Poetry is related to tourism geography, and explain its relevance.

Encyclopedia of geographical interpretation of ancient poetry

1, "In August and autumn, the wind roared and rolled up the three grasses in my house." (Du Fu's Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage)

This poem shows a weather change caused by air masses and fronts. It shows that the fast moving cold front is fierce and powerful, which makes people shudder. There was a strong wind before crossing the border.

2. "In a moment, the wind is calm, the clouds are dark, the autumn is dark." (Du Fu's Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage)

This poem shows the thickening of the cold wind and clouds, which makes people feel that "the ink clouds are pressing the city to destroy".

3. "There is no dry place in the bedside house, and the foot of the rain is not broken." (Du Fu's Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage)

This poem is about heavy rain, and there is a transit ahead.

4. "Dark clouds cover the mountains, while white rain jumps over the boat. The wind comes and blows away, and the water under the lake is like heaven. " (June 27, Su Shi's "Drunk Book of Wanghu Building")

This poem shows the local shower weather: the summer is clear, suddenly the dark clouds roll and the rain pours, then the wind blows and the rain blows, and it clears up.

5. "It rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond." (Zhao Shixiu's The Guest)

6. "There are many rains during the Qingming Festival, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls." (Du Mu's Qingming)

These two poems show the rainy weather in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River: plum blossoms in the south of the Yangtze River in June, the summer monsoon advances northward, and the rain belt moves to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, resulting in rainy weather, and sometimes the sun is not seen in most months.

7. "Shi Mei likes rain, which is worth late spring." (Liu Zongyuan's Plum Rain)

This poem points out the date of Meiyu in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, starting from the beginning of June.

8. "Huang Meiyu has broken three o'clock and Wan Li has just arrived." (Su Shi's Ship Wind)

This poem points out the date of plum blossom in rainy weather in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. "Three o'clock" refers to the second half of the summer solstice, and "boat wind" refers to the southeast monsoon, that is to say, when the southeast monsoon prevailed in the first half of July, the Meiyu period ended.

9. "The north wind rolls a hundred herbs, and eight In the snow crosses the Tatar sky." (Cen Can's Song of Snow White sends Tian Shuji Wu home)

This poem describes the climate in early winter in northern China.

10, foliage earthquake, fidgeting. Hundreds of rivers boil, and landslides crack. The high shore is a valley, and the deep valley is a mausoleum. Don't punish those who mourn today? (The Book of Songs? Xiaoya? At the turn of October ")

This poem records the earthquake in China for the first time.

1 1, "Sit on the floor, travel 80,000 miles a day and look at the Qianhe River." (Mao Zedong's "God of Sorrow")

This poem involves the phenomenon of the earth's rotation, the linear speed of equatorial rotation, and the circumference of the earth's equator is about 40 thousand km.

12, "Falling red is not heartless, but turning into spring mud protects flowers more." (Gong Zizhen's Poems in the Sea)

This poem deals with the material cycle of the ecosystem.

13, "Every shadow in Japan and China is positive, and every shadow in the evening is oblique." (Fu Yun's Song)

This poem vividly depicts the diurnal variation of the height of the sun.

14, "sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently." (Du Fu's "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night")

This poem is about the characteristics of spring rain brought by warm wind.

15, "didn't you see a short journey, the snowy seaside, and the sand, flying from the desert to heaven in yellow?" The night of the ninth month was cold in the wheel tower and valley, full of broken boulder pecking measures, downward, upside down, with the wind. " (Cen Can's Song of Farewell to General Feng in the Western Expedition)

This poem vividly depicts the scene of flying sand and stones in the Great Gobi.

16, "The tide rises with the month, and the river should be born in spring." (Liu Yuxi's "Liyang Seventy Rhymes")

This poem vividly and briefly describes the laws of tides and river fluctuations in the south.

17, "Why should a strong brother blame Liu? Spring breeze is not enough. " (Wang Zhihuan's Liangzhou Ci)

This poem deals with the division between monsoon region and non-monsoon region. "Spring breeze" refers to the southeast monsoon from the Pacific Ocean.

18, "people have joys and sorrows, and the moon is full of rain or shine. It was difficult to accomplish in ancient times. I hope that people will last for a long time and have a good scenery. " (Su Dongpo's Water Tune? When did the moon begin to appear? )

The word "full moon and sunny" refers to the changing law of the moon phase.

19, "When will there be a bright moon? Ask heaven for wine. I wonder what year tonight is? " (Su Shi, "When will there be a bright moon? )

This word is related to the relationship between the moon and the earth.

20. "Happiness on earth is always like this, and thousands of waters flow from Qian Shan to the east" (Li Bai's Dream of Climbing Mount Tianmu) "How many worries are like a river flowing from spring to the east" (Li Yu's Yu Meiren) "A river flowing from spring, the waves are exhausted, and it is a romantic figure through the ages" (Su Shi's Nian Nujiao? Chibi Nostalgia ")

These poems all illustrate the topographic trend of China, which is high in the west and low in the east. It is precisely because the topography of our country is generally high in the west and low in the east that most rivers flow from west to east.

2 1, "The sky is wild, and the wind and grass are moving to see cattle and sheep." (Northern Korean folk song "Song of Chile")

This poem describes the past ecological landscape of Hetao Plain in China.

22. "Egrets fly in front of Mount Cisse, peach blossoms flow, and mandarin fish are fat." (Zhang "Yu Gezi")

This poem shows the characteristics of peach blossom news.

23. "Like the strong wind in spring, it blows at night and blows away the petals of ten thousand pear trees." (Cen Can's Song of Snow White sends Tian Shuji home)

This poem depicts the characteristics of the weather.

24. "Cherry leaves fall in spring, and butterflies turn over and fly." (Li Zhi's "Linjiang Xian")

This poem depicts the unique scene of "cherry falling" and "butterfly turning to powder" in late spring and early summer.

25. "In August, the waves roared and the head was several feet high, touching the mountain. After a while, I arrived at Haimen, and the rolled sand was like a snowdrift. " (Liu Yuxi's "Langtaosha")

This poem shows the spectacular scene of the tidal bore in Qiantang River: a Bai Lianhua is rolling in from the junction of the sea and the sky, advancing rapidly, rising and falling, and the waves are as high as the sky, setting off a towering water wall with great momentum.

26, "Bai Di said a cloud, a thousand miles in Jiangling one day. The apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man. " (Li Bai's "Early Sending Baidicheng")

This poem deals with the natural wonders of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, such as rapids, rapids, mountains and rivers, heavy water and so on. The first two sentences of the poem say: I left Baidicheng by boat in the morning and returned to Jiangling thousands of miles away. The last two sentences say: the boat is sailing on the river and the ape is singing on the shore. I only feel that the apes are still singing everywhere, and my boat has already passed through Chung Shan Man quickly.

27, "Jun asked the return date is uncertain, and the evening rain rose autumn pool. When * * * cut the candle at the west window and talk about the late rain. " (Li Shangyin's Notes to Friends in the North on a Rainy Night)

This poem is related to the reason of late rain. Bashan is located in Si.

The boundary between Sichuan and Shaanxi is the edge of Sichuan Basin. Generally speaking, the basin is surrounded by slopes, with poor airflow and weak convection exchange. During the day, under the strong sunlight, the ground temperature rises sharply, affecting the lower atmosphere.

Temperature; At night, the ground dissipates heat quickly, and the bottom of the valley and basin is particularly cold due to the sinking of cold air. With the decrease of temperature, the saturated water vapor pressure decreases, and after the warm and light air rises to a certain height, the water vapor condenses.

It rains, so "late rain" happens from time to time.

28. "I live at the source of the river and you live at the end of the river. I can't see you every day, drink a river. " (Li Chi Ngai's "Bu Operator")

This poem shows that Indochina Peninsula is connected with the mountains and rivers of China.

Potential. The head of the river refers to the upstream, and the tail of the river refers to the downstream. The Yangtze River originates from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and flows through 1 1 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, including Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and Shanghai.

Enter the East China Sea of China. It has a total length of 6,300 kilometers, with the upstream above Yichang, Hubei, the middle between Yichang and Hukou, Jiangxi, and the downstream below Hukou. The poet used * * * to drink the Yangtze River water to comfort his lovesickness.

29. "In April, there is beauty everywhere in the world, and peach blossoms bloom in mountain temples. I hate that spring is nowhere to be found and I don't know where to go. " (Bai Juyi's Peach Blossom in Dalin Temple)

This poem vividly reflects the law that the water and heat conditions in the vertical area of mountainous areas change with the elevation, that is, the temperature drops by about 6 degrees Celsius every time the terrain rises 1 km. Therefore, there will be a summer before climbing in the poem, which belongs to the time when the peach blossoms are all gone. After boarding the ancient Kozanji Temple, I met the spring scenery when the peach blossoms were in full bloom.

30. "Looking at the ridge side turning into a mountain peak, the distance is different. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but toward which corner of the mountain. " (Su Shi's topic Xilin wall)

This poem reflects the topographical features of Lushan Mountain. Lushan Mountain is a mountainous area with rising fault blocks, with many faults, steep walls and narrow valleys, and numerous waterfalls. The formation of Lushan landform is related to rock strata and geological structure, and there are often pine trees in the sand bank.

Soft shale and phyllite, at the same time, the rock stratum is flat and vertical joints are developed. After weathering and erosion, soft rock strata form caves. Fairy cave belongs to this type, and the cave is located on the cliff. Lushan Mountain in summer is cool and healthy.

There is plenty of water. At the turn of spring and summer, the mountains are often filled with clouds, and the mountains can't see the whole picture of Lushan Mountain. In summer, the sun radiates strongly. There are Yangtze River, Jiujiang and Poyang Lake in the north and south of Lushan Mountain, and the water vapor evaporates vigorously.

Air molecules are light, and warm and humid air rises. When the water vapor content in the air is supersaturated and condensation nuclei exist, more water vapor will form clouds.

3 1, "The morning glow never dies, and the evening glow travels thousands of miles." (Fan Dacheng's "Morning dew all over the sky, less rain")

This poem shows the weather characteristics of rainy days and sunny nights. Sunlight is red at sunrise and sunset. When it hits the clouds, Xia Hong (red clouds) is formed. "Morning glow" means that the sun is in the eastern zenith or the west in the morning, that is, the eastern zenith or the west has it.

Low clouds appear. Moreover, this low cloud slowly moves to the local area, which indicates that there will be heavy rain. So you can't travel far at this time, even if you go out, you should take an umbrella. On the contrary, there is red light in the west zenith or east at night, which is lower.

The heavy Xia Hong moved eastward, farther and farther away from the local area. Even if it rains, it can't reach the local area, so it's sunny.

32. "How did the water of the Yellow River flow out of heaven and into the ocean, and never return?" (Li Bai's Into the Wine)

This poem relates to the topographical features of China, which is high in the west and low in the east. "day

"Shanghai" refers to Bayan Kara, and "sea" refers to Bohai Sea. This poem was originally about the Yellow River rushing from the distant horizon in the west and rolling eastward into the sea. Now it is often used to describe the phenomenon of "hanging river" in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. "Hanging River" is

Refers to the river whose riverbed is higher than the ground on both banks, also known as the "above-ground river". The cause of the suspended river is that from the river with high sediment concentration to the river with open valley and gentle flow, a large amount of sediment is accumulated, the riverbed is constantly raised, and the water level is correspondingly raised. This is

In order to prevent flooding, dams on both sides of the strait have been continuously raised. Over time, the riverbed is higher than the ground on both sides of the river and becomes a "suspended river". The lower reaches of the Yellow River deposit about 400 million tons of sediment every year, and the riverbed rises year by year, making the lower reaches of the Yellow River world-famous.

Hanging the river At present, the riverbed in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is generally 3-5 meters higher than the ground outside the dike. In Cao Gang, fengqiu county, Henan Province, it is as high as 10 meter, which really becomes "how the water of the Yellow River moves to the sky"

33.

"Please come to the ends of the earth, where the seasons are always spring" ("Please go to the ends of the earth") "The smoke comes from the south and the temples are slightly cold." (Liu Gongquan's "Should Make Couplets")

The above two sentences directly illustrate the regulating effect of the ocean on climate. Because of the large heat capacity of seawater, the temperature rises slowly and cools slowly, and the annual change of temperature is small, that is, "bloom is warm in spring". In summer, the wind blows from the ocean, that is, "the smoky wind comes from the south." Due to the low temperature over the ocean, the sea breeze is cool, that is, "the temples are slightly cool."

34. "Graceful cypress trees, long blue sky and slight south wind" (Japanese folk song "Spring Day in the Northland")

East Asian winter monsoon is stronger than summer monsoon; South Asian summer monsoon is stronger than winter monsoon, which is one of the differences between East Asian monsoon and South Asian monsoon. Spring is coming in Japan, and summer monsoon is coming, which is certain. The key is that the author accurately grasps the characteristics that summer monsoon is weaker than winter monsoon, and uses the word "omitted" to describe it.

35.

"You ask the return date is not fixed, autumn pond and it rains late. When * * * cut the candle at the west window and talk about the late rain. " (Li Shangyin's Notes to Friends in the North on a Rainy Night)

The frequency of night rain in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces is relatively high, especially in Sichuan basin, which is mainly because the air in the basin is humid and the sky is cloudy. During the day, because the clouds reflect solar radiation, it is not easy to heat up under the clouds and convection is not easy to develop. Clouds at night

The upper part of the layer cools down quickly, and the lower part of the cloud has strong reverse radiation, so the temperature is higher. The temperature difference between the upper and lower clouds is large, which makes the atmosphere convective and easy to form precipitation, so there is more night rain here.

36.

"It's rainy in Huaihai in summer" (Liu Yuxi's "Five Elements, Walking on the Yangtze River at night, Swimming in Nantang, Watching the Sand Tail")

This poem shows that the precipitation season in Huaihe River basin and even in East Asia is summer rain. From a global perspective, there are winter rain types and annual rain types. The main climate types belonging to summer rain type are tropical monsoon climate and subtropical season.

Wind climate, temperate monsoon climate, savanna climate and so on. The climate type of winter rain type is mainly Mediterranean climate. The main types of annual rain climate are: tropical rainforest climate and temperate maritime climate.

37.

"The north wind whistling! Snow in the wind! " (White-haired girl) "The north wind folds white grass, and eight In the snow crosses Tatar. Just like the spring wind, it blows at night and blows open the petals of 10 thousand pear trees. " (Cen Can: "Bai Xuege Farewell to Tian Shuji Wu's Home") "Thousands of miles of ice, snow in Wan Li" (Snow)

According to the North Wind Blowing, the northerly wind (northwest wind) mainly blows in winter in northern China. When the strong cold air goes south, it meets the warm air mass in front of the front, forming a cold front. In addition to causing strong winds and strong cooling, it will also produce rain and snow.

Weather, that is, "snow in the wind". The second poem tells us that due to its high latitude and altitude, the north is close to the source of the winter wind, which has an early influence and a large cooling range. It reflects the long and cold winter climate of Hutian.

Sign. August in the lunar calendar is around September in the solar calendar. At this time, the southern part of China is still a crisp autumn season, while the northern part of the Great Wall is snowing heavily, forming a northern scenery of "thousands of miles frozen, Wan Li snowing". It shows that the Asian high began to be established in September and affected the north of the Great Wall. The poet compared it to a spring breeze, which blew away thousands of pear flowers overnight.

38. "The clouds are dark and the rain is dark, and the stream is light and foggy" (Li Bai's "Dream of Climbing Mount Tianmu")

The former sentence shows that water vapor condensation makes clouds thicker, which is a necessary condition for precipitation, and the latter sentence shows the principle that water vapor evaporated on the water surface cools and condenses into clouds and fog in the air.

39.

"The fog is scattered in the mountains, and the snow is dense in the mountains" (Chen Yi's Crossing Taihang Mountain) "The south branch is warm and the north branch is cold, and there are two kinds of spring breeze" (Liu Yuan's Early Plum).

This group of poems reflects the relationship between slope direction and temperature. China is located in the northern hemisphere. The southern slope of the mountain is sunny, and the northern slope is opposite to the shady slope. The angle between the sunlight on the sunny slope and the slope is larger than that on the flat slope and the shady slope, so the solar radiation absorbed by the sunny slope.

The radiant energy is more than the shady slope, and the temperature is higher than the shady slope. Because the temperature of the sunny slope of the mountain is higher than that of the shady slope at the same height, the height of the same natural belt in the mountain should be that the sunny slope is higher than the shady slope. Generally speaking, the snow line is also a sunny slope ratio.

The shady slope is very high. It is worth noting that the height of the snow line is: except for a few mountainous areas such as Mount Everest, because the northern slope of Mount Everest is a rain shadow area, the snowfall is very small, and the glacier type is continental glacier, with strong stability and high snow line. The south slope of Mount Qomolangma faces the Indian Ocean, which is the windward slope of the southwest monsoon, with a large amount of snowfall. Glacier type is marine glacier, with strong slipperiness and low snow line.

40. "Peach blossoms in front of the mountain, snow behind the mountain"

This sentence can not only explain the influence of slope direction on temperature, but also explain that Qinling Mountain is an important geographical dividing line in China. The south of Qinling Mountains is subtropical and the north is warm temperate zone. Therefore, the natural landscapes on the north and south sides of the Qinling Mountains are completely different.

4 1.

"In April, the world is beautiful everywhere, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple." (Bai Juyi's "Peach Blossom in Dalin Temple", "One mountain has four seasons, and ten miles are different."

These two sentences vividly reflect the vertical change of mountain climate and vegetation and the vertical regional differentiation law of natural belt. Generally, the temperature drops by 0.6℃ per altitude 100 m. The altitude of Dalin Temple in Lushan Mountain is between1100 ~1200m, which is lower than the temperature on the earth (the flat land in Jiujiang City).

6℃ or so, so the time of peach blossom opening is twenty or thirty days late. There is a similar poem: "There are no flowers in the mountains, and February flowers only bloom in April." "Four seasons in one mountain, different days in ten miles" is a true portrayal of the vertical change of climate and vegetation in Hengduan Mountain area.

42. "Wear fur coat early, wool at noon and eat watermelon around the stove."

This sentence describes the characteristics of large temperature difference between day and night in temperate continental climate. Every summer, the sun is like fire here, and the temperature rises rapidly during the day, sometimes as high as forty or fifty degrees Celsius. The locals said, "Shawo cooks eggs and rocks make pancakes." But at night, the temperature plummeted, and the hard-working farmers even had to set up a stove to keep warm and taste the freshly picked watermelons around the stove. 37.

"Kong Ming borrows the east wind".

Chibi is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, with northerly winds in winter. However, due to the influence of cyclones, anticyclones and frontal activities, other wind directions will also appear in some areas. If there was a low pressure mass in the north or west of Chibi at that time and a high pressure mass in the southeast, the southeast wind would be formed under the joint action of horizontal pressure gradient force, geostrophic deflection force and friction force. Philosophically speaking, this is also in line with the universality and particularity of contradiction, as well as the existence of * * * and individuality. The northerly winds prevail in China all winter, which is * * *, but each region has its own particularity, and sometimes southeast winds appear under certain conditions. This shows that we should be good at analyzing the particularity of contradictions and looking for special ways to solve problems under the guidance of universality and proceeding from reality.

"A spring rain is warm, and an autumn rain is cold."

This sentence shows that fronts can bring precipitation, warm fronts and cold fronts.

The weather is different after crossing the border. The front is the interface between cold and warm air masses. Because there are obvious differences in temperature, humidity, air pressure and wind force on both sides of the front, there are often clouds, rain and strong winds near the front. Spring has come, and I am angry.

The temperature began to rise, and the activity of warm air flow in the south gradually strengthened. At this time, the front is mostly warm. When the warm front crosses the border, it will produce precipitation. After crossing the border, it was controlled by the warm air mass and the temperature rose. Therefore, "a spring rain and a warmth." In late autumn, from

The cold air activities in Mongolia and Siberia are gradually strengthened. When going south, it meets the warm air mass in front, forming a cold front. When the cold front crosses the border, it produces precipitation, which is controlled by the cold air mass after crossing the border, and the temperature drops, thus "settling in autumn"

The rain is very cold. "

44.

"There is no cold and heat in the four seasons, and it becomes autumn when it rains." "Colorful flowers don't thank, warm in winter and cool in summer." "The weather is often like February and March, and flowers are always in spring."

This is a true portrayal of the spring-like climate in Kunming. The coldest January in Kunming has an average temperature of 7.8℃, which is nearly 3℃ higher than that in Beijing in early spring and March. The hottest average temperature in July is 19.9℃, which is later than that in Beijing.

Spring is roughly the same as May. Kunming is in the south of our country, blocked by the topography such as Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and the northerly winds blowing from Mongolia and Siberia in winter are generally not affected, mainly affected by the warm current from the Bay of Bengal.

Because of the air mass, winter is still warm as spring. In summer, because Kunming is on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the altitude is higher than that in the plain area, and the temperature drops vertically, so it is not hot in summer. "

45. "Three big stoves".

Nanjing, Chongqing and Wuhan along the Yangtze River are particularly hot in summer, and are called the "three furnaces" in China. The average temperature in July in these three places is above 30℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is above 40℃. Why is the temperature in the "three stoves" particularly high in summer?

After mid-July every year, the frontal rain belt moves northward to North China and Northeast China, and the meiyu in the Yangtze River basin ends. At this time, the Yangtze River basin is completely controlled by the subtropical high, and the airflow sinks and warms, and droughts often occur. This is v.

Drought. During the summer drought, the sky turned sunny to cloudy, the wind was weak, the sun was strong, and the scorching sun scorched the earth. The maximum ground temperature during the day from July to August is 50℃~55℃. The ground sunburned by the sun, constantly

Heat is transferred to the atmosphere, so the temperature keeps rising. This is the main reason for the formation of "three furnaces". Secondly, the formation of these high temperature centers is closely related to the topography of basins or valleys. The "three furnaces" are all located in the Yangtze River.

In the valley, the altitude is very low. The topography of the valley is like the bottom of a pot, so it is difficult to dissipate heat from the ground. Sichuan and the two lakes are basin situations. When the summer monsoon blows from the southeast and passes through the southeast hills and Guizhou Plateau to reach the basin, it is caused by settlement and warming.

Dry and hot wind heats the stove, especially in Chongqing, where the temperature is the highest during the day and the hot days and days are the longest. Nanjing in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River is adjacent to Wuhan and Chongqing because of its open terrain and proximity to the ocean.

Compared with, the extreme heat degree is slightly lower and the time is slightly shorter. Third, the Yangtze River basin is full of rice fields and dense river networks. Wuhan, in particular, is located in Jianghan Plain, surrounded by many lakes. During the summer drought, due to strong evaporation, the vast water surface makes the atmosphere

With the increase of water vapor, the air humidity increases. Another reason for high air humidity is that it is controlled by a single warm air mass from the ocean. But at this time, downward flow prevails, the wind is weak, the water vapor in the air is not easy to dissipate, and the ground is facing the air.

Most of the radiated heat is absorbed by water vapor in the air, and then radiated to the ground in the form of atmospheric reverse radiation, making it difficult to reduce the ground temperature. In addition, the air humidity is high, so human sweat is not easy to evaporate, and the function of perspiration and heat dissipation is greatly reduced.

Hot and humid air makes people feel sultry and uncomfortable. In addition to temperature and humidity, wind speed is also an important factor affecting human body's temperature. In particularly sultry weather, when the breeze blows, people will feel that the summer heat has disappeared. can

But in the hot days of these three cities, the wind is also very weak, which increases people's sultry feeling.

46. "There are four seasons in a year, and warm clothes are available all year round."

This ballad vividly reflects the cold climate characteristics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

42. "Sunrise in the east and rain in the west, but sunny on the road." (Liu Yuxi's "Zhi Zhu Ci")

This poem mainly reveals the truth that there is more precipitation on windward slopes and less precipitation on leeward slopes in mountainous areas. The windward slope of the mountain rises and climbs the airflow, which is easy to cool and condense to form topographic precipitation during the rising process, while the leeward slope of the mountain is full of air.

The current sinks and the temperature rises continuously, which makes it difficult to condense precipitation and becomes a rain shadow area. In this way, there will be a sharp contrast between sunny and rainy days on both sides of the mountain. Although this phenomenon can also be seen in convective precipitation weather in plain areas, it is not as common as in mountainous areas. It should also be pointed out that in addition to topographic precipitation, there are thunderstorms and other weather in mountainous areas, which further increases the frequency of "rising east and setting west".

47. "The head is hot and the feet are cold, the sun warms the chest, and the wind is cold behind."

"Hot air on the head" and "sunshine warming the chest" indicate that Qinghai-Tibet is high.

Lhasa is a famous "Sunlight City" in China. The main reasons are: the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is high in altitude, the air is thin, the atmosphere is weakened, the solar radiation is less, and the solar radiation reaching the ground is more. Secondly, Lhasa has a low latitude.

(About 30. N), the height of the sun is high, and the solar radiation reaching the ground is concentrated; At the same time, the distance of solar radiation passing through the atmosphere is short, which leads to less solar radiation weakening the atmosphere. In addition, the weather in Lhasa is sunny.

Days, and it often rains at night, and the sun shines during the day. Although there is plenty of sunshine in Lhasa, the temperature is low, that is, "it is chilly under your feet" and "it is cold behind the wind". Because the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is high in altitude and the air is thin, the atmosphere protects the ground.

The temperature is weak.

48. "Shu dog barks at the sun."

This idiom can explain that there are more clouds and less sunshine in Sichuan basin.

49. "Huozhou.

Turpan Basin is the place with the highest temperature in summer in China, and it is called "Fire State". Turpan basin is particularly hot in summer: first, it is low-lying and closed, and it is not easy to dissipate heat. The second is to do it. It lives in the deep inland, far away from the sea, and the ground is Gobi desert. In summer, the sunshine time is long, and the solar radiation is almost completely absorbed by the ground.

50. "Wan Li Road is not as good as the banks of the Huaihe River." "Heavy rain is a disaster, light rain is a disaster, and there is no rain and drought."

The folk song "Walking a thousand strings is not as good as crossing the Huaihe River" explains the calendar.

Historically, the Huaihe River Basin has fertile land, pleasant climate and rich agricultural products. Later, because the Yellow River seized the Huaihe River, sediment blocked the Huaihe River's access to the sea, and the Huaihe River lost its own access to the sea, and the downstream drainage was not smooth, which often caused disasters.

The flood and drought disasters in the basin are very serious. "Heavy rain is a major disaster, light rain is a minor disaster, and there is no rain in the drought." After liberation, China comprehensively managed the Huaihe River. Build a reservoir in the upper mountain area to control the flood. The middle reaches are built with low-lying lakes.

Many flood storage projects. Dig a new channel leading to the river and the downstream sea to facilitate flood discharge. Now that the Huaihe River waterway has been completed and the Huaihe River water enters the sea through various channels, "heavy rain is a major disaster, light rain is a minor disaster, and there is no rain and drought" has become a reality.

History. The severe flood and drought disasters in Huaihe River basin are related to the strength of summer monsoon. In the year of weak summer monsoon, the frontal rain belt stayed in Jianghuai area for a long time, and waterlogging occurred in Jianghuai area. On the contrary, it is drought.