How to practice opera singing

Stage 1: Practice breathing before making a sound. The research data show that under normal circumstances, people breathe 16- 19 times per minute, and each breath lasts about 3 or 4 seconds. When singing, one breath is sometimes extended by more than ten seconds, and the inhalation time is short and the exhalation time is long. Therefore, it is necessary to master the essentials of keeping the breath in the lungs and exhaling slowly.

(1) "Deep Breathing and Slow Breathing Control Extension Exercise".

The key points are: first learn to "store gas", first compress gas to discharge waste gas, then treat the gap between the nose and the tip of the tongue as "sniffing flowers", breathe freely naturally and lightly until it is full, then sink into the abdomen, slowly relax the chest ribs, and make the gas exhale slowly like a long stream of water, and breathe evenly. The longer the control time, the better. Repeat the exercise 4-6 times.

(b) "Deep breathing and slow dialing practice"

We call the first step "sucking and pushing". The breath of "sucking and pushing" is inward, and the breath of "pushing" is outward and downward. We do breathing extension exercises when we push. We recommend three training methods:

A. Counting exercise: "Suck" is the same as before. While "pushing", count the number "123456789 10" softly and quickly, and count it repeatedly until you run out of gas, and see how many times you can count it repeatedly.

B. "Counting dates" exercise: "Suck" is the same as before. At the same time of "pushing", I whispered, "Go out of the east gate and cross the bridge. There is a jujube under the bridge. Hit dates with bamboo poles. A jujube is more green and less red (full of breath). One date, two dates, three dates, four dates, five dates, five dates ... until this breath runs out, see how many dates you can count. Repeat 4-6 times.

C. "Counting the gourd" exercise: "Suction" is the same as before. While "pushing", say softly: "Golden gourd, silver gourd, one breath is no more than 24 gourds (full breath), one gourd, two gourds, three gourds ..." Repeat this breathing for 4-6 times until you are exhausted.

Count the numbers, "jujube" and "gourd" to control the breath, so the more you practice, the more you control it. Never run out of breath. There will be pain in the abdomen at first, and after a period of practice, you will consciously make great progress.

(c) "Deep Breathing, Slow Breathing and Long Tone Practice"

After breath practice, the voice began to join gradually. This exercise is still based on practicing qi, supplemented by vocalization. At the same time, choose a middle and low-pitched area, where boys pronounce "ah" gently (loud "ah" is consistent with practicing qi) and girls pronounce "yi" gently (small voice pronounces "yi" to make it. Hold it in one breath, and the sound outlet is cylindrical and wavy, which can be long or long and can be practiced repeatedly.

"breathing exercises"

This is an exercise with half a voice and half a breath. Put your hands in your waist or cover your abdomen, hold your breath in the abdomen and rush out to your forehead and throat at the same time. The voice is mainly low and elastic, and the abdomen and diaphragm pop out at the same time under tensile force. We introduce three exercises:

A. Hold your breath, quickly "clap, clap" (repeatedly) in your mouth, and make a "bang, bang" staccato at the end of this breath. Repeat 4-6 times.

Stretch your feet in one breath, first slowly, then quickly pronounce "haha" (repetition) (acceleration) hahaha ... "Practice has explosive staccato, and" haha ... "Laughter", "aha" and "cough" are commonly used in singing.

C. Stretch your feet in one breath, and then slowly and quickly pronounce "hey-rough, hey-rough" (repeated and gradually accelerated) and "hey-rough, hey-rough ..." until your strength is exhausted, and practice repeatedly.

After this stage of practice, qi is the foundation of sound, and qi is the handsome breath of sound. The "place where qi can accommodate" has been basically excited and active, while sound has been brewing protection. On this basis, you can begin to prepare for the sound practice.

The second stage: the practice of qi, sound and words.

Opera actors, especially Beijing opera actors, including opera lovers, are prone to make mistakes in singing. They wish they couldn't shout a loud and bright voice soon, and rushing to shout high notes, fierceness and even wildness often backfired. When we study vocal music practice, it is beneficial to practice the breath first, and we need to make clear a gradual law and persevere. In this third stage, we suggest that we should not rush to climb scales and shout high notes, but practice from the combination of qi, sound and words. The relationship between them should be arranged in this order: qi is sound, sound is cavity, cavity is word, word is word, and word is emotion. From this order, we can see that the position of the word is in the center, the sound and cavity are in front, and the word and emotion are in the back. If it crashes, the whole game will be lost. The truthfulness of pronunciation determines the roundness of sound, and it is this principle that "words speak for themselves". The relationship between words, sounds and qi in shouting practice should be that "qi" is fully supported, "sound" is accurately recognized, and "words" are truly bitten. The specific methods are as follows: enlarge and slow down the prefix, abdomen and suffix with Chinese pinyin, practice pronunciation with Chinese characters, and then speed up, while practicing the flexibility of mouth, lips, teeth, tongue and throat.

(1) lip sound practice: (first slow down, enlarge and read it again, and gradually speed up reading tongue twisters)

Eight, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one.

② Dental pronunciation exercise (method as above)

Four-it's four, ten-it's ten, fourteen is fourteen, forty-it's forty, don't say fourteen-forty, don't say forty-four,

③ Tongue pronunciation practice (the method is the same as above)

Sixty-six-year-old Liu Laoliu is pushing sixty-six big oil baskets, sixty-six weeping willows and tied with sixty-six big horse monkeys.

④ Laryngolaryngeal exercises (method as above)

There are tigers in front of the mountain and monkeys at the bottom. Tigers drive away monkeys, and monkeys beat tigers. Tigers can't drive out monkeys, and monkeys can't fight tigers.

⑤ Practice of tongue pronunciation and tooth pronunciation (the method is the same as above).

There came a lame man in the south of the street, with a plate in his right hand and an eggplant in his left. Someone pouted in the street. The nail tripped the lame man, and his right hand dropped the plate and his left hand threw the eggplant.

⑥ Thirteen-channel pronunciation practice

Wind (Middle East) urges (ash heap) summer (Zhou Su) to go (17), a lotus (Sobo), a flower (in full bloom), and a thank you (embarrassed).

Autumn (from seeking), cool (Jiangyang), clouds (people), heights (far away), geese (as mentioned earlier), self (thinking) and coming (Huailai).

Joe (Yaotiao), Yi Jia (Fahua), (Ren Chen), (Yuqiao), Yi Chu (Gusu), (Jiangyang) and Yi Lai (Huailai).

East (Middle East), West (No.17), South (Preface), North (Ashes) and Sitting (Sobo)

The third stage: poetry singing practice.

The purpose of putting poetry singing in the fourth stage is to practice and tap the sound quality of "generous bass, mellow midrange and tough treble", instead of blindly raising and climbing, consolidating the midrange and bass, making their timbre gorgeous and pure, maintaining a pleasant and easy-to-use voice, and exercising the toughness and elasticity of the treble. At this time, chanting and singing are unaccompanied, and singing is more difficult and demanding. In the third stage, you have the spirit, sound and words at the bottom, and you climb up step by step. Your voice is not tired, and your practice is effective and you have a great grasp.

(1) Poetry is usually composed of fixed field poems from all walks of life. Because the role has just come to power, it is necessary to make a first impression on the audience, so that they will not talk and be quiet. Therefore, it is necessary to be high-pitched and calm, and it is a self-analysis of the role's own interests and ambitions. It has a strong sense of rhythm and must be practiced well, suitable for shouting, practicing and practicing. For example, in Mi Fei's poem "Drumming Cao", "The mouth is like a river and the flow is like a stream. All rely on the tip of the tongue to suppress the princes. How can a man be a giant? He should look for a seal with a smile "; Another example is Yue Fei's pastoral poem, "Bright Ming Jia shoots the bullfighting palace, ethereal banners cover the sun, the tiger is towering in the same column as the generals of the Ming government, and the male corrects his horse like a dragon." In the morning when everything wakes up and everything is renewed, you can practice your voice to the fullest.

(2) Singing method: it has the characteristics of white singing, half singing and half singing coordinating with each other. It is more difficult than reciting poems, its emotions are more suitable for expression, its melody is more suitable for stretching, and it is only used for shouting and vocalization. Half-singing is like an introduction. For example, in the first half of "Cosmic Front", Zhao sang "The cuckoo cries branches, and blood and tears are dark and sad." Another example is Yang's "Cao Cao (semi-chanting)", "Alone (chanting) alone in the sky, Miao Rong was built early, (semi-chanting) helped Hanzuo exist in name only, (chanting) Wei moved the times." Sing directly, such as "Qin Qiong sells horses", "The hero of the Han Dynasty is trapped in heaven, I don't know when he will return to his hometown", or "Old, old and childless" in "Qingfengge", "Listening to his mother's whining, he must have lost his love for Joule".

③ Reciting poems in Beijing and Bai (Putonghua): practice reciting words for modern drama performances, such as using the melody of the poem "Poems of Chairman Mao", "You are not a hero if you don't reach the Great Wall". For example, reading some classic quotations of modern drama, such as "Rice seedlings meet the rain after a long drought, never forget" and "Chiba is bitter", are all good materials for shouting and practicing. Traditional large-scale chanting and some penetrating exercises can also exercise breath and sound at this stage.

The fourth stage: arc aviation acoustics practice.

This is a very unique vocal technique in Beijing opera. It's like jumping in dance, jumping up, squatting down and bouncing up, and also like shot put in sports, turning it up, taking it back and throwing it out. Breath and sound are pushed out to form a parabola, pulled back and thrown out.

Ru Wusheng: Ah/Cough/Lao Sheng: Ma/Lai/Hua Lian: Wine/Oh/Lai/Ugly: Ah/Ha/Tsing Yi: Bitter/Wow/Glory/Treasure/

If the double-arc tone is not practiced well, it is very easy to produce "bifurcation", "turn" or "flower". The general points are: good luck-supporting words (decomposing pronunciation like "Chinese Pinyin")-throwing it out-putting it away-throwing it out again, controlling the breath and volume, and choosing the best timbre to complement each other. In particular, the "capacity-nature" chanted by Cheng School seems to be broken and delicate, and it stays at home. Yin Gui Guiyun needs hard practice and mastery.

The fifth stage: climbing scales and practicing difficult notes.

Ga tune, Van Gogh and Gao Qiang are indispensable in singing, which we call difficult tune. Practice this sound in the practice of shouting. Be careful not to practice more. The key is to find a way to find a position. If you shout hard, all the previous exercises will be useless and your voice will be hurt. When practicing this sound, it is forbidden to squeeze, jam, pinch, press, force or hit hard. The old gentleman said, "If you want to sing a high word, you don't have to shout it back (which makes it difficult for me to shout), but if you make the word narrow, sharp and deep, your voice will be high ... When you meet a high word, you will breathe out ... then the listener will be clear and bright, and the singer will not have any troubles." There are tips and methods here, which should be explored and explored according to your actual situation.

We opera fans are practicing their voices, also called hanging their voices; When practicing your voice, you should sing while walking, just like walking in the park, and keep a relaxed posture. Don't rush to climb the scale and shout high notes, but practice from the combination of qi, sound and words. Relax, don't relax, loosen the outside and tighten the inside, keep the accurate position of the voice and keep the luck of the cavity stable for a long time. You don't just use your strength on your throat, but your whole body is moving. After two or three hours, I won't feel tired after hanging the sound, and my voice is still very bright. When lifting the throat, the upper jaw of the mouth is slightly sucked up, the jaw is relaxed, the mouth is not big, the shoulders are not drooping, the tension on the ribs is like a spring, and the organs of the vocal cavity can cooperate organically to form a strong head, nose and chest sound, which is the key to moistening the cavity. When reading words and lines, the upper jaw is like a ball blue, and each word and cavity is like a basketball. Throw it to the ball blue accurately. In this way, qi is sound, sound is cavity, cavity is word, word is word, and word is emotion. From this order, we can see that the position of the word is in the center, the sound and cavity are in front, and the word and emotion are in the back. If it crashes, the whole game will be lost. The authenticity of pronunciation determines the roundness and singing ability of the voice, which makes him keep his breath stable, his voice smooth and perfect no matter what style of songs he sings, no matter how complicated he sings.

Poetry and singing are important factors and timbre for practicing and improving the sound of "generous bass, mellow midrange and tough treble". The rhythm of the voice will improve its own quality, instead of just climbing up and down, the alto and bass will be consolidated, making its timbre gorgeous and pure, maintaining a good voice and exercising the toughness and elasticity of the treble. At this time, chanting and singing are unaccompanied, and singing is more difficult and demanding. In the third stage of practice, we have spirit, sound and words at the bottom, and we will climb up step by step without getting tired of our voice. We opera fans will feel very effective when practicing, and we will have greater control, greater self-confidence and faster progress.

When singing, opera fans should pay attention to the high, low, fast, slow, light, heavy, sudden and frustrated in the line cavity, use it moderately, increase the volume, then weaken it, inhale low air in front of the performance line cavity, and skillfully use small pauses, add function words, spit lightly in the low cavity, and play first. The intonation is smooth, ups and downs, showing hesitation in contradictory thinking.

May you show your charm in Kyushu Theater.

Protect the secret of sound

I have compiled some ways to protect my voice, I hope fans like it! ! !

1. How to protect your voice

The throat is not only the only way for normal breathing, but also an important sound generator. So everyone should pay attention to protecting their voices, especially teachers, actors and announcers.

First of all, we should pay attention to outdoor activities, enhance the body's defense against diseases, and avoid pharyngitis and laryngitis.

The second is to develop the habit of throat hygiene. Rinse your mouth with clear water before and after meals, drink more tea at ordinary times and keep your throat clean. Smoking and drinking should be moderate, otherwise it will stimulate the throat and produce chronic inflammation.

If the throat is uncomfortable, itchy, dry or burning, hot fumigation can be used. The way is to breathe into a hot cup or teapot with your mouth, which will soon make the discomfort disappear. You can also pour about 30 ml of compound benzoin tincture into a vat filled with about 500 ml of boiling water and breathe in the hot air. You can use chrysanthemum, honeysuckle or boat-fruited Sterculia as tea.

4. How to protect your voice

Hoarse is a common problem for people who need to talk for a long time or use their voice incorrectly. If the hoarseness persists for more than two weeks, it is best to find an otolaryngologist for examination and treatment. Generally speaking, silence is the best treatment for hoarseness. As for the long cocoon of vocal cords, there is no need for surgery. You can do speech therapy first. When the nodule is too large or the speech therapy is ineffective, laryngeal endoscopic microsurgery must be performed. Here are some tips to protect your voice in your daily life: 1) Limit your speaking time outside of work and reduce unnecessary long chats or phone calls. 2) Speak at an appropriate volume, and make good use of the microphone to cope with the lack of volume. 3) Speak slowly, pause and inhale frequently between speeches, and don't lengthen a word. 4) The tone of speech should not be too low or too high, and the stress of each sentence should not be prefixed. 5) Whispering is an incorrect way of speaking. 6) When talking for a long time, drink plenty of warm water to keep your throat moist. 7) Try to speak easily with your abdomen (that is, Dantian), and don't talk with your chest or tense your neck muscles. 8) Don't smoke or drink, and don't eat spicy and fried foods, such as strong tea, coffee, peppers, chocolate and cold drinks. 9) Avoid forcibly clearing throat and coughing. Get enough sleep and don't eat too much before going to bed. Exercise properly and keep a happy and relaxed mood at all times. 12) When you have a cold, talk as little as possible. At this time, you should drink more warm water and maintain your vocal cords. 13) throat lozenges, Siraitia grosvenorii, loquat cream or Peng Hai, etc. , can only slightly relieve symptoms, should not be over-dependent.

In winter, when the climate is cold and the air is dry, people often feel uncomfortable with their own voices. In fact, due to the weather change, the resistance of respiratory tract to germs decreases, and the incidence of pharyngitis will increase in winter. Therefore, it is particularly important to protect your voice in winter. The reporter interviewed Li Zhikui, an associate professor of respiratory medicine at Xijing Hospital. Professor Li believes that under the premise of enhancing the awareness of protection and understanding the causes of pharyngitis, it is very necessary to prevent and treat pharyngitis by keeping warm, avoiding spicy smoking and abstaining from alcohol.

Enhance the awareness of protecting the throat

Professor Li emphasized that in winter, about 65,438+05% people still cough for several months after being cured, and their voices are even hoarse. In fact, they are not suffering from repeated colds, but from pharyngitis. Pharyngolaryngitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the throat, which occurs in winter and spring. Both children and adults can get sick, and it can be divided into acute and chronic. Acute pharyngitis generally begins with rhinovirus, coronavirus and influenza virus invading the nasal cavity, and then throat tissue infection; Chronic pharyngitis is mostly the result of upper respiratory tract infection, which is caused by throat infection.

According to reports, there are many causes of pharyngitis: excessive smoking, frequent drinking, less sleep, poor air quality, improper use of sound, improper diet, etc. may all produce pharyngeal inflammation. Professor Li, for example, usually shouts loudly, causing congestion in the vocal cords and pharynx. In addition, when the outdoor respiratory tract is invaded by germs, you will feel sore throat and hoarse voice. Others often eat mutton, dog meat and other foods in order to sweat and drive away the cold in winter. These foods are all "hair", which makes people "get angry" and suffer from pharyngitis.

Protecting your voice starts with keeping warm.

Some respiratory diseases, such as colds, asthma, pharyngolaryngitis and even pneumonia in winter, are all related to poor living environment. The onset of pharyngolaryngitis is especially related to the carelessness of the nose and mouth and the body to keep warm. To this end, experts suggest that the indoor temperature should not be too cold when sleeping; Get up in the morning and get dressed in time; Dry your body and hair in time after bathing or shampooing; Wear a mask when you go out or ride a bike in the cold morning, so that your mouth and nose will not be stimulated by dry cold air.

In addition, attention should be paid to indoor air quality. In winter, indoor air circulation should be maintained when the stove is heated, so that the flue gas can spread to the outside; When heating with heating, pay attention to not being too dry indoors, use a humidifier, and sprinkle some water on the ground at night to keep the air moist.

Farewell to Chili alcohol and tobacco

If you want to effectively prevent pharyngitis, you should also pay attention to taboos in your life. First of all, we must give up smoking and drinking, because alcohol and tobacco not only irritate the throat but also damage the body function, so we must resolutely quit. Secondly, avoid spicy food. The climate in the north is dry. You should eat more vegetables and fruits and drink more water. In addition, exercise, strengthen defense ability, don't be overtired or stay up late, and try to ensure adequate sleep. Avoid cold food, eat more fresh food or food with protein content, such as fish, milk, soybeans, etc. These are all good ways to protect your voice.