Where is the capital city of Jilin Province?

Changchun, the capital of Jilin Province, is located in the hinterland of Songliao Plain in the northeast of China, with a total area of 20,604 square kilometers. It governs 7 districts, 2 cities 1 county with a total population of 7.67 million.

Changchun was the political center of the puppet Manchukuo period in history, so many historical buildings of the puppet Manchukuo period were preserved. At the same time, Changchun is also the birthplace of automobile industry, optoelectronic technology, biotechnology, applied chemistry and film industry in New China. And has won the honorary titles of national civilized city and national health city.

Changchun is located at 43 05' ~ 4515' north latitude; East longitude12418' ~12705' is located in the north temperate zone in the middle latitude of the northern hemisphere, and the main city is located in the Yitong River platform in the hinterland of Songliao Plain. It is adjacent to Songyuan City in the northwest, Siping City in the southwest, Jilin City in the southeast and Heilongjiang Province in the northeast. The perimeter of the city boundary is about 3298.97 kilometers.

Changchun is located in Songliao Plain, the hinterland of China Northeast Plain on the east coast of Eurasia. It is the physical geographical center of northeast China, the geometric center of northeast Asia and the core of the trans-economic corridor of northeast Asia. The total area is 20604 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 4926 square kilometers. 20 1 1 year, the built-up area is 445 square kilometers.

Changchun City is located in the hinterland of China Northeast Plain, with an altitude of 250-350 meters and a flat and open terrain. It belongs to the continental monsoon climate zone in the north temperate zone, and is in the transition zone from humid area to sub-arid area in the national dry and wet climate division. The temperature rises from east to west, and the precipitation decreases from east to west. Spring is dry and windy, summer is wet and rainy, autumn is crisp, winter is cold and long, four seasons are distinct, rain and heat are the same season, and humidity is moderate.

The annual average temperature in Changchun is 4.8℃, the highest temperature is 39.5℃, the lowest temperature is -39.8℃, and the sunshine time is 2688 hours. Southeast winds prevail in summer, and there is moisture supplemented by Bohai Sea. The annual average precipitation is 522 ~ 6 15mm, and the summer precipitation accounts for more than 60% of the annual precipitation. The average temperature in the hottest month (July) is 23℃. Autumn can form sunny and warm weather for several days, with large temperature difference and lower wind speed than spring.

Changchun is rich in water resources, and the amount of water resources allowed by the state for transit passengers is 65.438+0.737 billion cubic meters, equivalent to 6.5 times of domestic water resources.

The total surface water resources in Changchun City is 65.438+0.29 billion cubic meters, accounting for 47.9% of the total water resources in China. Among them, Yinma River is 492 million cubic meters, accounting for 38.1%of the total water resources in China; The second main stream of Songhua River in China is 287 million cubic meters, accounting for 22.2%. Lalin River is 3150,000 cubic meters, accounting for 24.5%; Yitong River1960,000 cubic meters, accounting for 15.2%.

The groundwater reserve in Changchun City is 654.38+46.7 million cubic meters, accounting for 52. 1% of the total water resources in China. The exploitable amount is 902 million cubic meters, accounting for 64.5% of the total water resources reserves in China. Among them, the exploitable groundwater in Nong 'an County is 267 million cubic meters, accounting for 29.6% of the exploitable groundwater in Changchun City. Yushu city10.93 billion cubic meters, accounting for 210.4%; Dehui county 65438+88 million cubic meters, accounting for 20.8%; Jiutai City1440,000 cubic meters, accounting for16%; 84 million cubic meters in the suburbs of Changchun, accounting for 9.4%; 0.1.60 billion cubic meters in Shuangyang County, accounting for1.7%; Changchun urban area is 0. 1 100 million cubic meters, accounting for 1. 1%.

Changchun is not rich in hydraulic resources. Of the 222 rivers in Changchun, only 10 can generate electricity, with theoretical reserves of130,700 kilowatts.

There are 12 soil types, 38 subtypes, 64 soil genera and 190 soil types in Changchun, and their formation and distribution are obviously transitional. Changchun is a black brown soil belt in the east, a black soil belt in the middle and a chernozem belt in the west, alternating east and west. Affected by topographic differentiation, the soil series in this area are different. In the dark brown soil zone, there are dark brown soil in low hills, white slurry water in the platform, meadow soil in the valley and swamp soil in the depression. In the black soil area, the soil series of platform black soil, river terrace meadow soil and lowland swamp soil are formed; In the chernozem belt, a series of terraced plain chernozem, valley terraced meadow soil and saline-alkali soil were formed. Many soil types have been formed, mainly black soil, meadow soil, chernozem and dark brown soil.

There are 39 kinds and 258 kinds of mineral resources in Changchun, mainly energy minerals, nonmetal minerals and metal minerals, which are mainly distributed in Jiutai City and Shuangyang County.

Changchun energy mines mainly include coal, oil and oil shale. The proven raw coal reserves are 5.32 billion tons and the retained reserves are 230 million tons. There are five coal-producing areas, namely Yingchengzi Coalfield, Yangcaogou Coalfield, Sunjiagou Coalfield, Changchun Coalfield and Shuangyang Coalfield. Oil is a newly discovered dominant mineral in Changchun. It is located in Shuangyang County. The oilfield is 300km long and 20km wide14km. The buried depth of oil and gas reservoir is about 2000 meters. The estimated reserves are 400-800 million tons, with an annual output of 3.5 million tons of oil and 500 million cubic meters of natural gas. It has been mined and named "Changchun Oilfield". Changchun oil shale is distributed in Nong 'an County, with proven reserves of1689 million tons, accounting for 97% of the proven reserves in Jilin Province and 50% of the whole country, and has not yet been exploited.

Non-metallic minerals in Changchun mainly include limestone, bentonite, perlite, zeolite and building stone, which are mostly located in Jiutai City and Shuangyang County. The proven reserves of limestone in Changchun are 270 million tons, accounting for 50% of the proven reserves in Jilin Province. The Yangjuandingzi limestone mine in Shuangyang County is the largest limestone mine in Jilin Province, with proven reserves of 265.438 billion tons and an annual output of 600,000 tons of cement. The proven reserves of zeolite in Jilin Province are 73110.2 million tons, and the proven reserves of perlite are 43.603 million tons, all distributed in Changchun area. The proven reserves of bentonite in Changchun are 20.842 million tons, accounting for more than 50% of the proven reserves in Jilin Province. Among the nonmetallic minerals in Changchun, except limestone, which has been mined on a large scale, others are mined on a small scale and have not been fully utilized.

There are about 800 kinds of plant resources in Changchun, but the forest resources are not rich. The forested area in Changchun is lower than the provincial and national average. In the forest land area of Changchun City, shelter forest accounts for 48.6%, timber forest accounts for 46.8%, economic forest accounts for 3. 1%, and special forest accounts for 1.5%. From the perspective of forest growth, young forest accounts for 73.6%, middle-aged forest accounts for 20.7%, near-mature forest accounts for 3.9%, and over-mature forest accounts for 1.8%. The characteristics of forest resources in Changchun city are large shelterbelt area and small economic forest area; Young forest area is large, mature forest area is small; The forest resources in the eastern mountainous and hilly areas are relatively rich, while the forest resources in the western platform plain areas are relatively poor. There are 86,000 hectares of grassland resources in Changchun, which are mainly distributed in the northwest of Changchun, followed by the floodplain of Songhua River and its tributaries, and the lowlands of Catha River and Lalin River Valley. In addition, barren hills and hills are also scattered. Among them, Nong 'an county accounts for 4 1. 1%, yushu city city accounts for 25.3%, Shuangyang county accounts for 14.5%, Jiutai city accounts for 10.3%, Dehui county accounts for 5.2% and Changchun suburb accounts for 3.6%. There are 97 families and 237 species of wild plant resources in Changchun. Among them, wild medicinal plants 163 species. There are about 20 species of wild edible plants; There are about 25 species of wild forage plants; There are about 10 wild nectar plants and about 15 wild ornamental plants.

There are 264 species of animal resources in Changchun, of which 14 species are dominant, accounting for 5.3% of the animal resources. 58 species of common animals, accounting for 22%; Rare animals 136 species, accounting for 51.5%; Occasionally, there are 56 species of animals, accounting for 265438 0.2%. The animal resources in Changchun are mostly distributed in the central and western regions, while fur animals and insect-eating birds are mostly distributed in the eastern mountainous areas. Since the reform and opening up, the breeding animals in Changchun have developed rapidly and the output has doubled. The main problem is that the species of forest animals and aquatic animals are decreasing. The number of 16 1 species tends to decrease, accounting for 7 1% of the animal resources, of which nearly 50 species are endangered, accounting for 2 1.4%. How to rationally develop and utilize China's wild animals such as forest frog, ring-necked pheasant, otter and silver rat?

195 1 year, the discovery of human bone fossils in yushu city, Changchun, proved that as early as ancient times, humans in this land had entered the stage of Homo sapiens, belonging to the early matriarchal clan society. 1984, a Neolithic human settlement site was discovered in Nong 'an County, indicating that as early as the Neolithic Age, people here had mastered primitive textile technology and entered the clothing age, and primitive agriculture was also very developed.

Changchun city is located in the northeast border. More than two thousand years ago, this was the place where the northern Sioux gods lived. From the Han Dynasty to the Western Jin Dynasty, it was the territory of Fuyu country. afterwards

, under the jurisdiction of Koguryo. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Fuyu House in Bohai Sea. Liao belongs to Huanglong House on Tokyo Road. Jin returned to the Longan Building on Shangjing Road. Yuan belongs to Kaiyuan Road in Liaoyang Province. In the Ming Dynasty, Tamuwei, Yidong and Gumu were established in Changchun. Before the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to the fief of Zasakufu in Mongolian Guoluo Qianqi.

At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the imperial court kept the policy of forbidding Northeast China. After the Qianlong dynasty, a large area of land was developed and the population increased dramatically. In the fifth year of Jiaqing (1800), Changchun Hall was established in the Qing Dynasty, and its directors passed the judgment and belonged to Jilin General, which was the beginning of the formal establishment of Changchun. 1865 Dig trenches, build wooden walls and build Changchun.

In the seventh year of Guangxu (188 1), the director of Changchun Hall passed Changchun Hall's judgment of enriching the people, which increased the experience of agricultural insurance. In the 15th year of Guangxu (1889), Fumin was promoted to magistrate, and Changchun Hall was promoted to Changchun House, which belonged to Jilin General.

1896, Russia invaded the northeast, seized the right to build the Middle East railway, and built a Russian residential area (Tiebei Erdaogou) in Changchun. 1906 After the Russo-Japanese War, Russia's rights and interests in Changchun were replaced by the Japanese Emperor. In the thirty-third year of Guangxu (1907), the northeastern region was changed from a military government to a provincial system, and the Changchun government was subordinate to Jilin Province.

References:

Changchun (Baidu Encyclopedia) /view/2 172.htm