Understand the expression of personality liberation and the theme of love and marriage in literary works during the May 4th Movement, and realize the uniqueness of the theme of Lu Xun's "Regret for th

Understand the expression of personality liberation and the theme of love and marriage in literary works during the May 4th Movement, and realize the uniqueness of the theme of Lu Xun's "Regret for the Past". Regret for the Past is a short story by Mr. Lu Xun, and it can also be said that it is the only novel with the theme of love. It tells the love story of Juansheng and Zijun, two awakened intellectuals. As Lu Xun's only love novel, it is a tragedy that Juansheng and Zijun ended up in love, but what is the cause of their tragedy? I think there are probably the following aspects. First of all, they live in that "indestructible iron house", and the stagnation and decay of the whole society cannot but destroy this oasis of love.

Feudal ethics is a cannibal society, and love is no exception. Juansheng and Zijun just want to be independent in marriage and free in love. It can be said that it is a small wish in this world, but those "benevolence, righteousness and morality" will not allow them to rebel! What they need is slaves! A loyal slave! In those "respected" feudal guards and "sleepers" in "iron houses", they don't allow rebels to appear in their "houses"!

In that "iron house", people always maintain the ethical spirit that they think is irreplaceable and insurmountable. Feudal ethics such as chastity and filial piety. Things that "eat people with unkindness as their ethics" are at least things that suppress people's personality. Juansheng and Zijun touched on "benevolence, righteousness and morality" in their pursuit of love and freedom of marriage. In their eyes, there is no freedom of love between young men and women, and some should be "parents' orders and matchmakers' words." Once out of their line, they are "rebels". Of course, they will not make those "rebels" feel better. Therefore, Juansheng and Zijun live in an environment where everyone looks down on them.

Juansheng and Zijun successfully lived together and found their own love through their own efforts. In their own eyes, everything is happy (at least at first), but in the eyes of feudal guardians, they are "radicals" who have lost their footing! "I feel that I will always encounter exploration, ridicule, obscenity and contempt on the road." Why do people look at them like this? The reason is simple, because they destroy the "morality" that people have always recognized. Feudal ethics weighed heavily on everyone who lived in an "iron house". Once out of these norms, it is difficult for them to walk around in society. If men and women don't combine without "parents' orders and matchmakers' words", it is "the world doesn't agree" and it is hard to be too proud in society. If you are not careful, you will be ruined, and even your life will be lost. Ai Gu, the protagonist in Lu Xun's Divorce, can be said to be the most provocative and rebellious figure in Lu Xun's works. But in retrospect, what did she arm herself with? It's because there are six brother Qiang in my family, and my family is well-off. The most important thing is that she is "three teas and six rituals, and the sedan chair is carried." 1 Conversely, Ai Gu resisted because she thought she was in the range of "benevolence, righteousness and morality", which was encouraged and allowed by morality. Therefore, she has the courage to resist. However, feudal authority also deeply hurt her. With the sound of "Come to Xi" from the seven adults, her momentum was suppressed, and she never dared to find the bad luck of "little beast" and "old beast" again. Look at Sister Xianglin again. She resisted, "making a big hole in her head." However, in the same way, she is also trying to maintain the feudal tradition of "chastity". Although she was happy after her second marriage, she was still afraid of people talking about it. Why? Because she doesn't "keep the festival"! Sister Xianglin suffered because she didn't keep the festival, and died silently in the sound of blessing. Rather than saying that Xianglinsao died in a loveless world, it is better to say that she died under feudal ethics and died under the poison of feudal thoughts for thousands of years! The good fourth sister-in-law in Tomorrow suffers from chastity, and her only wish is to feed her Bao Er well. To say the least, if Shan Sisao didn't keep the festival and went to find a man she liked who could take care of her mother and son, maybe her Bao Er wouldn't die and she wouldn't blindly believe in He Xiaoxian's "long nails". Generally speaking, feudal society is a cannibal society, and it is your mind and soul that eats people! Of course, the "insignificant" love between Juansheng and Zijun is not to mention.

For thousands of years, feudal thoughts have been suppressing people's thoughts and personality development. It won't give you much room for development. In the eyes of those "guardians", once you resist, you are your enemy. Juansheng is unemployed. In the final analysis, it is those "guardians" who are suppressing Juansheng. "That cream is the gambling friend of the director's son. Be sure to add some rumors and try to report it." What rumors have been added? That's not to say that Juansheng and Zijun violated feudal ethics and lived together without their parents' consent, which greatly destroyed the social atmosphere! "She had quarreled with her uncle, but she was so angry that she no longer recognized her as a niece." Zijun's uncle even denied his niece for the simple reason that Zijun is a person who doesn't abide by "morality". I remember when Juansheng and Zijun were looking for a place to live, "I finally found a place to live, and most of them were rejected by excuses." From these aspects, people don't like and look down on those "rebels" who take care of themselves. In their hearts, there is only the word ethics, not love!

Maybe when Juansheng and Zijun's love is recovered, Zijun can live his own life again, which is not too big a tragedy. At most, we just regret that their love is so fragile and will not be too sad. However, in such a stagnant and decadent society at that time, she could only say: "Now she knows that all she has in the future is her father and her children's creditors, as severe as the scorching sun and the indifference of others. Besides, it is emptiness. How terrible it is to walk on the so-called road of life with empty baggage and look on coldly! Besides, at the end of this road, it's just a grave without a tombstone. What is that? It is a cannibal society. After Zijun took the first step, society did not give her the opportunity to "correct". Because Zijun violated their "ethics" and "three cardinal guides and five permanents", Zijun was finally forced to go to that "grave without tombstone". How pathetic these are! Even if you have a strong will and fighting spirit, you will be in danger of being eaten by it in the end. If you want to get real freedom, you can only overthrow this cannibal society and all the stagnant and decadent systems.

Looking back on Mr. Lu Xun's love, it can be said that it was also deeply hurt by feudal thought. 1906, ordered by her mother to marry Zhu An. It can be said that Zhu An was a gift from his mother to Lu Xun, and he was absolutely unwilling to accept it because he knew nothing about Zhu An and had no feelings at all. But in order not to hurt her mother, it can also be said to protect Ms. Zhu An's life, because in such a society, "marry a woman and splash water", once married, there is no way out, "marry a chicken and follow a dog", if divorced, it will be a great insult, and it can be said that life is worse than death. Lu Xun also thought of this, so he had to work hard to maintain this marriage that was not love.

It can be said that there are "rumors like tigers" in society. How many people see Juansheng and Zijun living together? How much discussion has it caused? "I feel that I will always meet the eyes of exploration, ridicule, obscenity and contempt on the road", even my friends. "I also broke up with a few friends. They thought it was advice, but they were actually timid for me, or they were actually jealous." In fact, why didn't Mr. Lu Xun? In order to live with Xu Guangping and their love, they had to leave Beijing. As a soldier, Lu Xun still wants to drive in, and the consequences of Juansheng and Zijun can be imagined. Society will not give their love a free space. "Love is free" will not appear in their society, and their love oasis will be shattered.

It is difficult for them to take a step forward in that stagnant society. In the words of Xu Guangping, it is: "On the one hand, people who wear moral glasses seriously and sing high-profile songs in society, people who are not worthy of appreciation in the country of love, or people who are jealous of something, give them fierce attacks." 2

Secondly, Juansheng and Zijun's own personality weakness also doomed their love to be a tragedy.

Great changes have taken place in their personalities since they lived together. Because of the oppression of life, Juansheng's free mood disappeared, and then his selfish, hypocritical and cowardly psychology expanded. In this way, their love slowly deteriorated, faded and finally broke down in their respective expanding psychology.

At the beginning, Juan Sheng was brave, sincere and touching about love. "I love Zijun, and I escape from this silence and emptiness with her." Are all awakened intellectuals. They encourage each other and snuggle up to each other, ready to escape from this stagnant society and pursue their own love. They abandoned the worldly vision. In the initial period, they did find their own love. Their love is sweet. "I gradually understood her body and soul clearly." However, Juansheng's own weaknesses gradually emerged under the pressure of society and life.

Educator Suhomlinski once educated his son like this: "Remember, love first means being responsible for the fate and future of your lover ... love first means giving, giving your spiritual strength to your lover and creating happiness for him or her". Love is a kind of responsibility and a kind of dedication. But, Juansheng, did he do it? I don't think he did it. "... the first thing in a person's life is to survive, and to this road of survival, we must walk hand in hand or go forward alone. If you only know how to hit a person by the corner, it will be difficult for soldiers to fight and have to die together. ""In order to avoid mutually assured destruction, new roads have been opened up and new lives have been rebuilt. "At first glance, it seems quite reasonable. In our present situation, but let's think about it. What kind of society do they live in? This is a stagnant "cannibal" society. Juansheng did that, in fact, it was irresponsible to push Zijun to death! A hypocritical mentality! He also knows that once Zijun leaves him and returns to his parents' home, she will surely die in that "loveless world". Finally, Zijun died in a loveless world. Juansheng didn't do his dedication to his lover and didn't do his duty to love. He only thinks about himself. To put it bluntly, it is the concept that "husband and wife are birds in the same forest, and they fly separately when disaster strikes". In the society at that time, when he left Zijun, he actually sent Zijun to the end of death!

In Regret for the Past, Juan Sheng himself clearly thought twice, and the result of his abandonment of Zijun was Zijun's death. For the first time, when he was leaving Zijun, "I suddenly thought of her death" and immediately repented and blamed myself. The second time, before he decided not to love Zijun any more, "I feel that new hope is only when we are separated;" She should definitely give up-I suddenly thought of her death, but I immediately blamed myself and repented. " However, he made up his mind to say the following words:

"... besides, you can move forward carefree. You want me to be honest: yes, people should not be hypocritical. I tell the truth: because, because I don't love you anymore! But it's much better for you, because you can do things carefree ... "

Perhaps when he said, "People should not be hypocritical", it was his most hypocritical and cowardly time. Did he really say everything he said? Can Zijun really "do things without worry"? In fact, he knew, "I suddenly thought of her death", but he was afraid to face it!

Of course, we can't think that Juansheng is a bad person. He also expressed his regret with deep sorrow: "Then, even in the howling evil wind, I will go to find Zijun, tell my regret and sorrow face to face and pray for her forgiveness; Otherwise, the poisonous flame of hell will surround me and burn up my regret and sadness violently. " He is also an awakened intellectual.

In the initial struggle against family tyranny, Zijun also showed extraordinary courage and determination. She roared: "I am my own, and none of them has the right to interfere with me!" " With such a loud voice of personality liberation, she thought that by winning the right to live together, she got everything, and she was content with a mediocre life and forgot the essence of other lives. Bound by the old ideas, Zijun willingly became a housewife with a skirt. The concept of "Yang is the life of the husband, and Yin helps the husband" firmly imprisoned her. Once I lost Juansheng's love, I reluctantly returned to my father's side, shouldering empty love alone and completing the long journey of life.

"I am my own, and none of them has the right to interfere with me!" And "I really didn't expect such a small thing to make such a great change to the resolute and fearless Zijun." It profoundly reflects the change of Zijun, from brave and strong Zijun to so weak. Everything is because of her own personality weakness and the deep imprint of traditional ideas in her heart. In her eyes, she doesn't remember anything except feeding her little oily chicken and Sui, who were busy with family affairs. Later, I gradually fell into the struggle of ordinary citizens, quarreling with my neighbors for that little oil chicken and worrying about some unimportant things. "She said that Sui was too thin, so the landlady laughed at us. She can't stand such ridicule. " What's the difference between this life and the traditional ordinary citizens? People change. If you stop moving forward, you will become depressed. I remember Lu Yao said, "People can only live more fully in extremely heavy labor." That's really good. If a person wants to live a full life, he must constantly improve himself and put his energy into useful places-don't put his energy into the struggle of meaningless ordinary people like Zijun.

However, Zijun is an awakened person in that stagnant society after all. She shouted the voice that women have been afraid to shout for thousands of years: "I am my own, and none of them has the right to interfere with me!" " . This is very encouraging for everyone.

Although Juansheng and Zijun were deeply branded with tradition, they were very few awakened intellectuals at that time.

Finally, economic difficulties make them lose their relaxed state of mind, and their love is dying step by step.

Maslow, an American psychologist, divides human needs into five levels, with physiological needs in the first place and in the most basic position. If a person wants to make a difference in society, he must first solve the problem of survival. If the problem of survival can't be solved, what can he talk about? In the society where Juansheng and Zijun live, if they want to survive, they must at least have a certain economic foundation, so they must solve the economic problems to have a chance to make love stronger. Although Juansheng and Zijun have deep feelings (at the beginning). However, in the end, their beautiful flower of love also quietly withered. In addition to social pressure and their personal character defects, the hardships of life have also made them lose their fighting spirit! Although I dare not say that there is no love without bread, it is difficult to maintain love without bread. Is it really "love can be full of water"? Happy love is built on a certain economic basis, just like a beautiful flower needs sunshine and rain. In the economic difficulties, Juansheng and Zijun lost their relaxed mood. When Juansheng was expelled from the bureau, Zijun's first reaction was: "The fearless Zijun also changed color." Juansheng is only busy on the way to survival, and the relaxed mood has gone before. He was busy copying, and he also had a conflict with Zijun. Juansheng wants a quiet environment to work, and Zijun is also arguing with his neighbors about trivial matters in life. The economic difficulties in life make Juansheng feel that "cold weather and cold expression force me not to settle down at home". Will this kind of life and love last long? The answer is yes.

If a person wants to fight, you must be hungry first. "You won't fight on an empty stomach, and your spirit will be reduced." Both Juansheng and Zijun have strong rebellious spirit, but because of financial difficulties, Juansheng can't do his things quietly at home, and Zijun has to be busy for his livelihood. They have no time to talk about family despotism, breaking old habits, equality between men and women, Ibsen and Tagore. Maybe they have forgotten how important the economy is to them. I remember Lu Xun's "What will happen after Nora leaves": "But people can't wait for the arrival of the ideal world with an empty stomach, at least leave a little breath, just like a lonely boat, trying to find a way out." Therefore, if Juansheng and Zijun want to get a happy love, they have to solve their own economic problems.

"Dreams are good, otherwise, money is very important." Lu Xun said this sentence in What happened after Nora left, which can also be said to be a warning to young people. He and Xu Guangping left Beijing when the economy was in trouble. They agreed to "work hard separately for two years, and earn enough money to maintain the accumulation of living expenses for half a year, so as not to be oppressed by society, fight with an empty stomach and lose their spirit". He told us not to let love numb our minds, not to think that we can get everything with love, and to solve the "belly problem", otherwise the road under our feet will be much more difficult.

Generally speaking, Juansheng and Zijun's love failed because they lived in a lifeless "iron house", and their own weaknesses and financial difficulties were also important reasons for their love failure. If you want to get true love freedom, you must break the stagnant "iron house", be a real awakened person, and have a certain economic foundation at the same time, and don't "fight with an empty stomach and lose morale."

The artistic features of Regret for the Past;

The novel uses "handwriting" to express Juansheng's mood in poetic language and criticize the facts. There are inner monologues and confidences, as well as details embellishment and description in Memories of Time Past, which are full of lyrical colors and delicate line drawing techniques.

The narrative, discussion and scene of the novel are full of lyricism. Novels are generally described according to the retrospective structure of guild halls, Zhao Ji Hutong and guild halls. In the review of specific events, the author did not follow the chronological order of events. It takes the protagonist's feelings as the main line, with auspicious and slight, leap-forward narrative.

First of all, lyrical in narrative.

For example, after Zijun's death, Juansheng returned to the guild hall, recalled the scene of falling in love with Zijun a year ago, and expressed their feelings of love in narrative language: "A year ago, it was not like this in silence and emptiness, and I often looked forward to Zijun's arrival with great expectation." "How did I suddenly come alive when I heard the high-end hint that shoes hit the brick road!" "Now, however, only silence and emptiness remain, but Zijun will never come again, forever, forever! ......"

Secondly, I also express my feelings through discussion.

At the end of the novel: "I wish there were so-called ghosts and so-called hell. Then, even in the evil wind whistling, I will go to find Zijun, tell my regrets and sorrows face to face, and pray for her forgiveness; Otherwise, the poisonous flame of hell will surround me and burn up my regret and sadness violently. "

This is a manifestation of Juansheng's regret and sadness.

Thirdly, the author also describes lyricism with the help of scenery.

The author wrote: A year ago, when they were in love, Zijun came with the new leaves of the semi-withered Sophora japonica outside the window, showing me a room full of purple and white rattan flowers hanging on the old iron stem. A year has passed, and it's still such a shabby house, such a shabby little bed, such a half-withered locust tree and wisteria, but everything that made me hope, rejoice, love and live at that time has passed away.

The author wrote about the emptiness and silence when people left the empty building.

An analysis of zijun's character image;

Zijun and Juansheng are both petty-bourgeois intellectuals who grew up under the influence of the May 4th movement. They both have new ideas of personality liberation, equality between men and women, and autonomy in marriage and love. The author fully affirmed Zijun's brave and fearless spirit of resistance. In order to fight for the freedom of love and marriage, I dared to compete with the old forces, bravely betrayed feudal ethics and feudal autocratic families, and proudly declared: I am my own, and no one of them interfered with my power. This is zijun's battle declaration against feudal autocracy. She lived with Juansheng, which showed her brave resistance to feudal morality and feudal marriage system. The author also criticized Zijun's weakness, compromise and ideological stagnation. When they set up a small family, they were immersed in the solidified peace and happiness, forgot the whole essence of life, devoted their energy to housework, served their husbands humbly, showed the good wife and mother of old-fashioned women, lost the ability and courage to fly, became mediocre and short-lived, and became mediocre domestic slaves from brave women in the new era. Because of her weak personality, she finally had to go back to her betrayed hometown and walk into a grave without a tombstone. The author also wrote her pure and kind character. For the sake of love, she doesn't care that Juansheng is a poor young man with a humble family. When she left Juansheng, she didn't leave a note, but silently left her only daily necessities to Juansheng. There is concern, regret and final nostalgia for love, which shows Zijun's pure and kind character.