List the names and starting and ending stations of my country's main railway lines

A brief overview of the standard names of my country’s railway lines

The main characteristics of the railway transportation industry are large amounts of investment in early construction, large passenger and cargo transportation volumes, and strong continuity of transportation

, with fast operation speed, little impact from weather and low freight, it is the main force of my country's transportation industry. Among transportation modes such as aviation, highways,

waterways, and pipelines, the passenger and freight turnover of railway transportation ranks first, playing the same dominant role as the arteries of the human body.

effect. The name of a railway line is a place name composed of the abbreviations of the starting station and the ending station on the railway line.

It has a special shape compared with point-shaped and surface-shaped place names, and is a good example of railway transportation. The linear place name dedicated to the process is an indispensable and important member of the place name

family. The scientific, standard and feasible naming of this line is related to all aspects of social life and should attract the attention of relevant departments. For this reason, it is necessary for us to conduct careful analysis and research on it. Below, we will talk about some superficial understanding and educate readers.

1. Standard names of railway lines

Currently, there are 202 railway lines in my country, of which: 52 are important railway lines and 26 are trunk railway lines. The Beijing-9th Line is the longest, reaching 2,372 kilometers; the Beihuang Line is the shortest, only 4 kilometers. Most of the names of these railway lines are reasonable and scientific, and conform to the general rules of place naming. Here are some examples of railway line names that fully comply with the standards:

Beijing-Harbin Line (Beijing-Harbin)

Beijing-Shanghai Line (Beijing-Shanghai)

Beijing-Guangzhou Line (Beijing-Guangzhou)

Beijing-Baotou Line (Beijing-Baotou)

Shijiazhuang-Dezhou Line (Shijiazhuang-Dezhou)

Shi Taiyuan Line (Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan)

Beijing-Kowloon Line (Beijing-Kowloon)

Beijing-Qinhuangdao Line (Beijing-Qinhuangdao)

Shenyang-Dalian Line (Shenyang-Dalian)

Shanghai-Hangzhou Line (Shanghai-Hangzhou)

Taijiao Line (Taiyuan-Jiaozuo)

Jiaozhi Line (Jiaozuo) ——Zhicheng)

Zhiliu Line (Zhicheng—Liuzhou)

Xiangyu Line (Xiangfan—Chongqing)

Baotou Line ——Lanzhou)

Nanning-Kunming Line (Nanning-Kunming)

Baocheng Line (Baoji-Chengdu)

Chengdu-Chongqing Line (Chengdu—— Chongqing)

Chengdu-Kunming Line (Chengdu-Kunming)

Guiyang-Kunming Line (Guiyang-Kunming)

The advantages of the above railway line names are: Place names have a strong pointing function, allowing people to read the abbreviations of the administrative regions (mostly cities) while seeing the abbreviations of the starting and ending stations. It can be thought of

the full name of the administrative region, which strengthens and facilitates passengers' memory of the railway's origin and terminal stations and the entire line.

2. Problems with Railway Line Names

At present, some railway lines in my country do not use standard names, resulting in unclear words, vague concepts, and loss

Removes the place name's place name designation function. The main issues are:

1. Replace the abbreviations of the administrative regions where the starting and ending stations of the railway line are located with the abbreviations of provinces and autonomous regions. Since it is impossible and should not use the name of a province or autonomous region as the name of a railway place, the abbreviation of the province or autonomous region appears in the name of the railway line. , it is not enough to indicate the starting and ending stations of the railway line, which will make the name of the railway line lose its original meaning. For example:

Lanzhou-Xinjiang Line (Lanzhou-Urumqi): The starting station of this railway line is Lanzhou and the ending station is Urumqi. "

Xin" is the abbreviation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, not Urumqi City. "Xin" cannot accurately describe the exact location of the terminal.

It is a practical choice to abandon the "Lanzhou-Xinjiang Line" and rename it as the "Lanzhou-Urban Line".

Qinghai-Tibet Line (Xining-Golmud): This railway line is a railway that has been planned and is under construction. It is planned to run from

Xining to Lhasa. It has been built to Qinghai Province. Golmud City. "Zang" is the abbreviation of the Tibet Autonomous Region. "Zang" does not

represent the city of Lhasa, nor can it describe the specific location of any other place in Tibet where the railway will be built in the future. For now

it is appropriate to temporarily call the railway line that has been opened to traffic the "Xig Line".

Lanzhou-Qinghai Line (Lanzhou-Xining): The terminal station of this railway line is Xining. "Qing" is the abbreviation of Qinghai Province, not Xining City; "Qing" cannot accurately express the geographical coordinates of the terminal. Letting the "Lanqing Line" give way to the "Lanxi Line

" is an effective measure.

Anhui-Jiangxi Line (Wuhu-Guixi): The starting and ending stations of this railway line are Wuhu and Guixi respectively. Although Wuhu City is under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province, Guixi City is under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province. In Jiangxi Province, "Wan" and "Gan" are used as the abbreviations of Anhui Province and Jiangxi Province respectively.

Or "Gan" is used as the abbreviation of Ganzhou City, which is inconsistent with the actual situation, resulting in "Wan" The name of the railway line "Ganxi Line" is like a castle in the air, but it cannot be implemented down to earth. Simply and clearly naming the railway line "Wu-Gui Line" will be more convenient for consumers.

Zhejiang-Ganxi Line (Hangzhou-Zhuzhou): This railway line was opened to traffic in 1937. The starting station is Hangzhou and the ending station is Zhuzhou.

The naming of the railway line at that time was inaccurate, which caused many people to form the wrong concept that Zhuzhou City belongs to Jiangxi Province. In fact,

Zhuzhou City is in Hunan Province and has nothing to do with "Gan"; "Zhe" is the abbreviation of Zhejiang Province, not Hangzhou City. It is more appropriate to use "Hangzhou-Zhuzhou Line" to replace the name of the original railway line.

Hunan-Guizhou Line (Zhuzhou-Guiyang): This railway line was completed and opened to traffic in 1972. The starting and ending stations are Zhuzhou

and Guiyang respectively. "Xiang" is the abbreviation of Hunan Province, not Zhuzhou City; "Qian" is the abbreviation of Guizhou Province, not Guiyang City

. The word "Hunan and Guizhou" is used in the name of the railway line. It is a vague place name and is not used in a standardized way. It only plays a simple role in explaining in large letters that the railway line runs from Hunan Province to Guizhou Province. Renaming the railway line "Zhuhu-Guizhou Line" will make it more clear

Hunan-Guangxi Line (Hengyang-Pingxiang): This railway line was completed and opened to traffic in 1955. The starting station is Hengyang and the terminal station is Pingxiang

Xiang. "Gui" is the abbreviation of both the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guilin City. It has nothing to do with Pingxiang City in the Guangxi Autonomous Region. It seems more reasonable to rename the railway line after "Heng Ping Line".

2. The area where railway trains operate is used as the name of the railway line. For any railway line with an originating station and a terminal station, trains

trains must run within a certain section, but this cannot be a precedent for using this as the name of a railway line for two reasons:

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First, there is great ambiguity in this interval; second, the starting and ending stations of the railway line are not well marked. For example:

Jiaoji Line (Qingdao-Jinan): This railway line was opened to traffic in 1904. The starting station is Qingdao and the ending station is Jinan.

In 1897, Germany occupied Jiaozhou Bay and forced the Qing government to sign the Jiao'ao Concession Treaty. In 1922, China took back the leased land and renamed it Jiaoao Commercial Port. Qingdao Special City was established in 1925. Because the railway line was completed and opened to traffic earlier, the word "glue" was used at that time and is still used today. However, "glue" is not the abbreviation of Qingdao City, nor does it represent Qingdao. It is a broad and inaccurate concept. It is recommended that the "Jiaoji Line" be renamed the "Jiqing Line" (there is currently a Jiqing Expressway).

Nanjiang Line (Turpan-Korla): This railway line was completed and opened to traffic in 1979. Turpan is the starting station and Korla is the terminal station.

After subsequent construction, it has now been opened to Kashgar. Xinjiang is customarily divided into southern Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang using the Tianshan Mountains as the boundary. Turpan, Korla, and Kashgar are all in southern Xinjiang, hence the name of the southern Xinjiang line. Nanjiang refers to a place in a broad sense and is of uncertain geographical location. It is used to name railway lines and has poor locational reference. Based on the current actual situation, it seems more reasonable for the railway line to be renamed the "Tukha Line".

3. Due to the adjustment of administrative divisions, the name of the originally scientific and standard railway line is not worthy of its name. Due to the changes in administrative divisions, especially the changes in the names of administrative regions, the original railway station names have lost their basis, forcing the railway station names to also be based on the parent location names. Otherwise, the name of the railway station will form a situation where "the skin is gone but the hair is not attached

", thus entering the embarrassing situation of existing in name only. For example:

Sichuan-Guizhou Line (Chongqing-Guiyang): This railway line was completed and opened to traffic in 1965. The starting station is Chongqing and the ending station is Guiyang

In 1997, Chongqing was established as a municipality directly under the Central Government, and the abbreviation was decided to be "Yu". Therefore, the name of the railway line was inconsistent with its name and should be renamed "Yu-Gui Line".

Longhai Line (Lanzhou----Lianyungang): This railway line was completed and opened to traffic in 1952, starting from Lanzhou City in the west and ending at Lianyungang City in the east

"Long" is not the abbreviation of Lanzhou City, but the abbreviation of Gansu Province, while "Hai" is the old name of Lianyungang City. (When the Longhai Railway was built in 1932, its name used the first letter "Hai" in the name of the Haizhou area in Donghai County at that time. In 1949, the sea in Donghai County was Zhouzhou, Xinpu and Lianyungang were merged to form Xinhailian City. In 1961, Xinhailian City was renamed Lianyungang City.) According to this statement, the unclear location of the "Longhai Line" should be included. Renamed "Lanlian".

4. The name of the railway line has not been changed after the railway transportation route has been changed. During the construction and operation of the railway, railway transportation will make necessary adjustments according to actual needs, change the original direction of the train, and extend the mileage of the train. and fix it within a certain period of time. In this case, the original railway line name should be abolished immediately

and a new railway line name should be used at the same time. Otherwise, it is a typical act of showing off. For example:

Tongpu Line (Datong-Mengyuan) Tongpu Line: This railway line was completed and opened to traffic in 1937. The entire railway line is in Shanxi Province

Starting from Datong in the north , south to Fenglingdu, Ruicheng County. At that time, the line was named after the well-known Zhipuzhou Town in Yongji County, 25 kilometers north of Fenglingdu, which is basically justified. In 1969, the railway line was built to Mengyuan Town, Huayin City, Shaanxi Province, and was connected with the "Longhai Line", making the Tongpu Line unworthy of its name. It is recommended that the name of this line be "retired" and replaced by "Tongmeng Line"

5. The abbreviations of the starting station and the ending station in the name of the railway line do not correspond to the correct, standardized and scientific abbreviations of the administrative regions

. According to the express provisions of the State Council's "Regulations on the Administration of Place Names" (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations on Place Names") promulgated on January 23, 1986, "the stations, stations, and ports with place name significance used by various professional departments , field names, etc., generally

should be unified with local place names." Regarding this point, except for a few railway station names, most railway station names in our country are strictly

complied with. this provision. However, some railway line names

violate this rule because they use abbreviations. For example:

Bin-Sui Line (Harbin-Suifenhe): The starting station of this railway line is Harbin, and "Bin" is the third character of Harbin City

not Harbin City abbreviation. Since the Beijing-Harbin line uses the word "Ha" to mean Harbin, why is the railway line from Harbin to Suifenhe named "Bin-Sui Line"? Wouldn't it be better to call it the "Hasui Line"?

Binzhou Line (Harbin-Manzhouli): The terminal station of this railway line is Manzhouli. "zhou" is not the abbreviation for the city of Manzhouli. It is the second character of the place name Manzhouli. It is also the only middle character used in the names of major railway lines in the country. Obviously Nor is it entirely reasonable. Therefore, the following suggestions are put forward to rename the "Binzhou Line" to the "Haman Line".

It is worth mentioning that since the name of the railway line is composed of the abbreviations of two place names, it is possible that the name of the railway line

may have two names at the same time. Two errors occurred. This kind of double inappropriateness deserves even more attention from us. For example,

Binzhou Line (Harbin----Manzhouli), Longhai Line (Lanzhou----Lianyungang), Sichuan-Guizhou Line (Chongqing----Guiyang

3. Reasons for the confusion in the names of railway lines

There are some deficiencies in the names of railway lines, which include both institutional problems and legal deficiencies

, there are also some omissions in understanding, specifically:

1. The management system of railway place names is not smooth. Paragraph (5) of Article 6 of the "Regulations on Place Names" stipulates: "All professional departments

use names of stations, stations, ports, venues, etc. with place name significance, after obtaining the consent of the local people's government. Professional supervisor

Department review and approval. "This regulation obviously leads to two misunderstandings: First, pure place names such as Taiwan, stations, ports, and airports are not listed as place names. The second is to hand over the management of these out-and-out place names to the units that use the place names. As a result, the real place name management agencies can only watch on the sidelines with a sigh of relief.

On June 18, 1996, the Ministry of Civil Affairs issued the "Implementation Rules of the Geographical Name Management Regulations" (hereinafter referred to as the "Implementation Rules") in Document No. 17 [1996] of the Ministry of Civil Affairs. Article 6 stipulates: "The Ministry of Civil Affairs is the competent department for the management of geographical names nationwide, and supervises and coordinates the management of geographical names used by professional departments." In other words, due to the restrictions of the parent law, this "Implementation "Detailed Rules

" is still an attempt to fundamentally break out of the vicious circle of geographical name management and administration. To this day, railway authorities can still name places themselves

or revoke their own place names. Judging from the actual situation, with the development of market economy, my country's railway construction and

operations have been undertaken by private enterprises. If the inherent management system of the planned economy period is still adhered to, various types of

Leaving private parties to name stations, stations, ports, venues and other places is obviously unworkable both rationally and legally.

2. Place name regulations have not yet been established and perfected. Article 4 (4) of the "Geographical Names Regulations" stipulates: "The names of stations, stations, ports, venues, etc. that have geographical significance used by various professional departments should generally be unified with local place names.

"In other words, the name of the railway line

comes from the abbreviations of the starting and ending stations, and the name of the railway station is rooted in the name of the local administrative region

And its abbreviation. This brings up a topic. Whether the abbreviation of the administrative area where the railway starts and ends is correct is directly related to the scientific nature of the railway line name. Unfortunately, although we have the "State Council". "Regulations on the Management of Administrative Divisions" (State Council No. 8, January 15, 1985), but the content related to the management of administrative region abbreviations is actually missing. In other words, the management of abbreviations for provincial-level administrative regions has never been relaxed, while the management of abbreviations for administrative regions below the prefecture level has been laissez-faire. As a result, the foundation for abbreviations in administrative regions is unstable and weak. Under the premise, the names of railway lines will naturally be diverse.

Not only that, in real life, the specificity of railway line names is unclear and cannot be based on. The basic principles of place name management were followed, and a naming rule for railway line station names was not promulgated accordingly. As a result, the management of railway line names did not have certain rules. As a result, the name of railway lines was The naming is very arbitrary, resulting in a small number of errors in the names of railway lines.

3. In fact, most of the existing errors in railway line names are in the Place Names Ordinance and the Act. p>

Problems that occurred before the implementation of the "Implementation Rules" were promulgated and implemented. If the professional competent department or the geographical name functional management department attaches great importance to this work, it should be included in the agenda of the department early. schedule and treat this matter very responsibly, we will not have so many regrets on the name of railway lines.

4. Several points on the standardization of railway line names. Recommendations

It can be clearly known from the above analysis that the problem of railway line names is caused by many reasons. Therefore, in response to these factors, the following suggestions are made. :

1. Establish and improve various regulations on place names as soon as possible. Based on full research, repeated consultations, and scientific demonstrations, the "Regulations on Place Names" and "Implementation Rules" will be revised. The complete and land-removing revision strives to liberate itself from the old management mechanism

and formulate and promulgate a complete, scientific, standardized and practical place name management regulations that should mainly solve the following problems

Question: First, rationalize the administrative management system of place names, and bring professional place names managed by each user unit into the scope of responsibilities of functional departments; second, cover all place name management, There must be no missing items; third, implement classified management according to the different

characteristics of place names, and list corresponding criteria.

2. Determine the basic principles for naming railway lines as soon as possible. . Whether the name of a railway line is scientific or not must meet the following three requirements: First, the names of the starting and ending stations are named after the local administrative regions (mostly cities). /p>

name; secondly, when using the abbreviations of the starting station and the terminal station in the name of the railway line, their correct abbreviations should be used, and they should be consistent with the abbreviations of the local administrative region

; Third, the starting station and the ending station are the two longest points of the railway line, that is, there cannot be extension lines at either end of the starting station and the ending station. In view of the particularity of railway line names, in addition to adhering to the three basic requirements proposed above, we believe that the following factors should also be considered when determining the railway line name: First, the starting point of the railway line

The level of the administrative area where the station and the terminal station are located; the second is the order of the administrative area; the third is the upward or downward direction of the train; the fourth is the station at both ends of the railway line Geographical location. On this basis, the naming rules for railway line names were formulated so that we can follow them in future work.

3. Carry out a systematic and comprehensive inventory of the current railway line names as soon as possible, and then change the incorrect railway line names based on the results of the inventory.

In October 2000, the national railway speed was increased for the third time. This was an achievement of the reform of the railway sector. How to reform the names of railway lines

? It's a big deal. We believe that the work of standardizing geographical names for railway line names can be proposed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Geographical Names, approved by the Ministry of Railways, and assisted by the Ministry of Civil Affairs. In this way, railway names

Standardization work will be successfully completed.