About Shenzhou VII, please introduce me …

Huang Chunping, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), head of the advisory group of manned space rocket system and commander-in-chief of Shenzhou V rocket, said after Shenzhou VI landed that the launch time of Shenzhou VII would be delayed by about half a year, and the original launch plan for 2007 would be postponed to 2008. Different from "Shenzhou V" and "Shenzhou VI", the development of "Shenzhou VII" rocket focuses on spacesuit and airlock. Because "Shenzhou VII" will realize the spacewalk, whether the astronauts can suddenly adapt to the vacuum environment from the cabin pressure, the airlock cabin and the space suit play an important role.

Shenzhou VII was launched on September 25th, 2008 at 2 1: 10: 04.988 milliseconds. The spacecraft landed successfully at the main landing site of Siziwangqi, Inner Mongolia, China on September 28th, 2008 17: 37. Shenzhou VII spacecraft flew for 2 days, 20 hours and 28 minutes.

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Astronauts fly Shenzhou VII like airplanes.

Zhang Bainan, chief designer of China manned spacecraft system, said that on June 38+03, two astronauts of Shenzhou VI conducted four "on-orbit interference force" experiments, including opening and closing doors, putting on pressure suits, passing through the cabin and extracting condensed water. The results show that the astronauts' large-scale actions have little effect on the spacecraft attitude, and the spacecraft attitude remains good. Astronaut Fei Longjun, who was flying in space, learned the result and made four consecutive forward rolls on the spaceship the next day. Zhang Bainan said that this is the astronaut's own game, not arranged in advance. The results of this space flight show that Fei Longjun and Nie Haisheng can give orders correctly at any time from the moment they just took off to the moment they are ready to return, and they can control all kinds of equipment accurately, and the operations of opening and closing doors can also be successful at one time. Zhang Bainan said that with the foundation of this experiment, "Shenzhou VII" will arrange for astronauts to "fly a spaceship like an airplane"!

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The cost of "Shenzhou VII" is lower than that of "Shenzhou VI"

Many people are concerned about the success of Shenzhou VI. How much did it cost? In this regard, Wang Qingren revealed that "the total cost of Shenzhou VI is 900 million yuan, of which the cost of Shenzhou VI spacesuit is 30 million yuan." Wang Qingren said that China must be using limited investment to achieve better results. "Therefore, a more important task for China astronauts is to achieve more world-recognized achievements with limited funds."

Regarding the cost of Shenzhou VII, Wang Qingren told reporters that the cost of Shenzhou VII should be less than that of Shenzhou VI. Because the main research work of our "Shenzhou" series of space technology has been completed, "Shenzhou VII" is developed on the existing basis, and the cost will be much less accordingly. "

Just a month ago, the first TV series "Shenzhou" reflecting the manned spaceflight project was broadcast nationwide, but the experts who watched this TV series were a little helpless. Wang Qingren said, "Several of our colleagues watched it together, and we all laughed after reading it, because the mistakes inside really made us helpless, and we only had a wry smile. Let's take the simplest mistake. Just like a heroine in it, she has always mixed the concepts of "aviation" and "aerospace". The former refers to the plane, and the latter should be what we call a "spaceship", which is what the public now calls "Shenzhou VI". It can be seen from here that they don't really understand the aviation industry, and I often feel that China people are always in a hurry. Many people like to idolize watching Shenzhou TV series, but it will soon cool down. This is also a question of public opinion orientation. I still hope that everyone can look at our aerospace industry calmly. "

Edit the startup conditions of this paragraph.

No precipitation, the ground wind speed is less than 8 meters per second, and the horizontal visibility is more than 20 kilometers;

From 8 hours before launch to 1 hour after launch, there is no lightning activity within 30 km to 40 km of the site;

The maximum wind speed in the airspace 3 km to 18 km from the launch site of the ship and arrow is less than 70 meters per second, and there should be no lightning for 9 hours before and after launch.

The preferred launch time of Shenzhou VII is September 25th, 2008. On June 5438+0 1, Huang Chunping, head of the China manned space rocket system advisory group, told the relevant media that the preferred launch time of the "Shenzhou VII" manned spacecraft was around 9 pm on September 25th, 2008.

The launch times of Shenzhou V, Shenzhou VI and Chang 'e I are all in the middle and late period of 10, and the launch of Shenzhou VII will be advanced to the end of this month. According to experts, there are many suitable launch windows in September and 10. However, since Shenzhou VII will carry out the spacewalk mission, the angle of the sun when taking off at the end of September is more suitable for astronauts' extravehicular activities, which can make the spacecraft see the sun in the shortest time and ensure that the astronauts have sunshine when they leave the cabin.

The best meteorological conditions for launching manned space flight mainly include: no precipitation, ground wind speed less than 8 meters per second and horizontal visibility more than 20 kilometers; From 8 hours before launch to 1 hour after launch, there is no lightning activity within 30 km to 40 km of the site; The maximum wind speed in the airspace 3 km to 18 km from the launch site of the ship and arrow is less than 70 meters per second, and there should be no lightning for 9 hours before and after launch.

Huang Chunping said that whether it can be launched as scheduled depends mainly on the weather at the launch site at that time. Light rain and temperature generally do not affect the normal launch of the spacecraft, but strong wind may cause the spacecraft to delay the launch, because the wind speed exceeds the bearing capacity of the rocket and may change its flight direction.

Huang Chunping revealed that the astronauts' spacewalk will be carried out after the spacecraft enters orbit and flies around the earth for more than five times.

After "Shenzhou V" and "Shenzhou VI" were launched into orbit, it was impossible to take photos of the outside of the spacecraft in space, and the live TV broadcast at that time was limited to the cabin. And "Shenzhou VII" will be able to make up for this shortcoming after releasing the accompanying small satellite. According to experts, the small satellite can fly around at close range because it is equipped with a CCD stereo camera, which can provide the first three-dimensional exterior photo of the spacecraft in orbit and the real-time picture of the astronauts' extravehicular activities.

Pang Zhihao, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology, said that internationally, both situations exist, whether it is a day launch or a night launch.

"Shenzhou VII" astronaut

The Shenzhou VII spacecraft was launched on September 25th, and China's first spacewalk was carried out by two-time astronaut Zhai Zhigang.

The three astronauts selected for Shenzhou VII spacecraft include Zhai Zhigang who was selected for Shenzhou V and Shenzhou VI, and two teammates Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng who were also selected for Shenzhou VI.

Zhai Zhigang performed the extravehicular task, and Liu Boming was the first choice. Zhai Zhigang, 42, is from Longxiang County, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province. 1985 joined the air force, and the safety flight record exceeded 1000 hours.

Shenzhou VII was launched from 9: 00 pm to 10 on September 25th. The afternoon of 26th and 27th is the most suitable time to leave the cabin, when two astronauts will enter the orbital module. Because the spacesuit is very heavy, the cost exceeds 1 100 million yuan, and it can only be put on with the help of another person. This spacewalk will take about 20 minutes. The astronauts will be connected to two lifeline. The spacesuit is developed on the basis of Russian spacesuit, which provides oxygen, pressure, power supply and communication equipment. After the astronauts leave the cabin, there will be a small satellite with a camera lens on it, which will broadcast the spacewalk live. If this technology is successful, it will be a breakthrough in China's space science and technology. About 68 hours after launch, all the experiments will be completed. On the afternoon of 28th, the spacecraft will return to Earth.

The full text is summarized as follows:

With the arrival of this exciting moment, we are full of pride and joy, and 654.38+0.3 billion people in China have witnessed this historic moment. The first step of Chinese astronauts out of the spaceship into space marks another brand-new beginning of China's space industry.

It marks a brand-new beginning.

From 1999, when the Shenzhou-1 unmanned spacecraft visited space for the first time, to 2005, Nie Haisheng and I joined hands to ride Shenzhou VI to ask for the sky. The six-year course has engraved six perfect steps of China people and six new breakthroughs in China's space industry. The key technical difficulties come from launch, return, measurement and control, environmental control ... all of which have been overcome one by one, witnessing the unremitting pursuit of China astronauts in development and exploration.

We have finally reached a historic moment, which will be remembered by history.

This "first step" into space will make China people extremely proud. Once upon a time, New China was as poor as ever, and its technology was far behind that of western countries, even matches and kerosene had to be imported. Who would have thought that earth-shaking changes have taken place in China in just a few decades? History will record the development of China's space industry, and it will never be forgotten. On April 24th, 38 years ago, a melodious piece of music "Dongfanghong" came from the deep and mysterious space, piercing the night sky and echoing the earth. I will never forget that China became the third member of the international "Space Club" when Yang Liwei walked out of the Shenzhou 5 manned spacecraft return module. This is enough to make China people proud, and it is also the most solid step for the sustained and rapid development of China's space industry.

It foretells the future of the country.

The development of space industry, taking into account a country's comprehensive national strength, is also the key to whether a country can always maintain a leading position in the high-tech field. It fully shows that the national scientific and technological strength plays a vital role in the development and promotion of space technology, represents a country's economic and social foundation, and also indicates the development and future of the country and the nation.

Now, it coincides with the 30th anniversary of reform and opening up in China. The achievements of reform and development in the past 30 years are obvious to all: the economy is changing with each passing day, people live and work in peace and contentment, society is stable, the country is rich, and people generally enjoy the fruits of reform and development. The launch of Shenzhou VII will be another vivid testimony of the achievements of reform and opening up, another great achievement of China's reform and opening up and socialist modernization, and another important milestone of China's high-tech development. At this glorious moment, hundreds of millions of people in China should be proud of their great motherland.

The "first step" left by China astronauts in space is a big step in China's space history, and it is the inevitable result of practicing and implementing Scientific Outlook on Development and vigorously carrying forward the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite" and manned space flight. We have every reason to believe that the "first step" of China astronauts into space will lead an era and open a new century. (Source: People's Daily Online-Hong Kong and Macao Channel)

The spacecraft changed its orbit this morning, and the "first step in space" of Chinese astronauts is expected to take place on the afternoon of the 27th.

Caijing.com feature/reporter Yu Dawei On September 25th, 2008, 2 1: 10: 04, Shenzhou VII was successfully launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.

After 200 seconds, the spacecraft fairing is separated; After 583 seconds, the ship and arrow separated at an altitude of 200 kilometers. Twenty minutes later, Chang Wanquan, chief commander of China's manned spaceflight project and head of the General Armament Department, announced that the Shenzhou VII spacecraft had entered the scheduled orbit and the launch was a complete success. This is the 67th consecutive successful launch of the Long March rocket.

After the Shenzhou VII spacecraft entered the elliptical orbit with an apogee of 347 kilometers and a perigee of 200 kilometers, it flew along this orbit five times (about 90 minutes each time). At 4 o'clock this morning, the spacecraft successfully changed its orbit and entered a 343-kilometer near-circular orbit.

According to the plan, when the spacecraft completes the 27th lap, two astronauts will enter the orbital module and close the door of the return module.

According to the calculation of about 90 minutes per lap, the two astronauts will enter the orbital module about 40.5 hours after entering the orbit, that is, at about 2 pm on the 27th, and close the door of the return module. Then it takes about three hours to get ready to leave the cabin, during which the spacecraft will fly twice.

At about 5 pm on the 27th, the astronauts began to walk out of the cabin, and the whole spacewalk is expected to take about 30 minutes.

Yuan Jiajun, commander-in-chief of shenzhou spaceship, also revealed in an interview after the successful launch that the extravehicular activity will be held on the afternoon of 27th.

According to the current general estimation, Zhai Zhigang and Liu Boming will enter the orbital module together, while Jing Haipeng will stay in the return module.

Among them, Zhai Zhigang will wear the domestic "Tian Fei" extravehicular spacesuit, and Liu Boming will wear the Russian-made "Meet the Sea" spacesuit. For the consideration of experts from China, as the most important part of this mission is to break through the extravehicular technology, Zhai Zhigang, wearing a domestic spacesuit, will be sent to complete the extravehicular task.

Outside the cabin, the astronauts will move along the outer wall of the orbital module with the help of the movable handrails and fastening devices outside the cabin, and retrieve the test samples of solid lubricating materials outside the cabin. Then, the "Shenzhou VII" was photographed at close range with a CCD stereo camera. In addition, the astronauts also carried out simulation operations such as screwing screws and installing equipment.

Zhou Jianping, chief designer of manned spaceflight project, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on the 25th that apart from the extravehicular activities, Shenzhou VII also undertook three tasks, namely, the extravehicular exposure test of solid lubricating materials and solar cell plates, the release of small satellites around the orbital module and the test of Tianlian-1 space relay station.

"Tianlian No.1" will increase the sky coverage by 50% for TT&C personnel on the ground in China, establish a TT&C network integrating land, sea and air, and further lay a better foundation for future manned spaceflight to engage in rendezvous and docking and other activities that require higher TT&C coverage.

Compared with Shenzhou VI's flight, Shenzhou VII's flight manual has increased from three to seven, and the number of operating units to be carried out by astronauts has increased from several hundred to more than one thousand. Each operating unit also contains dozens of steps and hundreds of actions.

Before the take-off of Shenzhou VII, Zhang Jianqi, deputy commander-in-chief of manned spaceflight project, said in an interview with CCTV that foreign astronauts usually leave the cabin after 72 hours, so that astronauts can adapt to the weightlessness in space. However, the astronauts of the Shenzhou VII mission will leave the cabin the next day. Therefore, Shenzhou VII has extremely high requirements for astronauts, and the level and ability of astronauts will determine the success or failure of this extravehicular activity.

Edit this paragraph: Shenzhou 7 flies with a small satellite.

Core Tip: Gu Yidong, a researcher at the Institute of Optoelectronic Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, responded to the question "Is there any potential military intention to release the accompanying small satellite during the Shenzhou VII mission?". In the next stage, China will rendezvous and dock the spacecraft, which is also a key indication technology of "Shenzhou VII" accompanying small satellites in manned spaceflight project. This small satellite will provide some experience and lay some foundation for rendezvous and docking.

Gu Yidong, a researcher at the Institute of Optoelectronic Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, responded at the press conference to the question of whether there was a potential military intention to release the accompanying small satellite during the Shenzhou VII mission.

Gu Yidong first said that as a new technical experiment of Shenzhou VII manned space application, the experiment accompanying flight has been very successful so far. We believe that the companion satellite will be a very useful tool in the future manned spaceflight project.

Gu Yidong introduced that, on the one hand, the experiment with satellites opens up a new path for future applications. Accompanying small satellites, such as space stations or space laboratories, can expand the functions of large aircraft. In addition, the test of companion satellites can serve large aircraft, such as space laboratories and space stations, for example, observing possible damage to the appearance and inspecting it, thus serving large aircraft.

Gu Yidong also said that China will rendezvous and dock spacecraft in the next stage, which is also a key technology in manned spaceflight project. This small satellite will provide some experience and lay some foundations for rendezvous and docking, including the command, organization and orbit prediction of two aircrafts by the ground system, which is of great reference significance for rendezvous and docking.

In view of the question of whether there is a potential military intention to release the accompanying small satellite in the Shenzhou VII mission. Gu Yidong introduced that in the early 1990s, the Russian Mir space station cooperated with Germany, and also released a companion satellite to inspect and diagnose the Mir space station, and conducted a flight around experiment. American space shuttle astronauts used to release microsatellites by hand and use launch tubes to carry out scientific experiments. Last year, Japan's lunar exploration satellite released two companion stars.

Edit this diary of Shenzhou 7.

From September 25th to 28th, 2008, China successfully carried out Shenzhou VII manned space flight.

The first day, September 25th.

17: 30: astronaut's expedition ceremony. Hu Jintao came to the astronaut apartment to visit Tian Ge, and cordially visited three astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng, who were performing their tasks, and made heroic efforts for them.

At 18, three astronauts arrived at the launch site. After confirming the technical status, the astronauts successively entered the Shenzhou VII return capsule.