Geographical environment of Mingshui county

The eastern part of Mingshui County is the Baike hilly area of Xiaoxing 'an Mountains. The mountains are rolling and the ravines are criss-crossing. The western part belongs to Songnen Plain, which is flat and open, and endless. The average elevation of the county is 249.2m, and the highest elevation is 293.6m (Liu Zheng and Yongxing Town are already in Tun). Minimum distance 156.7m, (southwest corner of the county reaches the racecourse), and height difference136.9m. ..

Mingshui county is high in the middle and low in the east and west. From the west of Yongxing Town to the east of Shuangxing, there is a southeast-northwest ridge, which is the watershed of Songnen River Basin. From here, the ridge gradually decreases to the east and west, and the lowest is the grassland along the Tongken River and in the west. The cross section of the terrain is irregular. The landform of this county can be divided into four types. Hills, gentle slopes, low-lying plains and flood plains.

Mingshui is a plain area, and there are no mountains. There are several big hills in the eastern hilly area, the largest of which is Zhenjiagang. It starts in the west of Yongxing Town, passes through Tuanjie Township East, Yongjiu Township West, and reaches Shuangxing Township East in the south, showing a northeast-southwest trend. With a total length of 43.5 kilometers and an altitude of 170 to 290 meters, it is the watershed of Songnen River Basin, and the famous ones are Danjiagang, Caojiagang, Lujiagang, Huangjiagang, Chejiagang, Hujiagang and Zhangjiagang.

Mingshui county is located in the northern margin of Songliao fault limit of Jihei block fault zone, and adjacent to Qinggang uplift in the southeast. The geological structure belongs to the Neocathaysian structural system. The terrain is flat and open, the surface water flow is undeveloped, and the geological characteristics belong to accumulation type. The Tertiary and Cretaceous strata in the county are shallow buried, and the thickness of Quaternary sediments is thin (4-5 meters) in the northeast, about 50 meters in the south and more than 60 meters in the west. Mingshui County is located in the Tongken River basin, which belongs to the hilly area of Xiaoxing 'anling in the east and the hinterland of Songnen Plain in the west. Its territory is rectangular, with a length of 86 kilometers from east to west, a width of 3 1.6 kilometers from north to south, and a land area of 3.45 million mu, including cultivated land 1.6 1.00 mu (accounting for 46.7% of the total area), forest land of 420,000 mu, grassland of 720,000 mu and water area of 654.38+0.

The soil is dark and thick. Soil is divided into 7 soil types, 17 subcategories, 20 soil genera and 3 1 soil type. The basic fertility of cultivated land is good, accounting for 48.89% of excellent and good, 35.4% of medium, and only 15.7 1% of low, in which the contents of organic matter and total nitrogen are medium; High content of available nitrogen and low content of available phosphorus; Rich in total potassium and available potassium; Except saline soil and alkaline earth, PH is neutral. Tongken River is the boundary river between Mingshui County and Hailun County. Originated in Hailun County, it flows into Hulan River, with a total length of 378 km and a drainage area of 10583km2. It flows through Glory County and Shu Ren County. The annual flow rate is 780 million cubic meters, and the average flow rate is 24.8 cubic meters per second. Ships can be used in rainy season.

Pyla River is a tributary of Tonkin River. Originated in the south of Baiquan County, it flows through the junction of Prosperous Township, Yongxing Town and Renxin, with a total length of 32 kilometers. It is 27 kilometers in Mingshui County. Annual runoff is 6.5438+0.85 million cubic meters. Mingshui is located in the high latitude zone, with obvious seasonal changes, and belongs to the continental climate of north temperate zone. The temperature in the county changes obviously in seasons, with long and cold winters and warm summers.

The climate is characterized by long, cold and dry winters. Summer is warm and rainy; Less precipitation and more wind in spring; Autumn precipitation is moderate, the temperature is cool and pleasant, and frost comes early. The west and south are open plains with high wind speed, high temperature and little precipitation. The eastern and northern parts are hilly and hilly areas with low wind speed, high local temperature and much precipitation.

The frost-free period is about 124 days every year, and the temperature difference across the county does not exceed 0.3℃. 65438+ 10 is the coldest month, and the monthly average temperature is -20.9℃. The highest temperature is in July, and the monthly average temperature is 265438 0.9℃. The annual temperature difference is 42.8℃. The average annual temperature is 2.0 degrees Celsius. The annual maximum temperature is 4.0℃( 1975. 1982). The minimum year is 0.2℃( 1956). The annual average occurrence time of high temperature weather with daily maximum temperature ≥30℃ is 1 1 day, which generally occurs from the end of June to the end of July; The low-temperature weather with daily minimum temperature ≤-30℃ generally appears from late February of 65438 to early February of the following year, and the main period is+10 in the first half of 65438.

The difference of sunshine hours in each year is only a few hundred hours, the longest one is 3066 hours, and the least one is 2664 hours. There is less sunshine in winter and more sunshine in summer.

The average precipitation is 472mm, the maximum precipitation is 728mm (1960), and the minimum precipitation is only 303mm (1968). The precipitation in wet years is 2.4 times that in dry years.

The snowfall in winter is 22 mm, which is less than 5% of the annual precipitation. The number of snowfall days in the whole year is 28. 1 day, accounting for 7.9% of the whole year. The average first day is 65438+ every year10.9, the whole day is April 30 of the following year, and the first day is 204 days.