The legend of the iron hoofed horse

Iron hoofed horse, Inner Mongolia ranked third in horse selection. According to legend, it was once the best horse in the Yuan Dynasty. At that time, Mongolian soldiers spread all over the world and made outstanding achievements.

In "Hexigten Banner", there is a legend about the iron-toed horse: "A thousand miles of wind and Wan Li Xia can't catch up with the iron-toed horse of white tea!" And when it takes part in the competition, "the horse stands upright, stretches its neck, throws its hoof and flies forward." At first glance it looks like lightning, and then it looks like a whirlwind. The stones kicked up by the hind feet were as big as bowls, flying in the air, and everyone watching them was shocked. Shout together:' what an iron hoof!' "

Horseshoe first appeared in Baichagou, Inner Mongolia. In a special introduction to horseshoe horses, there is such a record: "There is a white chagou in Keshiketeng Banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, which is more than 300 miles long, surrounded by rolling mountains, littered with rocks and rugged roads. However, Baichagou is rich in aquatic plants and has a pleasant climate. It is this unique environment that has created Baichagou.

Inner Mongolia horseshoe faces extinction crisis. It is said to be Genghis Khan's war horse.

20110109:19 China youth daily.

Yin Bao Dalai Lama (right), Alateng and their iron hoofed horses. Photo by Samira

Tie ti ma Shu ni she

Tie ti ma Shu ni she

The home of the Dalai Lama in Yin Bao is located among three yurts. Photo by Samira

The last iron hoofed horse

Our reporter Samira.

Planning: Green Mirror-Inner Mongolia herdsmen borrow usury to protect iron hoofed horses.

Baoyindalai thinks that Genghis Khan's blood flows in his body. He also believes that the horseshoe he tried to protect is the descendant of the war horse that helped Genghis Khan's army sweep Eurasia in the 3rd century.

This 49-year-old Mongolian herder, with a deep red round face and stocky figure, always has a shy expression and a simple smile on his face. Only when he rode on his dark horse, waved his whip and roared and ran in the dust, would he show the unique heroism of Mongolian men.

"Zha also have to leave this. If you don't stay now, it will be gone. This matter is urgent! " Baoyindalai patted his thigh and said, "If horseshoe horses are really unique, it is not far from the day when all Mongolian horses disappear from the grassland!"

Mongolian horse changed the world, but the world abandoned it.

The Mongolian yurts in Baoyindalai are located on the Gongger grassland under Baiyin Aobao Mountain in Keshiketeng Banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The type of pasture where his family lives is called "Hang Gai" in Mongolian, with rolling mountains, sparse trees, gentle rivers and dense grasslands. Cattle, sheep and horses have been the companions of herders for thousands of years.

On the end of 20 10, a group of people grazed quietly on the slope of Ma Zaishan. The recent heavy snow has not completely melted. The snow covering the yellow grass was trampled by horseshoes.

These horses were bought by Baoyindalai and his old buddy, Alateng, 62, at usury. As far as they know, there is only the last 100 horse left in this kind of horseshoe.

Horses with horseshoes are short and strong, but they have great endurance. It is also known as the four famous horses in Inner Mongolia with Wuzhumuqin White Horse, Abaga Black Horse and Ordos Wushen Horse. This kind of horse is the treasure that Baoyinda, as the father of the groom, has been thinking about all his life. "Its hoof is small and hard, and it is not easy to crack. When climbing the mountain, the lower beam does not jump vertically, and it is also flat on the rugged mountain road full of rocks. " Yin Bao Dalai introduced that in Inner Mongolia, horseshoe horses are the only fast horses that can be used without hanging their hands.

According to records, in 1950, Tiehoofed Horse ran to the finish line in 58 minutes at the Nadam meeting in Huali that year. There is a local folk proverb: "A thousand miles of wind and Wan Li Xia can't catch up with hundreds of horses."

"Keshiketeng Banner" recorded the scene of an iron-hoofed horse participating in the competition: "The stone on the hind hoof is as big as a bowl, flying in mid-air, and everyone watching it is shocked. Tong Hu: It's really like an iron hoof! "

The local people think that the horseshoe has noble blood. From a very young age, Baoyindalai learned from his parents that the horseshoe horse was originally a special horse for Genghis Khan's Guard. "/kloc-At the beginning of the third century, Genghis Khan led Mongolian fighters to sweep across Eurasia, and Ma Chaoqiang's endurance showed unparalleled advantages in this war." Baoyinda said, and her face was particularly rosy because of excitement.

There is a local legend about how Genghis Khan's war horse took root here. Tuohuan Timur, the last emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, was forced by Zhu Yuanzhang's army to retreat to the hometown of Baoyin Dalai-Keshiketeng. A small number of military horses fled among the people and hid in the mountainous area with steep terrain, which is now the white tea area of Keshiketeng Banner. Therefore, horseshoe horses can breed locally.

However, this famous horse is now on the verge of extinction, which makes Baoyindalai feel very sad. "The number of Mongolian horses has dropped sharply. If I watch the most precious horseshoe horse disappear from the grassland again, I am sorry for my ancestors! " Yin Bao's voice trembled a little.

The descendants of two generations of hostesses learned to ride horses at the age of six and never left their horses again. From the memory handed down from generation to generation, he learned about Wan's time on the grassland and the past when people and horses depended on each other. This fascinated Baoyinda.

The reality around him is that the horse seems to be quietly withdrawing from the shepherd's life. People are no longer inseparable from horses as before, and Ma Benteng can no longer be seen on the grassland. On the contrary, motorcycles and cars are increasing.

The data of Manglai, vice president of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, seems to support Baoyindalai's observation. 1975, the number of horses in Inner Mongolia was 2.39 million. In 2002, this figure dropped to 9 1.4 million, and in 20 10, it dropped sharply to less than 500,000. Among these nearly 500,000 horses, there are less than 65,438+10,000 real Mongolian horses.

"In the 13 century, Mongolian horses are like Boeing 747 today, and their speed and efficiency are far ahead of other means of transportation." As the son of herders, Manglai has been engaged in Mongolian horse research for more than 30 years. Secretary-General of Inner Mongolia Horse Industry Association.

"The Mongolian horse changed the world, but the world abandoned it." Manglai sighed.

I will always protect you, no matter who you are, you can't be taken away from me.

In Baoyindalai's heart, horses are the closest friends and brothers who can trust each other with their lives.

Baoyindalai, who grew up on horseback, knows well the way of communicating with horses: Mongolian horses are extremely docile to their owners and can distinguish them by taste and sound. When a stranger approaches, it will make a threatening sound; Once you hear the host's call, you will calm down immediately. Horses follow their owners, and horses domesticated by grumpy people are also grumpy; On the contrary, horses domesticated by gentle people are also very docile.

"When they eat grass, they suddenly stop and pricked up their ears, indicating that the danger is not far away. If they continue to yawn, it means it will be a fine day the next day. " Baoyinda smiled, as if talking about his beloved child, showing a satisfied look.

What Bao can't forget is that the horse even saved his life. He still remembers that it was a winter night in 1985, and the full moon was hanging in the sky.

That day, Baoyinda came to drive a horse for a long way. At night, he was sleepy and tired, and fell asleep in the snow nest. In his sleep, he vaguely felt his mount lightly kick him with his front hoof. Bao Yinda absently opened his eyes and looked at it. Everything seemed normal, so he fell asleep again. Hardly had he closed his eyes when the horse kicked him again. With the experience of raising horses since childhood, he felt that something unusual must have happened. He quickly got up to check and found a wolf crouching a few meters away!

"This horse saved my life and is my benefactor." Baoyinda's eyes are a little moist. "From then on, I stopped riding it and raised it to death."

In Baoyindalai's mind, the horse is not only his savior, but also the source of all the glory and confidence of his grandfather and father. In my grandfather's time, herders were the proudest occupation of men on the grassland, and only the noblest and bravest herders could do it. My grandfather was a herdsman. At most, he raised more than 1 1,000 horses for everyone in Gacha (village). At that time, horses galloped freely on the vast grassland of 400,000 to 500,000 mu.

/kloc-At the age of 0/6, Baoyindalai's father took the harness from his father and became a horse, and he never left the horse again. 1966, one day when Baoyindalai was 4 years old, a meadow of his family's brigade caught fire, and more than 300 horses in the team happened to be in the fire. At that time, the father who was a groom in the brigade was called to the scene urgently. Facing the raging fire, Balagil rode against the wind and jumped over the fire wall. The other horses galloped out after them. In the end, the horse only burned some mane and tail hair, and it was not lost. Balagil thus became the hero of all Gacha.

Out of gratitude for the horse's contribution, Balagil stopped letting the horse work and always treated his offspring well. After the death of 200 1 balagil, Baoyinda came to continue this task. He felt that looking at the offspring of his father's mount was like his father was still around. He often stroked the horse and muttered, "I will always protect you and your descendants." Whoever you are, you can't be taken away from me. "

It is a commitment to his family to leave the horses and let them gallop on the grassland, and it is also a great event worth fighting for.

In fact, it's not that he doesn't know that the Mongolian horse, which was originally unconstrained, has long lost the space to gallop freely. In the late 1980s, after the grassland was contracted for both grass and livestock, net fences were erected everywhere, and the vast grassland became a broken "chessboard". In a limited range, thousands of livestock feed on the designated grassland day after day, which leads to the rapid degradation of the grassland, forcing herders to give up their love reluctantly and driving a large number of horses to death.

Moreover, in Gacha, where the Dalai Lama is located in Yin Bao, the original vast grassland is being eroded by more and more farmland, artificial forests, protected areas, tourist areas and various mining sites. Now, there are not many places left for herders to graze.

On the Baiyin Aobao Mountain near his home, there is a living fossil of the plant kingdom-Picea mongolica forest. For herders at the foot of Aobao Mountain, this woodland has been their winter pasture since ancient times. However, now this woodland has been designated as a forest farm and a protected area, and horses will be punished if they enter.

Also from the 1980s, the local government banned herders from raising goats. By 2003 and 2004, like other grasslands in Inner Mongolia, the goats in Keshiketeng were basically extinct. Soon after, the government demanded that camels be banned again. In the past three years, "cutting horses" has become a new policy.

"The living space of horses is squeezed again and again." Baoyindalai recalled, "Dalisumu (township) sent several notices to herders to prohibit horses from grazing. Someone couldn't stand the pressure and got rid of the horse. "

Those who insist on keeping horses will face fines at Sumu Grassland Station. In three years, the Dalai Lama in Yin Bao was fined more than 10,000 yuan. It is said that there are more fines.

"As cars and motorcycles enter the grassland, the number of horses has been decreasing at an extremely fast rate. Now, coupled with the pressure of policy, perhaps soon, the horse will disappear from the grassland. " How to raise Mongolian horses, especially iron-toed horses, has become a topic that Baoyindalai and Alateng will talk about every time they meet. Since their parents, the two families have released their horses together.

"There are no goats and camels on the grassland. If there are no horses, I don't know if this grassland is still a grassland? " Baoyindalai sat in his yurt, took a sip of milk tea slowly and said, "Grassland and five animals, and herders have always been one. Without any one, grassland culture, grassland ecology and grassland spirit will have problems. "

Without horses, Mongolian men are like without legs, soul and dignity.

Although they have been worried for several years, Baoyindalai and Alateng have never acted. What really made them feel the seriousness and urgency of the matter was a notice issued by the local government in 2009. In this notice, the government of Hexigten Banner requires all sumu to adhere to the principle of keeping horses in captivity all the year round, and requires herders who do not have the conditions for keeping horses to release all horses before 201010/5.

In the concept of herders such as Baoyindalai, horses are free, even semi-wild animals, and cannot be locked up.

"Horses generally only eat fresh grass tips, and the grass they eat in different seasons is different. They often go home every ten days and a half. Which herder can keep them in captivity? " Alateng showed disdain. "The so-called captivity is to make the horse disappear from the grassland."

Alateng's domesticated horse racing has won many awards in Nadam, so it is called "Oyaqi" in the local area, that is, people who have special skills in horse training and horse racing. Baoyindalai also admitted that Alateng knew horses better than himself.

They knew it was time to take action. Brothers and sisters together, up to 20 1 1 year, all parts of Hexigten Banner will strictly implement the policy of restricting horse breeding, and the iron hoof will bear the brunt.

At present, there are only more than 100 pure horseshoe horses, which are concentrated in the white tea area of Keshiketeng Banner. White tea belongs to the agricultural area, and only one or two horses are raised in one family. In order to live a stable life, the local people may get rid of all the horses soon.

"If you don't act, I'm afraid you'll never see the iron hoof again!" Baoyindalai and Alaten are worried that the horseshoe, which is on the verge of extinction, will disappear from the grassland overnight.

They decided to get to Baicha as soon as possible, buy back dozens of horses, form a herd of horses, and keep the horseshoe horse population under protection.

The price of adult horseshoe horses is equivalent to that of ordinary horses, about 4000 yuan per horse. The annual grazing income of Baoyin Dalai is about 40,000 yuan. In addition to the daily expenses, it also provides for one child to go to high school and one child to go to college. There is nothing left. Alateng is 62 years old. He is the grandfather of three grandchildren, and his life is not comfortable.

However, in the eyes of these two herders, no matter what the conditions and abilities are, it is destiny takes a hand to protect the iron hoofed horse.

Baoyindalai still remembers a story told by his father: when Balagil 13 years old, he rode to a relative's house and met several people wearing Japanese military uniforms. They couldn't help talking about Bagya Road. They came and took his horse. Balagil ran home crying and told her mother what had happened to her. Mother quickly let people look around, and a few days later, she finally found the horse hundreds of kilometers away from home.

"It's just that it's dying." Talking about this story from his father's mouth, the burly Mongolian man suddenly sobbed. "The Japanese can't ride any further, and then throw them on the road."

Baoyinda explained that Mongolians believe in the strange connection between man and horse, and his father is still a teenager, so his grandmother will get the horse back for him anyway, otherwise the boy may "lift his head all his life".

Under the careful care of the whole family, the recovered horse finally came back to life and lived for more than ten years. It was not until the old man died that his head was cut off by his master and enshrined on a high hillside not far from home according to custom.

"Without horses, Mongolian men would have no legs, soul and dignity." Baoyindalai summed up the significance of horses to Mongolian men.

He and Alaten decided to throw caution to the wind-borrow usury to buy horses. They borrowed 60 thousand yuan, and the scheduled loan period is 3 months. If it is not due, there are two ways: first, the lender catches cattle and sheep to pay off debts; The second is to extend the loan term, but the interest is doubled, and the previous interest is calculated as the cost.

With the borrowed 60,000 yuan, in early August last year, Yin Bao Dalai and Alateng came to Baichagou, which is more than 0/00 kilometers away from home, and went door to door looking for iron shoes.

A few days later, two rented trucks trudged for a day and a night, and finally 16 was transported to Alateng's pasture. As soon as the fenders were opened, these thoroughbred horses from afar immediately bristled, hissed and ran towards the grassland like arrows.

/kloc-Two of the six horses are foals born this year. For Baoyinda, if she accepted her mother, she had to accept the foal, otherwise, without the care of the mare, the two little guys might have died long ago.

"Although it is unrealistic to continue a breed with 16 horses, it was the limit of our two abilities at that time." Baoyinda smiled foolishly, as if he were not worried about usury.

They thought it over, even if they sold their cattle and sheep, they would leave these iron-toed horses that had lived on the grassland for thousands of years.

If no one responds, Nadam will take this as an elegy to send off Mongolian horses.

Before that, in the face of the decreasing number of horses on the grassland, Baoyindalai and Alateng had long felt that something should be done. In the summer of 2009, they decided to find a way together with the herdsmen who raised horses.

They intend to set up a "horse culture association" in the local area. However, they have no idea how many people will respond.

"In the past, no herder could not live without horses, and horses were the only means of transportation on the grassland. But now, even herders are beginning to think that horses are useless, except to participate in Nadam horse racing. " For Baoyinda, in Gacha, where he lives, there are now less than one-third of herders who raise horses. Even he himself bought a motorcycle two years ago. If he is on a business trip on sunny days, he will choose to ride a motorcycle.

In August of that year, Baoyindalai and Alateng discussed that the Horse Culture Association would recruit members for their respective Gacha. "If you can attract a dozen or twenty people, you will succeed."

Unexpectedly, as soon as the news spread, more than 240 herdsmen signed up to join the association in just a few days. These people have raised more than 3,000 horses, covering almost every village in the whole Hexigten Banner.

The enthusiasm for registration made the old brother overjoyed. In order to celebrate the establishment of the Horse Culture Association and enhance the understanding among its members, they decided to organize a Nadam meeting.

The activity was scheduled to end in one day. However, the herdsmen's reaction once again surprised them. Early in the morning, herdsmen from far and near rode horses to catch sheep, and came to the event site in waves. Baoyindalai remembers that every herder has a smile on his face and is happier than the New Year.

Baoyindalai and Alateng quickly gathered familiar members, took out tents, tables, chairs and tableware from their respective homes, and transported them to the event site one after another.

Finally, the activity lasted for three days, and some people felt unhappy. It is estimated that more than 6,000 people participated in Baoyin Dalai, and only 300 horses participated in various races, making it the largest Nadam in Keshiketeng for decades.

"We built more than 65,438+000 tents and slaughtered dozens of sheep to entertain guests." Speaking of the grand occasion at that time, the voice of the Dalai Lama in Yin Bao was still a little excited.

Most of the items and expenses needed for this activity are provided by members voluntarily. Someone picked a good horse from home as the first prize in horse racing. In order to entertain guests, some people kill some of their own sheep on their own initiative. As organizers, Yin Bao Dalai Lama and Alateng each spent 1 10,000 yuan.

This money is mainly used as souvenirs for members. It is a screen-shaped wooden commemorative card with two white horses, green grassland and blue sky engraved on it. On the back of the design, it is written in Mongolian and Chinese respectively: "Two small yellow-fat army horses born out of Genghis Khan's 100,000 horses are favored by the Lord and become the spiritual symbol of all Mongolian people."

Baoyindalai recalled that when he decided to hold this Nadam, he was deeply saddened. "At that time, the idea was that if no one responded, then Damu would be the elegy of sending Mongolian horses this time." Looking at the iron hoof grazing on the slope of Ma Zaishan, Bao's voice choked.

However, in those three days, the herdsmen's reluctance to horses far exceeded his imagination. The most common sentence he heard was: "We can't live without Mongolian horses!"

"What makes Mongolian horses make herders so haunted? Do the wheels of the times really want to take Mongolian horses away from people on horseback and let them disappear into their own hands as life? " A Beijing girl who was traveling in Khrushchev and happened to attend the Nadam Conference recorded her confusion and thoughts in her diary.

Grassland without horses is grassland without souls.

Baoyindalai and Alateng gradually realized that what they had to fight was not only the fate of an animal going into decline, but also the loss of the traditional way of life on the grassland. And they want to protect not only a species, but the soul of grassland culture.

Baoyindalai's home is located in the middle of three yurts lined up near the spruce forest in sandy land. The yurt on the left belongs to his uncle, Professor He Xige Taoketao of the Central University for Nationalities. This world-renowned Mongolian scholar left the grassland after being admitted to the Central University for Nationalities in 196 1 and lived in Beijing for 50 years. But he still has the habit of going back to the grassland for a period of time every summer. He also has a beloved purple horse, which is kept among the horses in Baoyindalai.

Yin Bao Dalai's younger brother, Yin Bao Bater, lives in the yurt on his right. As a brick house has just been built nearby, Yin Bao Bater will move out of the yurt.

Nowadays, Mongolian yurts, which were once everywhere on the grassland, have become very few. According to Baoyindalai's estimation, there are only more than 20 yurts left in Keqi this winter, and most herders have moved into resettlement houses one after another.

The stubborn Dalai Lama in Yin Bao chose to stick to it. "Mongols put ponies and milk buckets on the west side of the yurt; The saddle faces north; The harness is placed on the west side of the yurt, and the middle section must face the yurt. " These rules handed down from generation to generation made him feel that living in a yurt was his only choice.

For the 62-year-old uncle Wu of Baoyindalai, protecting Mongolian horses is also his only choice. Party member, the old CPPCC, is a famous model worker and a rich expert in Hexigten Banner. In 2002, because of the policy of banning goat grazing in Qili, the old man set an example for other herders and sold all his more than 2,000 goats at once.

"Although the economic losses were great at that time, I was willing to protect the grassland." The old herder with dark gray eyes said, "But goats and horses are completely different in the minds of herders. If you don't even raise horses, are you still called Mongols? "

In his view, horses are associated with the prosperity and development of Mongolians. In Mongolian culture, the horse is the mascot of five animals and the object of worship, just like a god. If the horse disappears, there will be no Mongolian culture.

In Wu Liji's view, liking horses is the nature flowing in Mongolian blood. "Just like the Han people, even if there is no land, we should plant a few shallots in the cracks of the bricks." He now keeps dozens of horses and hardly sells them. When the number of horses is too large to maintain, he only needs to sell a few.

"Grassland culture has made horse culture, and Mongolian horse culture has supported the vitality of grassland culture." Wu Li said slowly. In his understanding, the horse is a civilized messenger in the memory of grassland people and an elf in grassland culture. Mongolians love horses like life, because Mongolians grew up on horseback, and Mongolian people should honor and disgrace horses.

"The character and behavior of Mongolian horses affect the Mongolians' views on people and the world. In other words, Mongolian horses have influenced Mongolian culture. " Yin Bao nodded thoughtfully and chimed in.

For example, he said that when there are many Mongols, it is not how many horses there are, but how many "girls" (stallions) there are. Herdsmen believe that girls are trustworthy. As long as there are many girls, there will be no shortage of horses in the herd.

His father told him a story: a herdsman found that his girl was sweating after coming back for several days, so he followed the horses to find out. It turned out that the girl was fighting the tiger on the mountain. Tiger Claw always photographs the girl's mane and wraps it. The girl was a little crooked when the tiger beat her. When Tiger Claw brought it back, the girl was also pulled back. The herdsmen thought the horse's mane was in the way and knocked it off at night. The next day, the girl went to fight with the tiger. I didn't expect the tiger to shoot her in the ravine as soon as it was shot. It turned out that the horse's mane protected the girl from the tiger.

As far as Baoyinda is concerned, herders beat horses' manes every spring, but never girls. However, not every herder knows this story. Some herders think that the reason for not beating the horse's mane is to suppress the horse's mane, which will destroy its prestige and be unfavorable to the girl.

"Capable people also have personalities. A man should stand tall, protect his wife and children, and never undermine the prestige of a hero. The rules of these horses are subtly influenced by Mongolian values. " He said.

blowing in the wind

By chance, Baoyindalai and Alateng borrowed usury to protect horseshoes, which was known by two environmental organizations in Beijing. Their stories touched some people who care about the grassland. With the help of volunteers, the Dalai Lama in Yin Bao received a donation of 16000 yuan, a loan of 44000 yuan and a loan of 60000 yuan.

But the bag doesn't feel relaxed at all. He knows that horses need to breed in groups and have the nature to prevent inbreeding. It takes at least 30 horses to form a healthy herd. At that time, they only had 16 iron-toed horses, which was far from enough from the point of view of population reproduction.

After discussion, the two brothers gritted their teeth and borrowed 30 thousand yuan from usury. This time, their goal is clear: add some mares and find a satisfactory pony.

At the end of September last year, the heaviest autumn weeding work in Gong Geer grassland came to an end. Alateng made an appointment with the Dalai Lama in Yin Bao and went out to buy horses again. The two rented a big truck and wandered around the unified area of Zhirui and Wulanbu in the south of Hexigten Banner for a whole day, bringing back seven iron-toed horses.

Brothers and sisters think together that these 23 horses can breed several ponies every year, and when the number is large, they can slowly split into several horses, which may meet the needs of healthy breeding.

165438+1At the beginning of October, more than 200 herdsmen of the Horse Culture Association jointly wrote to the government of Keshiketeng Banner, demanding that "the lives of all horses slaughtered be recovered". Professor Manglai forwarded this letter to the relevant leaders of the autonomous region.

I don't know whether it is the letter or the continuous heavy snow in Gong Geer grassland that caused the road jam. Time's up, and the horse-charmer hasn't come yet.

65438+In mid-February, Dalai, Yin Bao received good news from Manglai: Inner Mongolia Horse Industry Association has asked the leaders of the autonomous region to issue a government document to protect horseshoes.

Although I didn't see the government documents mentioned by Professor Manglai, special "guests" such as Yin Bao Dalai Lama came in June 5438+1October 65438+May this year. On behalf of Hexigten Banner and Darisumu government, they came to ask "Is it difficult to raise horses?". The Dalai Lama in Yin Bao speculated that the document mentioned by Manglai might have become a reality.

Now, Baoyin Dalai is shrouded in complex emotions every day: if the government really issues documents, the iron hoof may be temporarily protected. However, apart from keeping a small number of living specimens of famous horses, where will the once brilliant Mongolian horse be tomorrow?

He often recalls the scene at the end of Greater Nadam: after the race, the horses and riders gradually dispersed and the grassland returned to its original tranquility. In the distance, it seems that Mongolian horses' rapid hooves and majestic neighing are echoed, and they are swept away by the wind.