Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather forecast - 1985 statistical bulletin
1985 statistical bulletin
1985, the total output value of youth industry was 408.9 billion yuan, an increase of 18. 1% over the previous year. The variety of light industrial products has increased, and the output of medium and high-grade products has increased substantially. However, some products in short supply still cannot meet the market demand.
The output of major light industrial products is as follows:
1985 increased by% compared with 1984.
Yarn 35 1 ten thousand tons 9 1
Cloth1430,000 m 4.2
Wool fabric 2.65438+ 1 100m 16.8
Machine-made paper and paperboard 8.26 million tons 9.3
Sugar 4.45 million tons 17. 1
235 10/0,000 boxes of cigarettes 10.3
57,000 tons of chemicals 9.6
32.35 million bicycles 13.0
9.86 million sewing machines
Table 4 1.73 million 9.6
16.22 million TV sets
Among them: 465,438 color TV sets+206 million sets.
Recorder 12765438+ 10,000 sets 63.7
65438+800,000 cameras 42.4
8.83 million household washing machines 52.8
Household refrigerators 1.39 million units
1985 The gross output value of heavy industry was 467 billion yuan, an increase of 17.9% over the previous year. The primary energy output (equivalent to standard coal) was 839 million tons, an increase of 7.8% over the previous year. But the supply of electricity and raw materials is still tight.
The output of major heavy industry products is as follows:
1985 increased by% compared with 1984.
Raw coal 850 million tons 7.7
Crude oil 65438+250 million tons 89
The power generation is 407.3 billion kWh, 8.0.
46.66 million tons of steel 7.3
36.79 million tons of steel 9 1
Wood 6365438+ million cubic meters-1.2
Cement142.46 million tons 15.8
6.69 million tons of sulfuric acid-18.2
Soda 2 million tons 6.5
Fertilizer13.35 million tons -8.6
205,000 tons of chemical pesticide -3 1.3
Power generation equipment 56 1 10,000 kilowatts 20. 1
155000 machine tool 15.7
439,000 vehicles and 38.7 vehicles
Tractors (more than 20 horsepower) 44600 12.3
746 railway locomotives 13.4
Civil steel ship10.66 million tons 0.6
The economic benefit has been improved. 1985, China saved more than 30 million tons of standard coal, with an energy saving rate of 4.7%. The total labor productivity of state-owned industrial enterprises was 15349 yuan, an increase of 9.4% over the previous year; Fixed working capital turnover days 100 days, 2 days less than the previous year; State-owned industrial enterprises realized profits and taxes of 1 182 billion yuan within the budget, an increase of 14.3% over the previous year. However, the quality of some products declined, the consumption increased, and the losses of enterprises in a few departments and regions increased.
State-owned industrial enterprises have gradually established various forms of economic responsibility system and generally implemented the system of changing profits into taxes. 1985 The proportion of enterprises that realized profit-tax conversion reached 8 1%. 1985, the rural areas of China made great strides in reforming the system of unified purchase and marketing of agricultural products and adjusting the industrial structure, and the rural economy continued to develop in an all-round way. The annual rural social output value was 3.619.5 billion yuan, an increase of 15.6% over the previous year. Among them, the total output value of industry, construction, transportation and commerce increased by 37.4%, and the proportion increased from 36.5% in the previous year to 42.3%.
The total annual agricultural output value was 45 1 100 million yuan (including village-run industries), an increase of 13% over the previous year, exceeding the planned growth rate of 6%. Among them, the proportion of sideline agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery increased from 42. 1% in the previous year to 49.9%. Excluding the output value of village-run industries, the total agricultural output value was 357.5 billion yuan, an increase of 3% over the previous year.
The planting structure of crops has been greatly adjusted. The sown area of grain decreased by more than 4.4 million hectares over the previous year. Coupled with natural disasters and the relaxation of grain production in some areas, the total output was 378.98 million tons, a decrease of 28.33 million tons over the previous year. Except for cotton, which was reduced compared with the previous year due to area compression, the output of main cash crops has been greatly improved.
The output of main agricultural products is as follows:
1985 increased by% compared with 1984.
Grain 378.98 million tons -7.0
Cotton 465438+500,000 tons -33.7
Oil 654.38+0578 million tons 32.5
Sugarcane 565438+470000 tons 30.2
Beet 8965438+ 10,000 tons 7.6
Kenaf 3.4 million tons 128.438+0
Flue-cured tobacco 2.08 million tons 34.5
Cocoon 370,000 tons 4.8
Tea 440,000 tons 6.0
The further implementation of the forestry policy has aroused the enthusiasm of the masses for afforestation and forest management. The output of forest products such as camellia oleifera seeds and tung oil seeds increased, and the output of natural rubber basically maintained last year's level.
New progress has been made in animal husbandry production. The output of pigs, cattle, mutton, milk and eggs increased rapidly, and the stock of large livestock and pigs continued to increase at the end of the year, while the stock of sheep decreased slightly at the end of the year.
The output of main livestock products and the number of livestock are as follows:
1985 increased by% compared with 1984.
Output of pig, beef and mutton17.55 million tons 13.9.
The milk output is 2.5 million tons 14.2.
Sheep wool output is 6.5438+0.8 million tons -3.3.
238.95 million live pigs were slaughtered, with 8.4 pigs.
Number of large livestock at year end113.82 million 5.0.
At the end of the year, the number of live pigs was 33 1.48 million, 8.0.
Number of sheep at year end156160000-1.4.
Fishery production has made great progress. The output of aquatic products was 6.97 million tons, an increase of 12.5% over the previous year. Among them, the output of freshwater products increased by 25. 1%, and that of seawater products increased by 5.3%.
The ownership of agricultural machinery and rural electricity consumption increased. By the end of 1985, the total power of agricultural machinery in China reached 284 million horsepower, an increase of 7. 1% over the end of last year. 864,000 large and medium-sized tractors, an increase of1.2%; Small and walking tractors were 38 1 10,000, an increase of15.4%; 427,000 trucks, an increase of 22.3%; Irrigation and drainage power machinery 78.5 million horsepower, the same as last year. Fertilizer application rate17.76 million tons, an increase of 2.1%; Rural electricity consumption was 510.20 billion kwh, an increase of10.3%.
The meteorological department has improved the forecasting level, made timely and accurate forecasts of disastrous weather in some areas, reduced the losses caused by disasters, and improved the social and economic benefits of meteorological services.
Transportation and post and telecommunications
The transportation department relies on reform and tapping the potential, and its transportation capacity has been continuously improved. 1985, the transportation department completed the cargo turnover of 1.6668 million tons/km, an increase of 1.49% over the previous year. Among them, the turnover of railway goods is 81250 million tons/km, with an increase of12.1%; The turnover of highway goods was 35.5 billion tons kilometers, up by 0.3%; The turnover of waterway cargo was 757.2 billion tons kilometers, up by19.5%; The turnover of air cargo was 4150,000 ton-km, an increase of 33.4%; The transportation turnover of oil and gas pipelines was 665,438+200 million tons kilometers, up by 7%. The cargo throughput of major coastal ports is 311million tons, an increase of 13% over the previous year.
1985 transportation department: all kinds of transport vehicles completed the passenger delivery, with a turnover of 424.8 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 17.3% over the previous year. Among them, the railway passenger turnover was 241600 million person-kilometers, an increase of181%over the previous year; The turnover of highway passengers was 65.438+0543 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 654.38+05.4%; The passenger turnover of waterway transportation was 65.438+0.72 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 654.38+065.438+0.7%; Air passenger turnover11700 million person-kilometers, an increase of 4 1%.
Posts and telecommunications have made great progress. 1985 The total post and telecommunications business was 2.94 billion yuan, an increase of 17.4% over the previous year. Among them, letters increased by 17.7%, newspapers increased by 2.2%, telegrams increased by 25.9%, and long-distance calls increased by 22%. At the end of the year, the number of local telephone users reached 2 1.9 million, an increase of 1.4% over the end of last year.
The economic benefits of transportation, post and telecommunications departments continued to improve. The labor productivity of railway transport workers increased by 9.8% over the previous year, the average daily output of each locomotive increased by 4% over the previous year, and the annual profit increased by 12.3%. The average annual output per horsepower of local inland river tugboats increased by 7% over the previous year. The profit of post and telecommunications enterprises increased by 43% over the previous year. The average berthing time of foreign trade ships in Hong Kong has been extended from 8.7 days in the previous year to 1 1. 1 day. Traffic, post and telecommunications are still tense.
Four. fixed-asset investment
1985, key construction and enterprise transformation were further strengthened, and new progress was made in the reform of management system. The investment in urban and rural fixed assets nationwide was 247.5 billion yuan, an increase of 64.2 billion yuan or 35% over the previous year. Among them, the fixed assets investment of units owned by the whole people is165.2 billion yuan, the fixed assets investment of urban and rural collective units is 32.7 billion yuan, and the fixed assets investment of urban and rural individuals is 49.6 billion yuan. Among the fixed assets investment of units owned by the whole people, the capital construction investment was 106 1 billion yuan, an increase of 310.8 billion yuan or 42.8% over the previous year. Included in the capital construction plan assessment, 88.2 billion yuan was completed, accounting for 99.3% of the adjusted planned investment.
Among the capital construction investment, the investment in energy industry was 20 1 billion yuan, an increase of 20.6% over the previous year. The investment in communications, posts and telecommunications was 176 billion yuan, up by 5 1.5%. The investment in key projects of 169 organized by the state according to the reasonable construction period is 22.7 billion yuan, accounting for10/%of the planned investment. The first phase of Shanghai Baoshan Iron and Steel General Factory has been completed and entered the stage of trial production assessment. A number of key coal mines, oil wells and power stations, as well as electrification of Beijing-Qinhuangdao Railway, Yanshi Railway, Shijiu Port in Shandong Province, and coaxial communication cables from Hanjing to Guanzhong were completed and put into operation. The investment in Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou and Xiamen Special Economic Zones reached 4 billion yuan, an increase of 82% over the previous year. 14 coastal cities opened to the outside world completed an investment of 654.38+62 billion yuan, an increase of 39.7% over the previous year.
1985, 97 large and medium-sized projects were completed and put into operation, and 134 individual projects were completed and put into operation. The newly-increased main production capacity includes: generator set capacity of 5.66 million kilowatts, coal mining 1.5 1.3 million tons, crude oil mining 1.737 million tons (including the production capacity increased by oil field reconstruction and other investments), delivery mileage of newly-built railways of 359 kilometers, and operating mileage of newly-built railways of 23 1 km. Among them, the capacity of newly added generator sets, crude oil exploitation capacity, railway electrification mileage and port throughput capacity are the highest since the founding of the People's Republic of China.
The transformation of existing enterprises is progressing rapidly. 1985, units owned by the whole people completed renovation and other fixed assets investment of 596,543.8 billion yuan, an increase of 654,380.49 billion yuan or 33.7% over the previous year. Among them, the renovation investment is 43 1 100 million yuan, accounting for 1 19.7% of the planned investment. The investment in renovation and transformation of machinery, electronics and textile industries has exceeded the investment in capital construction in that year. Among the investment in renovation, the investment in increasing product variety and product output was 265,438+0,654,380 billion yuan, an increase of 665,438+0.2% over the previous year; The investment in saving energy and raw materials and improving product quality was 4.4 billion yuan, an increase of 19.2% over the previous year. In the whole year, there were 74,000 construction and renovation projects and 40,000 completed and put into operation, which played an important role in the technological progress of enterprises.
The reform of the management system of the construction industry and capital construction was further deepened. 1985, among the more than 6,543.8+0.4 million projects in the construction industry owned by the whole people, more than 654.38+0. 1.00 projects implemented various forms of contract responsibility system. About half of the large and medium-sized capital construction projects under construction implement the investment responsibility system. Some engineering designs have also started bidding and contracting. 1985, the gross output value of the construction industry owned by the whole people increased by 25.4% over the previous year, the labor productivity of all employees increased by 22.3% over the previous year, and the profits of construction and installation enterprises in the budget increased by 8.5% over the previous year.
New achievements have been made in geological work. The newly proven reserves of 15 major minerals listed in the national plan have all been exceeded. The newly-increased coal reserves are 34.2 billion tons and iron ore reserves are 580 million tons. A number of oil and gas fields and more than 200 metallic and nonmetallic mineral areas have been newly discovered and evaluated. The annual geological drilling footage was 9.79 million meters.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) domestic business and material supply and marketing
Urban and rural markets are prosperous and active. 1985, the total retail sales of social goods was 430.5 billion yuan, an increase of 27.5% over the previous year; After deducting the price increase factor, the actual increase was 17.2%. In the total retail sales of social goods, the retail sales of consumer goods increased by 30.7%, and the retail sales of agricultural means of production increased by 7.9%. The social retail sales of major consumer goods increased over the previous year: grain 5. 1%, edible vegetable oil 13.9%, pork 7.6%, fresh eggs 20%, sugar 15%, pure cotton cloth1.8% and chemical fiber cloth 5. Satin increased by 19. 1%, wool increased by 26%, watches increased by 28.8%, bicycles increased by 8. 1%, electric fans increased by 1 times, televisions increased by 59.9%, tape recorders increased by 58.4%, cameras increased by 55.6%.
The reform of the commercial system has been further promoted, and the circulation of commodities has become more active. By the end of 1985, there were 5 13 secondary wholesale stations for industrial products in China, accounting for 86.2% of the number to be decentralized; Small state-owned retail business, catering and service enterprises were changed to state collective ownership, and * * 64671was changed to collective ownership and leased to individuals, accounting for 75.4% of the total number of small enterprises. The number of urban and rural fairs has increased from 56,000 at the end of last year to 6 1 10,000. The annual market trade turnover was 70.5 billion yuan, an increase of 50% over the previous year. The retail sales of commodities of various economic types increased significantly over the previous year. Among them, the state-owned economic growth13.6%; Collective economic growth18%; Individual economic growth 1. 1 times; Other economic types increased by 84.2%; The retail sales of farmers to non-agricultural residents increased by 70.6%.
1985 The price reform started smoothly, which promoted the development of commodity economy, but the market price rose greatly. The total purchase price index of agricultural and sideline products increased by 8.6% on average over the previous year; The total retail price index rose by 8.8% on average over the previous year. Among them, due to the adjustment and liberalization of retail prices of agricultural and sideline products and other commodities, the overall retail price level rose by 5.4%, and other factors affected the overall retail price level by 3.4%. In terms of urban and rural areas, the total retail price index in urban areas rose by an average of 12.2%, while in rural areas it rose by 7%. In terms of commodities, the price of fresh vegetables rose by 34.5%, that of meat, poultry and eggs by 22%, that of aquatic products by 34.3%, that of fresh fruits by 35.9%, that of grain by 10.9%, that of books and newspapers by 32.5% and that of fuel by 4%. Retail prices of consumer goods such as clothing, daily necessities, cultural and entertainment products rose slightly. The total price index of employees' living expenses increased by 1 1.9% on average over the previous year.
1985, the sales of important means of production generally increased. Coal increased by 5.3%, steel by 23. 1% and cement by 13.7%. With the gradual advancement of the reform of the material circulation system and the expansion of the market adjustment scope, the number of production materials trading centers has increased from 96 in the previous year to 644, with an annual transaction volume of 654.38+0.05 billion yuan. The turnover days of fixed liquidity in ministry of materials and equipment are 64 days, 4 days less than the previous year. However, the supply contracts of some means of production have not been completed well.
Intransitive Verbs Foreign Economy and Tourism
Import and export trade continued to grow. According to customs statistics, the total import and export volume of 1985 reached $69.62 billion, an increase of 30% over the previous year. Among them, the total export value was 27.36 billion US dollars, an increase of 4.7% over the previous year; The total import value was US$ 42.26 billion, up by 54.2%.
Non-trade foreign exchange receipts and payments continued to maintain a surplus. 1985 The national non-trade foreign exchange income was $5 1 billion, and the expenditure was $0/61billion. The income exceeded the expenditure by $3.49 billion.
The scale of utilizing foreign capital has expanded. 1985, China actually utilized 4.3 billion US dollars of foreign capital, an increase of 59.3% over the previous year. Among them, the use of various loans was 2.43 billion US dollars, an increase of 88.4% over the previous year; Foreign direct investment and commodity credit amounted to US$ 6,543.8+0.87 billion, an increase of 3,654.38+0.7% over the previous year.
New progress has been made in foreign economic and technological cooperation. 1985 794 foreign contracted projects and labor cooperation contracts were signed, with a contract value of1.1.90 billion USD. The annual turnover was US$ 890 million, an increase of 43.5% over the previous year.
Tourism has further developed. 1985,17.83 million people from 1783 countries and regions received tourists, visited and engaged in various exchange activities, an increase of 38.8% over the previous year. The foreign exchange income of tourism in the whole year was US$ 6,543.8+250 million yuan, an increase of 6,543.8+0.5% over the previous year.
Seven. Science, education and culture
Science and technology have advanced in the reform and made new contributions to economic construction. 40 national key technology promotion projects have achieved good economic benefits. Most of the national key scientific and technological projects have been completed according to the contract requirements, and 3,896 achievements or phased achievements have been achieved, of which 3 165 have played a role in the national economy. There are 104 14 scientific and technological achievements awarded by relevant departments of the State Council and people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. 185 inventions approved by the state. The scientific and technological team continues to grow. 1985, the number of natural science and technology personnel in units owned by the whole people was 865,438+million, an increase of 630,000 over the previous year. There were 4.2 million social scientists, an increase of 4 1 10,000 over the previous year.
The reform of educational system has promoted the sustainable development of education. 1985, * * * enrolled 47,000 graduate students, an increase of 23,000 over the previous year; 87,000 graduate students, an increase of 20,000 over the previous year; Graduate students 1.7 million. Ordinary colleges and universities enrolled 601.9 million students, an increase of 1.44 million students over the previous year; Students 1.703 million, an increase of 307,000 over the previous year; The number of graduates is 3 1.6 million. Adult colleges and universities enrolled 788,000 undergraduate and junior college students, an increase of 310.4 million over the previous year; Students 1.725 million, an increase of 432,000 over the previous year; There are 347,000 graduates.
The structure of secondary education has been initially adjusted. There are 51683,000 middle school students, an increase of 244 1000 over the previous year. Among them, the number of students in vocational and technical education in senior high school reached 4165,000, accounting for 36% of the total number of students in senior high school, up from 32.3% in the previous year. Adult secondary specialized schools 1.348 million, adult secondary schools1.23 million.
The popularization of primary education has been consolidated and developed. There are 0/33.7 million primary school students in China, and the enrollment rate of school-age children has increased from 95% in the previous year to 95.9%. Preschool education and education for the blind, deaf and mentally retarded have also made great progress.
Culture, news, radio, movies and television have played an important role in the construction of socialist spiritual civilization. 1985 produced feature films 127, a decrease from the previous year 17; 179 new films (feature films) were released, two fewer than the previous year. There are 82,000 film projection units19, 33 art performance groups, 3,029 cultural centers, 2,356 public libraries, 7 museums19 and 3,006 archives in China. There are 2 15 radio stations over 1 kw, 575 radio transmitting stations and relay stations, 204 TV stations and 507 TV transmitting stations and relay stations. National and provincial newspapers published186.9 billion copies, magazines published 2.5 billion copies and books published 6.65 billion copies.
Eight. Health and sports
Medical and health conditions have been continuously improved. At the end of 1985, the number of hospital beds in China reached 2.233 million, an increase of 3. 1% over the end of last year. There are 3,465,438+3,000 professional health technicians, an increase of 2. 1% over the end of last year. Among them, the number of doctors 1.409 million (including 725,000 Chinese and western medicine), an increase of 2%; There were 635,000 nurses and nursing staff, an increase of 3. 1%.
There has been a new breakthrough in sports. 1985, China athletes won 46 world championships in the World Championships and the World Cup, which was the year with the largest number of world championships in the history of China. 9 times to break and exceed 5 world records; Breaking the national record of 1 18 for 203 times. In the whole year, 1 13 people won the title of international athlete. Mass sports are more vigorous.
Nine, a person's life
The living standards of urban and rural people have been further improved. According to a sample survey of rural households, the per capita net income of farmers in 1985 was 397 yuan (including the income from production and operation of 355 yuan, the cash and objects sent back and brought back by the floating population, and the relief funds issued by the state, etc.). ), an increase of 65,438+065,438+0.8% over the previous year; After deducting the price increase, the real income increased by 8.4%. However, the life of a few low-income farmers is still difficult.
According to the sample survey of urban households, 1985, the per capita living expenses income of urban residents is 690 yuan. Among them, the per capita income of urban residents was 752 yuan, an increase of 23.8% over the previous year; After deducting the rising cost of living for employees, the actual income increased by 10.6%.
1985, 3.6 million unemployed people were resettled in cities and towns nationwide. At the end of the year, there were122.96 million employees nationwide, an increase of 4.06 million over the end of the previous year; There were 4.52 million urban self-employed workers, an increase of1130,000 over the end of last year. 1985, the total wages of employees nationwide was 137 billion yuan, an increase of 29.9% over the previous year; Average monetary wage of employees 1 142 yuan, an increase of17.2% over the previous year; After deducting the rising cost of living for employees, the real salary increased by 4.7%. However, due to the large increase in market prices, the actual income of a few employees declined slightly.
Savings of urban and rural residents have increased substantially. At the end of 1985, the balance of residents' savings deposits reached 654.38+062.34 billion yuan, an increase of 33.6% over the end of last year.
The living conditions of urban and rural people have been further improved. 1985, about1.300 million square meters of new houses were built in cities and towns, and about 700 million square meters in rural areas.
Social support continued to develop. 1985, there were 28,000 social welfare institutions in China, which adopted 380,000 people. 2.25 million orphans, the elderly, the disabled and the young are scattered in the society supported by urban and rural collectives. Special care recipients and poor households scattered in urban and rural areas have been supported, and some have changed the face of poverty.
X. population
According to the sampling survey of 4 13 counties (cities) in all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, the birth rate in 1985 was 17.8 ‰, the mortality rate was 6.57 ‰, and the natural growth rate was 1 1.23‰. Sampling survey data show that the total population at the end of the year was104.639 million, an increase of116400 over the end of last year.
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Note: The figures in this bulletin are preliminary statistics of the year, excluding those of Taiwan Province Province. The gross output value, national income and gross domestic product listed in the communique are calculated at current prices; Compared with the previous year, the growth rate is calculated at comparable prices.
① The total social output value is the sum of the total output values of agriculture, industry, construction, transportation, post and telecommunications, and commerce (including material supply and marketing and catering). National income is the sum of the net output value of the above five material production departments.
(2) GDP refers to the value of products and services provided by material production departments and non-material production departments for the final use of society, excluding the value of products and services consumed in the middle.
(3) The total rural social output value includes the total agricultural output value, as well as the total industrial, construction, transportation and commercial output value of rural collectives and individuals.
(4) The total wages of employees include the price subsidies paid to employees.
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