194 1 a major event in world war ii.

The Battle of South Henan is a battle of China's Fifth Theater against Japanese troops in South Henan. 194 1 year 1 month, 1 1 Army In order to get through the southern section of Pinghan Railway and relieve the threat of China army to Japanese troops in Xinyang, it assembled seven infantry divisions, 1 cavalry brigade and three chariots, and joined Ichiro in the commander's Yuan Department.

The commander of the fifth theater decided to take the strategy of avoiding reality and attacking the virtual, leaving a few troops to fight head-on, and the main force turned to the two wings. After the Japanese attack troops were dispersed, they were surrounded from both sides and the rear. The battle of southern Henan is a battle in the defensive operations around Wuhan.

194 1 year1~ In February, the China army fought against the Japanese invaders in the area north of Xinyang, Henan. The Japanese army dispatched the 3rd, 17, 40th divisions and a special force to pursue China Juntang in the south of Henan, and concentrated in the area north of Xinyang. 1 1 Army commander Xuanwu and Ichiro attacked southern Henan.

Li Zongren, commander of China's Fifth Theater, commanded three group armies and eight armies organized defense. On 30th, the Japanese Central Corps split into two groups in an attempt to attack China's army together with the two-wing corps. On March 3 1 day, the Japanese army captured Wuyang and Shangcai, forming an encirclement, but China's army had already advanced, which led to the Japanese army catching the air.

At this time, the Japanese army was attacked by the China army, Zhengyang was recovered by the 84th Army in western Anhui, and the rear traffic was threatened, so it began to retreat on February 1 day. After the Japanese 3rd Division withdrew from Wuyang, it captured Nanyang on the 4th, abandoned the city on the 6th and retreated in the direction of Tanghe and Biyang.

After China 13 army recovered Wuyang, it pursued the Japanese army in the direction of Nanyang. At the same time, the Japanese17th Division,15th Division and 4th Division, which retreated from Wuyang to the south, suffered heavy casualties and retreated to the south near Xianghe Pass. By the 7th, all Japanese troops had withdrawn to Xinyang. In this battle, * * * killed more than 9000 Japanese soldiers.

2. Airborne combat in Crete

Airborne warfare in Crete (German: Luftlandeschlacht um Kreta, Greek: μ? χη τη? Κρ? τη? ) was part of the Greek campaign in World War II and broke out in Crete, Greece.

The battle began at 194 1. On the morning of May 20th, Germany launched a military operation codenamed "Operation Mercury" (German: Unternehmen Merkur) and invaded Crete from the air. The island was defended by the Greek Resistance Army and allied forces.

After the first day of fighting, the allied forces led by the British army suffered extremely high casualties, but they could not effectively stop the German attack. The next day, due to the communication problems of the allied forces, the allied commanders could not grasp the situation in time, which led to the fact that the Malaimai airport in the west of the island fell into the hands of the Germans, enabling the Germans to airlift a large number of reinforcements, overwhelming the allied forces in number, and finally completely controlling Crete.

The Battle of Crete was unprecedented in three aspects: it was the first large-scale airborne operation in history; This is the first time that the Allies used the deciphered German Enigma cipher machine to obtain information. This was the first battle in which the Germans met with large-scale resistance from local civilians.

Affected by the heavy casualties of airborne troops in this military operation, Hitler prohibited the Germans from carrying out any large-scale airborne operations in the future, but the allies were impressed by the potential of airborne troops and began to actively form their own airborne troops.

The Germans plan to seize three airports on the island by airborne assault, and transport heavy weapons and landing troops from the sea to the shore. Although German airborne troops paid a heavy price, Hitler even admitted that "Crete has become the tomb of German paratroopers", but the Germans finally achieved the purpose of the campaign and controlled the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean waterway.

3. Chongqing Tunnel Tragedy

In the midsummer of 194 1, the night attack of the Japanese plane began again after a long pause. At 6 pm on June 5, the air raid alarm suddenly sounded, and more than 20 Japanese planes attacked Chongqing in batches at night. The air raid lasted for more than three hours. Citizens always hide from the police during the day and return from the suburbs at night.

So after hearing the alarm, most people who could not evacuate rushed into the tunnel from three holes. Suddenly, the tunnel, which can only accommodate 5,000 people, flooded into nearly 10,000 people that day. In addition, the weather is hot and the air in the tunnel is extremely poor. At 7 o'clock in the evening, the emergency alarm sounded, and the protection group closed the door outside and was not allowed to enter or leave.

1941At about 9: 00 pm on June 5, the Japanese army bombed Chongqing many times. Due to inadequate preparation, residents in downtown areas did not evacuate in time after receiving the alarm, and poured into public air defense tunnels. The number of people taking refuge in the tunnels doubled than usual, reaching more than 10,000 people, almost saturated.

The military police and protective personnel in charge of the tunnel entrance regard the refugees as prisoners, lock the gate and prohibit the citizens in the tunnel from entering and leaving the tunnel during the air raid.

In the tunnel, due to lack of oxygen, the temperature is getting higher and higher, and people who take refuge feel fever and have difficulty breathing. Some oil lamps went out gradually, and babies and children were crying. The cave is getting dark, and death threatens everyone in the cave. At this time, people are desperately crowded at the door of the cave.

Because the gate of the tunnel is closed from the inside out, people rush in, so that the gate can't be opened, and the people in front are squeezed against the gate, giving out angry cries and groans of pain. People in the tunnel are crowded and trample on each other. Some were trampled to death, some were trampled to death, and more died because of air hypoxia and suffocation.

Under the conditions of high temperature and severe hypoxia of 10 hour, except for nearly 100 people near Sankong, nearly 10,000 asylum seekers suffocated and died. Most of the dead were suffocated and squeezed, their clothes were torn, and their skin became black and blue beyond recognition.

After the tragedy, people split the wooden door and saw the bodies in the hole overlapping and squeezing the hole. You grabbed me and pulled me, and some of them hugged each other tightly, and their clothes and trousers were torn and their eyes were swollen. It's really scary.

4. The Soviet-German War broke out.

194 1 On June 22nd, Nazi Germany tore up the Soviet-German Non-Aggression Treaty (Molotov-ribbentrop Treaty) and collaborated with the servant countries Hungary, Romania and Finland to draw up a plan code-named "Barbarossa".

Assembled 190 divisions with 5.5 million people, 4,900 planes, 3,700 tanks, 47,000 cannons and warships 190 ships, divided into three army groups, and launched a sudden attack on the Soviet Union in the form of blitzkrieg from north, middle and south directions, and the Soviet-German war broke out in an all-round way.

5, sneak attack on Pearl Harbor

The attack on Pearl Harbor (English: attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese: attack on Zhu Zhen Bay) refers to the military incident planned by the Japanese government to attack Pearl Harbor, the base of the US Pacific naval fleet, which became the fuse of the Pacific War in World War II.

194165438+On the morning of February 7, the Japanese navy's aircraft carrier and mini submarine suddenly attacked the US Navy's Pacific Fleet in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and the US Army and Navy's airport in Oahu. The Pacific War broke out. The attack eventually involved the United States in World War II, which is also known as Pearl Harbor.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Battle of South Henan

Baidu Encyclopedia-Crete Airborne Battle

Baidu Encyclopedia-Chongqing Tunnel Massacre

Baidu Encyclopedia-Soviet-German War

Baidu Encyclopedia-Attack on Pearl Harbor