Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather forecast - Jinghe Station and Xi Meteorology
Jinghe Station and Xi Meteorology
However, Jinghe weather station is only used as an observation point to represent the weather situation in Xi 'an, which is usually different from the meteorological data in Xi 'an. Because more than 90% of Xi 'an area is south of Weihe River, such as Chang 'an, Hu Yi, Lantian and Zhouzhi, accounting for 70% of the whole Xi 'an area. And "57 13 1 Jinghe" can only represent the north bank of Weihe River: Gaoling, Yanliang and Lintong Weibei District. Using the northern Jinghe weather station, which only accounts for 10% of Xi' an's area, to represent the weather in An will inevitably cause public doubts: how can urban weather be truly reflected by data?
The most controversial data is rainfall. Under different statistical caliber, the annual rainfall data of Xi 'an are quite different. In recent years, Shaanxi Province, xi Water Resources Bulletin and Xi Statistical Yearbook focus on the decade data of 20 1 1-2020. Compared with the data of Jinghe station, the three are quite different and the data are contradictory. Taking 20 19 as an example, the rainfall in xi 'an of Shaanxi Water Resources Bulletin is 909.7mm, that in xi 'an Water Resources Bulletin is 705. 17mm, and that in Jinghe Station is 593.2 mm According to the data of "57 13 1 Jinghe", the rainfall in Xi 'an is average. According to the data of "57 13 1 Jinghe", in Xi 'an's statistics from the outside, the annual rainfall with little statistics will reach10-1500 million cubic meters! Why is this happening? In fact, for thousands of years, the rainfall on the north bank of Weihe River is much lower than that on the south bank of Weihe River. The precipitation in Xi 'an changes greatly, from Qinling Mountain to the foot of the mountain and then to the north. It can be reduced from 1000+ mm to more than 500 mm in twenty or thirty kilometers, and the Jinghe River is in the northernmost part of Xi 'an. Xi 'an precipitation is normal at least.
According to the introduction of Xi Municipal Water Affairs Bureau, it is normal for Xi to have an average rainfall of 700 mm for many years. The impression of Xi 'an is still a dry city in northwest China, but in fact, Xi 'an has made great strides on the road that is getting warmer and wetter. For Xi people, personal experience trumps everything. You said it had been raining in Xi 'an. Where is Gancheng? Judging from the rainfall, the arid area is less than 200mm a year, the semi-arid area is 200-400mm, the semi-humid area is 400-800mm, and the humid area is over 800mm. There is no doubt that Xi 'an is in a semi-humid area, and half a foot has entered the humid area. This is determined by the general trend of global warming and the northward movement of rain belt, and it is also related to the overall environmental changes in this area, such as the overall improvement of forest coverage rate in Shaanxi. When the overall forest coverage rate in Shaanxi Province exceeds 45%, when abundant rainfall passes through the continuous Qinling Mountains, if the rainfall in xi 'an continues to increase steadily in the future, will the error between the data of Jinghe Station and the people's somatosensory perception in Xi 'an become larger and larger? In the determination of annual precipitation, that's a variable of billions of cubic meters!
I live in such a city that the outside world thinks it is very dry, but it is actually very humid. Jinghe Station is the only representative station in Xi that provides global meteorological data for the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). In many professional climate forums, the name of Xi 'an "57 13 1 Jinghe" is "Rain Cave"-in the radar echo map, there is often a hole here, that is to say, it is not easy to rain in this area. Xi 'an, with more than 10,000 square kilometers, has the least rainfall. Will the observation point "57 13 1 Jinghe" be moved in the future? There are many such folk voices at present. However, the relocation of the national basic weather station is a time-consuming and laborious project. The relocation process of a national standard weather station should be reported step by step from the city, province to the national level, and the location should be relocated; The site selection should be based on an evaluation data, and a score of 90 or more is considered as a qualified new site. Then, the land permit can be applied and approved before construction can start. Even if this process is strongly supported by all parties, it will take 1 to 2 years. Moreover, the migration of observation stations will also have a certain impact on the continuity of meteorological observation data. If there is a data fault, it is particularly unfavorable for long-term climate prediction. Therefore, the relocation is not easy and the cost is huge. If the observation field does not move, the precipitation in Xi 'an may be corrected by the data to reduce the actual error for a long time to come.
Everything has two sides. The advantage of keeping Jinghe Station is that Jinghe has never been an unknown river! Jinghe River is the largest tributary of Weihe River, a tributary of the Yellow River. Originated at the eastern foot of Liupanshan Mountain in Ningxia, it flows eastward through Pingliang and Jingchuan in Yangjiaping, enters Changwu County of Shaanxi Province, passes through Binxian County and Jingyang County, and joins the Weihe River in Chenjiatan, Gaoling District, xi. In a section of the river after confluence, the two rivers are spliced together like two bright yellow strips, moving eastward, and the color boundary is very clear, forming a world-famous "distinct" natural landscape. China people are familiar with the idiom "distinct", and the meteorological observation points established here are very famous and highly recognizable. Moreover, if Jinghe River is the extreme value of precipitation in Xi 'an, it is also of reference value to take this value as the starting point of data correction. For me who is familiar with Journey to the West, this place is also the origin of the whole Journey to the West. Because the opening of The Journey to the West's play actually dates back to the murder of Jinghe Wang, and it was the disturbance of ghost dragons after his death that led to the death of Li Shimin, the king of Tang Dynasty. King Jinghe, as "the God of Rain Dragons who manages eight rivers", had a dispute with a fortune teller named Yuan Shoucheng in Chang 'an because he could calculate the location of Jinghe Aquarium. King Jinghe was so angry that he turned into Untitled Scholar and went to Chang 'an to find Yuan Shoucheng's trouble. He asked him to calculate the time when it would rain tomorrow, and left a message saying that if the calculation was wrong, he would be driven out of the city. As a result, heaven suddenly decreed that the number of rainfall points in King Jinghe tomorrow would be exactly the same as that calculated by Yuan Shoucheng. King Jinghe, unwilling to fail, changed the number of hours of rain without permission, which violated dogma and was beheaded by Tianguan Wei Zhi. After the death of King Jinghe, his soul has been pestering Li Shimin, and finally he took Li Shimin's soul to confront the nether world. The nether world favored Li Shimin, released him into the sun, witnessed the horrors of eighteen layers of hell, and even suffered the death of my late master Tangyuan and my late brother Yuanji. This experience made Li Shimin understand the cycle of cause and effect, strengthened his belief in Buddhism, and contributed to the vigorous westward journey later. Without the killing of King Jinghe, there would be no birth of Tang Priest, no birth of golden cicada, and no official opening of the curtain of Buddhist scriptures. It's strange to say that the place where the legendary beheaded King Jinghe is located is the place with the least rainfall in Xi 'an, but it is also an international exchange station for ground climate data in China. Here you can distinguish the difference between clouds and sky in lightning and thunder, capture wind and rain in the cold wind, capture wind and rain in the rain and snow, and all observation data participate in international exchange. If the scriptures are compared to a door, King Jinghe is the key to open this door. Why was King Jinghe chosen? Today's Jinghe Station is also the key to Xi 'an weather. Why is it the northernmost Jinghe River in Xi?
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