Fairy tales reflecting patriarchal society

The written records about gods first appeared in the book Classic, which may have existed in the history of written records in 700 BC or earlier. There is little explanation of God's "humanity" in the literature. Chaos, Shu and Hu recorded in Zhuangzi are the most humane images, and their main function is to convey the concept of "respecting heaven and earth" to people.

sky

Also called Emperor Heaven: The written records about Heaven first appeared in ancient books and were called gods in Confucian literature; Although it is generally believed that heaven and God belong to the same concept, the research of sinologist Herrlee Glessner Creel does show that God appeared earlier than heaven. In the folk, the image of heaven is more "human" than God. The ancient emperor of China was called the "son of heaven", and the Temple of Heaven in Beijing was the place where emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties sacrificed to heaven.

Pingu breaks the sky.

Pangu Story [5] is the most famous creation myth in ancient China, but it is absent because of its nature.

Pingu breaks the sky.

It can be written on the title page of China myth, which shows primitive people's intuitive understanding of the formation of the universe. In China literature, the myth of Pangu's creation first appeared in the Three-Five Calendars written by Xú Zhēng in the Three Kingdoms Period, while the first description of Pangu's creation in the popular biography of Tuoba Yan in the Ming Dynasty seems to be closer to the original appearance of ancient myths. Pangu is the oldest god in the myth system of China. Its birth is very old, and it has been passed down from mouth to mouth for a long time. It was not until the Three Kingdoms period that scholars of the State of Wu recorded it.

The myth of Pangu's creation is widely circulated. At present, the Han people's records about Pangu are first found in the Five-Movement Calendar written by Xú Zhēng of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, in which the process of Pangu's incarnation is described as follows: "The weather is fine, it is budding, and then the heavens and the earth are divided, and it is dry and Kun Li, revealing the distribution of Yin and Yang and vitality. It is pregnant, neutral and human. Born Pangu, dying incarnation; Qi becomes a storm, the sound is thunder, the left eye is the sun, the right eye is the moon, the five limbs are the four poles and five mountains, the blood is the river, the tendons are the ground, the muscles are the soil, the hair is the star, the moss is the vegetation, the teeth are the stone, the essence is the jade, the sweat is the rain, and the worms in the body are Li Meng due to weathering. " There is a similar description in Ren Fang's Yi Shu in the Southern Dynasties: "If Pangu dies, his head will be four mountains, his eyes will be the sun and the moon, his fat will be rivers and seas, and his hair will be vegetation ... Pangu is the ancestor of all things in the world, and life will start from Pangu." Since then, Pangu's account has become richer. In these myths and legends, the process of Pangu's creation of the world is a process of incarnation, and he cultivated all things in the universe with his own sacrifice. As a result, Pangu became the personality god of Han people who created the world and people.

The myth of Pangu has been circulated among the people in Biyang County, with a more vivid and legendary version.

Pangu Mountain is also known as Jiulong Mountain. Li Daoyuan of the Northern Wei Dynasty clearly recorded in the Notes on Water Classics: "Biyang, the old city, has Cai Shui in the south of the city, leaving Pangu Mountain, also known as Panguchuan, and entering the water in the northwest." This Pangu Mountain and Cai Shui originated in Pangu Township, Biyang County. This myth began with a devastating disaster in ancient times. At that time, the world was in chaos. With the inspiration and help of God, a pair of Pangu brothers and sisters made heaven first, and then made earth. God also gave them mountains, rivers, trees and grains, and ordered them to marry and become husband and wife. Pangu Milk has given birth to two babies, but they are all acne. Master Pangu was furious and cut open a knot in one's heart with a kitchen knife. Unexpectedly, one pimple contains a chubby baby girl in vain, while the other is a lively baby boy. This 100 pair of children will grow up soon. Master Pangu asked them to do different jobs. What kind of work they do, just call them by their first and last names. As a result, "hundreds of surnames" appeared, and hundreds of descendants of Pangu gradually multiplied and eventually developed into today's human world. ...

The myth of Pangu's creation has a long history. Pangu Mountain in Biyang County has preserved a large number of archaeological objects, such as Pangu Temple, Pangu Well, Pangu Tomb, Pangu Building, Desert, White Temple and Tianshui River. , and retained a set of myths and legends and domain name system about Pangu culture, which is rich in cultural resources and profound in Pangu culture.

Pangu is the ancestor of the Chinese nation and the representative of China people's spirit of civilization, wisdom, courage, fearlessness, struggle against heaven and earth, hard struggle and self-improvement. Pangu culture is the "root culture" of Chinese nation. The essence of Pangu culture contains great courage to be the first and innovate; It contains the values of people-oriented and selfless dedication. Pangu culture is an important part of Chinese excellent culture. This precious historical culture complements other excellent cultures of the Chinese nation.

note:

1. In historical documents, Pangu is generally male, some documents are stories of Pangu Couple and Pangu Brothers and Sisters [10- 12], and there are memorial tombs of Pangu Couple in modern times;

Second, it is clearly mentioned in relevant historical records that "Pangu" is a group of people, not a person;

Third, the only explicit image of Pangu in historical documents is "snake/dragon body", which is not human.

Make a fool of yourself.

In ancient times, Sui people proclaimed themselves emperor in Shangqiu. At that time, people hunted for food.

Make a fool of yourself.

Raw, eat whatever you hit, and eat raw with blood and meat. People live like animals. Suiren is their leader and often leads people to hunt in the mountains.

One day, a fire broke out in the forest. After the fire went out, many animal carcasses were left in the Woods. Suiren picked up a pheasant and tasted it. Ah, it smells good!

Much more delicious than raw meat. So he led everyone to pick up these cooked birds and animals and eat them all. When the cooked meat is finished, they will go hunting again, eat raw meat and drink raw blood. At this time, people think that raw meat is really not delicious. Therefore, they hope that there will be another fire in the mountains and bring them delicious cooked meat.

Somehow, just as they were thinking this way, a big bird suddenly fell from the sky. The big bird flew to Suiren and stopped, looked at him and said, "Don't you want a fire? There is one in Sun Palace. Let me take you there. " As soon as Suiren was happy, he rode on the back of a big bird and flew to the Sun Palace.

When she arrived at the Sun Palace, Princess Sun said to Suiren, "You are the emperor on earth. There are many treasures in the Sun Palace. Choose whatever you want, and I'll give you whatever you want. "

"I just want fire," said Suiren.

Princess Sun said, "Well, I have a gem here that can make a fire. I'll give it to you.

Suiren took this gem, thanked Princess Sun happily and flew back to earth on a big bird.

After returning to the world, Suiren held this gem for making a fire in his hand every day, waiting for him to make a fire. However, a few days later, I couldn't see the fire from the gem. Suiren's anxious. He thought, "How could Princess Sun lie to me?" Why can't this gem make a fire? What's the use! "He grabbed the gem and threw it at a big stone. There was a bang and sparks were flying. Suiren suddenly understood that only by hitting stones with stones can a fire be made. He tried again, and sure enough, he hit a stone and caught fire. Since then, people have learned to hit a stone to make a fire, and never eat raw meat or drink raw blood again. Fire has brought many benefits and conveniences to people's lives, and people are very happy.