In today's global warming. Why did China suffer such a large-scale ice and snow disaster? Pray for the great gods.

Meteorologists explain the large-scale freezing rain and snow disaster in China. Low temperature and heavy precipitation are the causes of disastrous weather. Reporter: Since June 65438+1October 10, there has been a continuous large-scale low-temperature rain, snow and freezing weather in most parts of southern China and the eastern part of northwest China, which is rare since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Jiao, spokesman of China Meteorological Bureau, said that this is a rare disastrous weather process and an extreme weather and climate event since China had meteorological records. Li Weijing (Deputy Director and Researcher, National Climate Center): Yes. Generally speaking, this rare freezing rain and snow weather has four characteristics: wide range, high intensity, long duration and heavy disaster. Low temperature and heavy precipitation are the causes of this disastrous weather, but different regions have different effects. Reporter: Are other countries affected like China? Li Weijing: This bad weather has had an impact on the whole world. Since the beginning of this year, Asia, North America and other places have been hit by cold currents and snowstorms, causing heavy casualties and property losses. Blizzard and cold weather occurred in the midwest and northeast of the United States. Countries in West Asia, Central Asia and South Asia have been hit by cold current one after another. The capital of Iraq has experienced a once-in-a-century snowfall. In some areas of Afghanistan, the snow actually reached 200 cm! Compared with the worldwide cold current and snowstorm, the cold current and snowstorm in China have not reached that serious degree. Reporter: Since this abnormal weather phenomenon exists all over the world, is it related to global warming? Li Weijing: Last year was the warmest year since meteorological records began, which was closely related to global warming. Theoretically, El Nino will lead to warm winters and Leng Xia. La Nina phenomenon is relatively strong this year, which belongs to the medium and upper intensity. La Nina, contrary to El Nino, will lead to warm Leng Xia in winter. Our forecast for this winter is "warm before winter, cold after winter", and the fact is basically consistent with this. "One cold, one hot and one wet", three major air currents and various reasons directly contributed to the abnormal weather. Reporter: What are the main reasons for freezing rain and snow? Dong Wenjie (Director and Researcher of National Climate Center): This is mainly related to the abnormal atmospheric circulation and the "La Nina event"; With the climate warming, the frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climate events increase obviously. Since June+10, 65438, the cold air at high latitudes in Eurasia in the northern hemisphere has been splitting southward, but the strong subtropical system has blocked the cold air from going southward, making the cold and warm air meet in the central and eastern regions of China, forming rain and snow weather from the Yellow River basin to the northern part of the south of the Yangtze River. Reporter: You think this rainy and snowy weather is related to the "La Nina incident" that is happening in the equatorial Middle East Pacific, but the eastern Pacific is far from China. How does La Nina affect China? Dong Wenjie: La Nina means "little girl, saint" in Spanish. Contrary to El Nino, which means El Nino, it is also called "anti-El Nino" or "cold event". La Nina refers to the continuous abnormal cooling of seawater in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific (the surface temperature of seawater is lower than the climate average by more than 0.5℃ for more than 6 months). In August, 2007, the equatorial Middle East Pacific Ocean entered the La Nina state, which has continued to this day, forming the "La Nina Incident". The National Climate Center predicts that La Nina will last at least until the summer of 2008, with moderate or strong intensity. Statistical analysis shows that in winter of one year and spring of the following year, the latitude of mid-latitude atmospheric circulation will be strengthened, that is, cold air activities are frequent, which will easily lead to low temperature in most parts of northern and eastern China and more precipitation in the north of the Yangtze River. Affected by La Nina, the staged low temperature in winter and spring may have a great impact on the central and eastern regions of China. Reporter: What role do you think La Nina played in this weather disaster? Li Weijing: Some parts of China suffered from abnormal weather this year, and the direct cause can be attributed to "one cold, one hot and one wet". La Nina is the root cause of this situation. La Nina is conducive to the weakening of the subtropical high in the western Pacific, which is located to the east of normal, and is conducive to the influence of cold air southward on China, which is one of them. Secondly, there are three paths for the cold wave to affect our country in winter: east, middle and west. The cold wave of May 438+10 in June this year mainly invaded China from the west. There is a ridge of high pressure in the Ural mountains this winter, which is beneficial to influence our country all the way south. This cold current first entered Xinjiang, and then came southeast along the Hexi Corridor. Thirdly, because the "South Branch Trough" located on the south side of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is relatively active, it is beneficial for the warm and humid airflow from the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean to reach the south of China, providing sufficient water vapor sources for heavy snowfall. As we know, both precipitation and snowfall occur at the intersection of cold and warm air currents. The rich water vapor brought by the warm and humid air currents in the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean and the cold air invading China from the northwest route have successively converged in the central and southern regions of China, causing heavy snowfall and rainfall. At the same time, cold air caused serious chilling injury. Reporter: Can we accurately predict such abnormal weather? Li Weijing: The internal changes of atmospheric circulation are unpredictable, and uncontrollable factors are the main reasons for the mistakes in weather forecasting. Climate system is a complex nonlinear system, that is to say, the change of a parameter will lead to great changes in the results, resulting in the "butterfly effect". The main factors affecting the winter climate in China are quite complicated, and La Nina phenomenon is only one of them. In response to abnormal weather, it is necessary to strengthen departmental linkage and regional coordination and promote the "last stick" of meteorological information. Reporter: How to effectively link various departments to deal with abnormal weather deserves attention. Li Weijing: In response to the disastrous low temperature and heavy snowfall, the China Meteorological Bureau strengthened departmental linkage. 65438+1at 8: 38 a.m. on October 25th and1at 8: 35 a.m. on October 27th, China Meteorological Bureau issued three-level and two-level emergency response orders to start the early warning emergency plan for major meteorological disasters. At the same time, pay attention to strengthen contact with public security, transportation, civil affairs, power supply, communications, civil aviation, safety supervision and other departments, and actively provide forecasting and early warning information. We have also strengthened contacts and coordination among various localities. The meteorological departments of all localities are linked up and down to inform each other of the latest monitoring, forecasting and early warning information in a timely manner. Do a good job in real-time monitoring, encrypted observation and rolling forecast according to the emergency plan, and increase the frequency of submitting forecast service data. For this weather process, the Central Meteorological Observatory and the meteorological bureaus of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have made early warning and timely services, providing meteorological service information for the government to guide disaster prevention and relief and people's travel life. Reporter: On the one hand, accurate prediction is very important. Whether weather information can be transmitted well and reach the public smoothly is also very important. Li Weijing: We timely release early warning information through various channels. Before and during the occurrence and development of severe weather, meteorological stations at all levels timely release forecast and early warning and live monitoring information to the public and those responsible for disaster prevention and mitigation through SMS, telephone, website and electronic display screen. SMS played an important role in this disaster forecast. According to preliminary statistics, the meteorological department of Anhui Province issued 547 early warning signals in June 65438+1October 1-2 1, and more than 80,000 mobile phone messages1. 14 On June 23rd, Hunan released 28 1 warning messages and 25.02 million mobile phone messages. The number of free SMS messages sent in Henan reached 33.93 million.