Introduce the physical geography of Kaifeng.

Kaifeng is bounded by11351'51÷—15' 42 ÷ N 34 165448. 69 meters to 78 meters above sea level. Shangqiu City is in the east, Zhengzhou City, the provincial capital, is in the west, Xuchang City and Zhoukou City are in the south, and the Yellow River and Zhongyuan Oilfield are across the river in the north. The total area is 6444 square kilometers, including 362 square kilometers in the urban area. It is about 92km wide from north to south and126km long from east to west. It is 500 kilometers east of Lianyungang, the port city at the eastern end of the Eurasian Continental Bridge, and 72 kilometers west of Zhengzhou, the provincial capital. On the map of China, it is located in the center of East Henan Plain.

[Edit this paragraph] III. Climate and environment

Kaifeng has a warm temperate continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons, abundant sunshine, mild climate and moderate rainfall, and there are many northeast winds in spring and autumn. The annual average temperature is 14℃, and the annual average rainfall is 670 mm. The coverage rate of Kaifeng, a water city in the north of the forest, is higher than the national average. The best travel time: 65438+ 10 September, when the weather is mild and the precipitation is moderate, you can also enjoy the blooming chrysanthemums.

Kaifeng is located in the vast eastern Henan plain, with no mountains, many rivers and lakes, mild climate, abundant rainfall, rich groundwater resources and good natural ecological environment. The rivers in Kaifeng belong to the Yellow River and Huaihe River. Among them, there are 32 rivers, such as Yellow River, Wohe River, Huiji River and Jia Luhe, with a drainage area of over 100 square kilometers. There are three garden attractions in the urban area: Long Ting, Iron Tower and Yuwangtai. Baogong Lake, Longting Lake and Tieta Lake are connected by water system, and the lake area accounts for a quarter of the urban area, so it is called the northern water city. According to 1999 statistics, the urban greening coverage rate is 34.4%, and the national forest coverage rate is higher than the national average. The average noise is 57.2 decibels, the comprehensive index of air pollution is 88.7, and the standard rate of drinking water quality is over 95%, all of which are controlled within the national standards. Trees are mainly paulownia, willow and Sophora japonica. Yellow River Beach and Liuyuankou Wetland Nature Reserve are natural habitats for many birds. Crops are mainly wheat, cotton, corn, soybeans and peanuts. Oil, natural gas and underground mineral water resources are also abundant.

Kaifeng has a total land area of 628,240.26 hectares, of which 434,732,438+04 hectares are cultivated land, accounting for 69.20% of the total land area. Garden area10,456.84 hectares, accounting for1.66%; The forestland area is 24,026.26 hectares, accounting for 3.82%; Residential areas and industrial and mining land are 83,750.85 hectares, accounting for13.33%; Traffic land 17822.06 hectares, accounting for 2.84%; The water area is 46,964.21hectare, accounting for 7.48%; Unused land10,487.90 hectares, accounting for 1.67%.

The underground resources in Kaifeng area have been proved to be oil and natural gas. It is estimated that the total output of oil is 560 million tons and the natural gas reserves are 48.5 billion cubic meters, which have been exploited in large quantities. Coal resources are deeply buried, and the predicted reliable reserves are 7.79 billion tons. In addition, there are abundant limestone, rock salt, gypsum and other mineral deposits underground.

Kaifeng's water resources mainly include surface water and shallow groundwater, with an average of 835 million cubic meters (excluding transit water) for many years. Among them, surface water is 35 1 10,000 cubic meters, accounting for 42% of the total resources, and groundwater is 484 million cubic meters (allowable exploitation), accounting for 58% of the total resources.