Which department does Heze silkworm eggs belong to?

Silkworm rearing belongs to animal husbandry and belongs to animal husbandry department.

raise silkworms

Plastic film mulching: used to raise 1 ~ 3-year-old silkworm. 1 ~ 2 years old, covered with polyethylene plastic film and folded around. Don't cover it during sleep, and continue to cover it after feeding the silkworm. 3 years old, only cover without mat. If there are fog drops on the film, wipe them before mulberry. In areas where conditions permit, silkworms of 1 ~ 3 years old should be bred in the young silkworm stage. Mulberry leaves should be collected from top to bottom according to leaf position. Mulberry leaves should be picked before 10 in the morning and after 3 pm to avoid picking in the hot sun. 1 ~ 2-year-old silkworms need to cut leaves to eat mulberry, and the standard of leaf cutting is usually twice the size of the silkworm. The amount of mulberries should be properly controlled in the short feeding period and mature period of all ages, and there should be enough food during the whole feeding period. Mulberry can be covered with plastic film four times a day. The amount of mulberry given each time is mainly controlled flexibly according to the development, appetite and residual mulberry degree of silkworm. If you have finished the mulberry you gave last time, you can increase the amount slightly next time, otherwise, the amount of mulberry you want to give will be reduced. Eating mulberry in the young silkworm stage only accounts for 5% of the whole age.

Method of feeding mulberry: Before feeding mulberry, distribute silkworm evenly. 1 maximum silkworm rearing area per box:1.07 ~1.2m2,1.6 ~ 4m2, 2 years, 4 ~10m2, 3 years. Sand removal is to remove the residual mulberry and silkworm excrement on the silkworm bed. The first sand removal before sleep is called sleep sand removal, the first sand removal after sleep is called start sand removal, and the other time sand removal is called middle sand removal. Direct treatment methods include adding sleep nets and removing sleep in time to make the environment dry. When the silkworms are not well developed, it is necessary to raise green batches, put the green-headed silkworms at a higher temperature, and often cool the mulberry to catch up with a large number. Silkworms are hatched, so we should feed them at the right time. 90% ~ 95% of silkworms have light brown heads, indicating that they should be properly fed. The leaves are ripe, tender and fresh. In the young silkworm stage, before feeding the mulberry, the quicklime powder is evenly spread on the silkworm body and the silkworm bed, and each silkworm is picked up and sleeps once.

Feed the upper cocoon

4 to many years old are called big silkworms. During sericulture, we should prevent high temperature and humidity, strengthen ventilation and eat mulberry well. Mulberry leaves should be stored in a cool, damp, clean and hygienic mulberry storage room and laid flat on the ground. It is advisable to pick mulberries in the morning and reserve the amount for one day. 4, 5 years old, eating leaves or buds, giving mulberry 4 ~ 5 times every day and night. The fourth age accounts for 10% of the total mulberry consumption, and the fifth age accounts for 85%. Especially after the third day of the fifth age, eating mulberries is very fierce, so as to achieve a good satiety of mulberries. In hot and dry weather, the water content of mulberry leaves is low. After mulberry leaves are sprayed with water to feed silkworms, the water should be clean and the yield increase effect is obvious. During the big silkworm period, it is necessary to expand capacity and divide seats in time. Sand removal is an important work of health and disease prevention in the big silkworm stage. Sand removal should be done by net, not by hand. Silkworm disease prevention 1 is sprayed 1 time from the second and third instars when ants are collected, and from the fourth and fifth instars when mature silkworms are seen. If there is silkworm disease, once a day 1 time. Usage: Before feeding the mulberry, spread the powder evenly on the silkworm body and the silkworm bed, and give it to the mulberry after 10 minutes. Lime is disinfected at 1 year. Disinfect 2 ~ 4 instar silkworms and dormant silkworms 65438 0 times respectively. Disinfect the 5th instar silkworm, middle-aged silkworm and mature silkworm respectively 1 time. Sprinkle quicklime powder evenly on the silkworm body and silkworm seat before feeding mulberry. It is required to be used at least 3 hours apart from the silkworm disease prevention 1 number. ..

silkworm cocoon

Sprinkle quicklime powder at the door of the silkworm house every day, change clothes and shoes in and out, and don't throw dead silkworms around, but put them in a lime jar for centralized incineration. Wash your hands before and after feeding silkworms to remove sand. Silkworm excrement should be fermented far away from the silkworm house and should not be directly applied to mulberry fields. Using woven cloth to raise silkworms, you can put small wooden strips on the silkworm rack and spread woven cloth on the wooden strips to raise silkworms. When raising silkworms on the silkworm platform to remove sand, the effect of removing sand with a coiled net is very good. The method is to roll the silkworm net to half of the silkworm platform, sweep away the silkworm excrement below, then let go of the roll net and remove the sand from the other half. Silkworm is to put the cut mulberry strips and leaves on the silkworm bed to feed the silkworm. It can be fed on the silkworm platform or in the form of a bed on the ground (2.5% dimethoate powder is sprinkled on the ground to prevent ants, and then a layer of lime powder is sprinkled). Silkworm rearing in plastic greenhouse can not only save silkworm houses, but also improve the utilization rate of sheds. Generally, in a 3.3 m× 10 m greenhouse, two rows of 5-storey silkworm platforms can be set up, and 2 boxes of silkworm eggs can be raised in each period. A box of silkworms can be raised in the first phase of an 8-meter ×2.5-meter greenhouse.

Serve food in time, according to the principle of cooking first. Upper layer density: 380 ~ 400 heads are folded, and the number of upper layers is calculated as 80% ~ 85% of the grid. A combination of manual picking and automatic lifting can be adopted. The temperature is kept at 22-25 DEG C.. The suitable humidity is 2.5℃, the illumination is even, the environment is quiet, and direct blowing of strong wind is avoided. Ventilation should be strengthened, and the wind speed should be kept at 0.5 ~1.0 m/s. After cocoon formation and pupation, the skin color of cocoon becomes Huang Shi, so cocoon should be picked in time. Cocoons are picked 6-7 days after reeling. When picking cocoons, first pick out the dead silkworms and rotten cocoons in the cocoons. According to the order of picking cocoons in batches, pick them first, then pick them lightly to avoid damage and bleeding of pupae. The picked cocoons should not be piled too thick, 2 ~ 3 grains thick, and kept in a cool, ventilated and dry place to avoid strong light.

Silkworms only eat in the larval stage. The mulberry consumption of 1 silkworm is about 2 1 gram of fresh mulberry leaves (5.25g of dry matter), of which 85-88% are eaten at the fifth instar, and the digestibility is about 40%. The nutritional status of larvae directly affects the growth of silkworm body and the formation of cocoon silk and silkworm eggs. The essential nutrients of silkworm are: protein, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, inorganic salts and water. Protein is not only an important component of various organs and cells of silkworm, but also a basic raw material for silk gland cells to synthesize silk substances and ovaries to produce silkworm eggs. Carbohydrate is the main energy source of life activities. Sterols in lipids are precursors of ecdysone, which cannot be synthesized in the body and must be taken from food. Vitamins are indispensable bioactive substances for regulating substance metabolism, and most of them are auxiliary groups of enzymes. Inorganic salt is one of the components of cells, which plays a role in regulating the osmotic pressure and pH value of liquid inside and outside cells. Water accounts for about 85% of silkworm body weight, and it is the main component of silkworm body, which plays an important role in dissolving and transporting substances in the body, regulating and keeping the internal environment relatively constant. When blood water content is low, osmotic pressure increases, which hinders normal metabolism; If the blood water content is too high, the osmotic pressure will decrease and the pH value will decrease, which will also lead to the physiological disorder of silkworm body. Water comes from food, so the water content of food is closely related to the water content of silkworm body.

The above nutrients are extremely rich in mulberry leaves. In addition, mulberry leaves also contain: ① food-attracting factors, such as citral, geraniol, geraniol, linalool and other volatile terpenoids; ② Bitter factors, such as β-sitosterol, isoquercitrin and morin; ③ Swallowing factors, such as cellulose, phosphate, silicate, inositol, vitamin C, etc., can stimulate the larvae to produce the requirements and actions of feeding, biting and swallowing. So mulberry leaves are the best natural feed. Artificial feed is also prepared according to the chemical composition of mulberry leaves.