when Jie Jin, a great scholar in the Ming Dynasty, relegated Hezhou.

In recent years, politics and the previous team have not relaxed their development. Relying on the advantages of resources, they focus on cultivating five major industries: tourism, rape, animal husbandry, special beer products and labor services. They worked hard to play three tourist trump cards: paleontological fossils, Songmingyan and Huaer. The economy and society are developing vigorously, and the spirit of cadres and the masses is unprecedentedly high. The county presents political stability, economic development, social stability, national unity, religious harmony, entrepreneurial development of cadres and officials, and the masses love it.

Hezheng museum of ancient animal fossils

According to the research of archaeologists, in the late Miocene, 24 million to 5.2 million years ago, there were many lakes dotted here, rivers meandered freely, and the land was lush with vegetation, which was a paradise for all kinds of vertebrate paleontology to thrive.

I. Types and Values of Fossils Found

So far, Hezheng Museum of Ancient Animal Fossils has nearly 10,000 ancient animal fossils. Academician Qiu Zhanxiang, the most authoritative and famous paleontologist in China, and a group of cultural relics experts made a comprehensive and systematic appraisal of the fossil specimens in the collection: these fossils belong to four different mammalian groups in the late Cenozoic and are buried in four geological layers with different lithology in Hezheng area: the giant rhinoceros fauna 30 million years ago was buried in the red gravel at the bottom; In the lower fluvial-lacustrine strata, there are shovel-toothed elephant fauna 6.5438+0.3 million years ago. The central part is dominated by red soil, and there are three-toed horse fauna buried about 6.5438+million years ago. The true horse fauna 2 million years ago was buried in the loess accumulation in the upper part. It occupies the best of the six worlds: the unique political sheep in the world; The world's largest origin of three-toed horse fossils; The world's most abundant shovel-toothed elephant fossil-the individual development series history of shovel-toothed elephant skull; The world's earliest hairy rhinoceros skull fossil; The world's largest real horse-ehrlich horse; The world's largest hyena-giant hyena. Among them, there are more than 50 first-class products, more than 80 second-class products/kloc-0, and more than 350 third-class products. At the same time, experts confirmed that "the fossils excavated by Hezheng are rare shovel-toothed elephants and three-toed horse fossils in the world, and the number is far greater than that collected in any known contemporary place in Eurasia, which is rare in the world", which has extremely high scientific research, collection and exhibition value.

1. Paleovertebrate fossils with scientific research value, which lived from130,000 to10,000 years ago, are the important material basis and information source for studying the uplift history, paleoenvironment and paleoclimate of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and have been closely concerned by geologists and paleontologists at home and abroad. Since 1980s, China Academy of Sciences, Provincial Museum, Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Peking University and many other scientific research units, as well as scholars from the United States, Japan, Switzerland and other countries have visited Linxia for many times to study geology and paleontology, and achieved a series of positive results. It is confirmed that the various and well-preserved fossil specimens collected in our county will provide important new data for the evolution of paleogeography, paleoclimate, paleoecological environment and paleofauna in Linxia area and the uplift history of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We believe that there are more than 6,000 ancient animal fossils collected by the government, many of which are extremely precious and have high scientific research value. Some of them are not only excellent in China, but also rare typical fossils in the world, which are of great academic significance. (Qiu Zhanxiang)

2. Precious paleontological fossils are non-renewable resources. In the 1920s, the shovel-toothed elephant fossils found in Tongur, Inner Mongolia, and the three-toed horse fauna found in Baode, Shaanxi, enjoyed a high reputation in the world paleontology. Most of these fossils are now stored in foreign museums, which brings great difficulties to the study of geology and paleontology in China. These fossil specimens collected in Hezheng county can be compared with the fossils in the above-mentioned classic areas in terms of species, quantity and quality, thus filling an important gap in the collection of ancient mammalian fossils in China.

3. The fossil specimens preserved in the Museum of Political Paleontology are all fossils of extinct animals, mostly skulls and gums, especially the skeletal fossils of large animals such as elephants and medium-sized animals such as giraffes and rhinoceroses, which have high scientific research value and strong intuitive science education significance for teenagers and the general public, and are vivid history textbooks for understanding prehistoric creatures and environment in Gansu.

2. The characteristics and significance of fossils in the collection

And the number of fossils of ancient animals is rare in the world. Among them, the fossil reserves of the three-toed horse and the number of skull fossils collected are the first in Eurasia, surpassing the most famous Greek three-toed horse fauna Pikmi and Sarramos in the world; The fossil of shovel-toothed elephant fauna is the most abundant not only in China, but also in Eurasia, and its quantity exceeds the collections of new york Museum of Natural History and Beijing Museum of Natural History. Kuban pig fossils are also the best specimens in the world. These fossils were formed in the late Cenozoic and are the key to the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. They are the evidence of biological evolution, unique in China, and have high scientific research, collection and exhibition value. Some specimens are not only excellent in China, but also rare typical fossils in the world, which have important academic significance. These fossil specimens can be compared with the fossils in the above-mentioned classic areas in terms of species, quantity and quality. Among the collected fossils, the completeness rate of fairly complete and relatively complete specimens is 97.3%, and all of them are the remains of extinct animals. And the distribution of fossils in Hezheng area is completely clear. According to the materials currently available, Hezheng area may contain several layers of fauna, even earlier than the three-toed fauna. The lithology of fossil-rich strata in Hezheng area is different from that in other areas, and it is a kind of soil-like accumulation close to loess, which shows that the paleogeomorphology and paleoclimate conditions in Hezheng area in the late Miocene are different from those in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. The uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has always been an arduous and glorious task for China scientists to explore the transformation of China's geomorphology and climate, and even its impact on the global climate pattern. Such a rich fossil of ancient animals, especially a large number of three-toed horse fauna, makes it possible for us to make a systematic and in-depth study on the evolution of the late Tertiary mammal fauna. These continuous sections rich in mammalian fossils are rare evidence reflecting the uplift history of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and their potential value to be explored is no less than that of Sevalik on the south slope of the world-famous Mount Everest. Hezheng fossils are known as "oriental treasures" and "plateau history books" in paleontology. Its excavation and discovery have unveiled the mystery of the uplift and change of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, opened a window for human beings to peek into the ancient civilization of the Yellow River, and attracted extensive attention of paleontologists at home and abroad.

Three. Protection and development of cultural relics

Hezheng ancient animal fossils are an important non-renewable natural heritage of the motherland. In order to develop and protect this precious cultural resource, successive Linxia state committees, state governments, Hezheng county committees and county governments have made long-term unremitting efforts. From discovery to protection and collection, it has gone through a difficult process from ignorance to cognition, and then to fully understand its unique value. With the care and support of relevant departments and superior leaders, in September 2003, the Hezheng Ancient Animal Fossil Museum with an investment of15.25 million yuan, covering an area of 19.2 mu and a construction area of 3,850 square meters was officially completed and opened. In order to further promote the comprehensive protection and sustainable development of political and ancient animal fossils and realize the effective combination of cultural relics protection and tourism development, the second phase of the museum with a total investment of 30 million yuan was started again on August 5, 2005, and the second phase of the museum was officially completed and opened on August 7, 2006. More than 80 pieces of 180 exquisite ancient animal fossils and 15 animal bones representing four animal groups in different periods are displayed in the museum, and large-scale background paintings of various animal life scenes with an area of 800 square meters are interspersed. Create a real scene of ancient animal life, and truly reproduce the original ecological environment of ancient animal life in different historical periods through modern sound, light and electricity display means such as waterfalls, bridges, running water, giant mountains, mechanical animals, animal sculptures and space imaging.

Hezheng Ancient Animal Fossil Museum is one of the few professional museums in China. The completion and commissioning of the first and second museums have provided convenience for holding unique scientific exhibitions, accepting professional researchers at home and abroad, carrying out professional cultural exchanges and popularizing science among teenagers and tourists, and built a bridge connecting the ancient city of Ninghe. The fossil museum is the window for the world to learn about ancient animals. Everyone who loves nature will experience a great spiritual shock when they come here.

Songmingyan National AAAA Forest Park

Songmingyan is a national AAAA forest park and a provincial-level scenic spot. It is located in the valley of Diaotan Township, Hezheng County, 55 kilometers away from Lanzhou City 145, and 55 kilometers away from Songmingyan Linxia City. The highest peak is 2730 meters above sea level. The scenic spot covers an area of 33 square kilometers and consists of four peaks: Nanwutai, Xiding, HuangYufeng and Jiguan Mountain. Because it is abrupt and straight, it looks like a pen, also known as "Bijia Mountain". Here, the Qingfeng Mountain meets the clouds, the Gu Song is towering, the four seasons are foggy, and the water is gurgling all year round. Whenever the mountain wind blows hard, the sound of pines is like waves, shaking the canyon, hence the name "Songming Rock". In ancient times, there was a "lush green" scenic spot name. There are more than 200 species of trees and shrubs, 0/74 species of wild flowers and trees, 205 species of wild medicinal materials, and 0/0 species of wild fruits with certain economic and ornamental value. Rich plant resources make the four seasons of the scenic spot change dramatically and the landscape is rich and changeable. It is also called "the kingdom of green plants". The Songmingyan Buddhist Temple, built in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, is surrounded by mountains and waters and is hidden among evergreen trees. Magnificent and dangerous, it has been burning incense for hundreds of years. The annual Song Ming Rock Flower Show is even more grand. Its main attractions are: welcome to the capital, bells ringing in the secluded temple, worship in the temple, majestic posture in the Hall of Great Heroes, hanging spring waterfall, overpass, first sight, Tongxin pine and so on.

On June165438+1October 12, 2020, the list of the top 100 counties and cities with county tourism development potential was announced, and Hezheng County was on the list.

On March 5, 20 19, Hezheng county was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 18.

On February 29th, 2065438+08, 18, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission named Hexian County as the sixth batch of national demonstration zones for national unity and progress.