In the process of exploring the mystery of Li Zicheng's life and death, neither Manchu nor Nanming reached their peak.

It is widely rumored that Li Zicheng escaped from Shimen Mountain of Zen Buddhism. Shimen County, Hunan Province was called Liyang in ancient times, also known as Lizhou. According to Zhi Lin's Biography of Li Zicheng collected in Lizhou during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, Li Zicheng became a monk in Jiashan, Shimen. Jiashan Temple, located in the east of Shimen County 15km, is the ancient temple in Tang Dynasty mentioned at the beginning of this paper. There are some inscriptions, inscriptions, fragments of poems, the remains of Fengtian monks and many relics, including court jade, including many cultural relics discovered by 1980 archaeological excavation. These undoubtedly constitute strong evidence of this statement.

He's statement is also the earliest record of becoming a monk. It is said that I met a 70-year-old monk when I was in Jiashan. He used to be a monk in Feng Tianyu, and his accent is very similar to that of Shaanxi people. He told He that in the early years of Shunzhi, the monk went to the temple and took out his portrait. It is said that the people in the painting are very similar to Li Zicheng recorded in historical books. Li Zicheng, who claimed to be Marshal Fengtian Shangyi and later called Wang Shun, thought that Feng Tianyu or "King Fengtian" was slightly obscure. However, the ashes and bricks found in the tomb of Jade Monk in Fengtian are engraved with "Daming". How are the inscriptions and related cultural relics written by his disciples confirmed in the tombs? People who hold this view believe that "Ye Fu" is Lee Guo and "Lee Guo" is Li Jin, the nephew of Li Zicheng, thus proving that Feng Tianyu, the monk who was carefully served by Ye Fu, is Li Zicheng. In Jiashan Temple, Zhina's essays, handwriting remodeling handed down from generation to generation by the Jiang family in Linli, tombstones, forest keepsakes, cultural relics, and six "Yongchang" copper coins were also found, which recorded the restoration of the merit monument and secret niche of Jiashan Lingquan Temple by Fengtian Jade Monks respectively. Like imperial edicts, only kings can use them, but ordinary people can't. All this seems to further confirm that the Jade Monk Fengtian is Li Zicheng.

Another basis for holding this view comes from strategic reasoning, that is, Li Zicheng became a monk out of the need of the situation, in order to unite the Ming Dynasty and resist the Qing Dynasty. At that time, the main enemy of Dashun Army led by Li Zicheng was not the Ming Dynasty, but the aggressive Qing army. Anti-Qing has become a top priority. Other armed forces of the United Nations have become very important. At that time, only He Tengjiao in Hunan, under the command of Tang, could unite against the Qing Dynasty. However, when negotiating with He Tengjiao, it is unreasonable and unacceptable to give orders to the army and slaughter Tang Wang and Li Zicheng as emperors. In addition, Li Zicheng was afraid that Tang Wang would not understand and killed Emperor Chongzhen. Therefore, Li Zicheng adopted the practice of suspended animation to live in seclusion, cleverly avoided contradictions, and let Gao Empress and He Tengjiao come forward to unite against the Qing Dynasty.

However, scholars who oppose "breaking away from Zen" think that this theory can't stand scrutiny: although there are real monks in Feng Tianyu, according to Taming, Feng Tianyu experienced the Qing Dynasty. What are the clear priorities? The second book says, "slow position is clear, tight position is clear, and both are clear." Li Zicheng had nothing to do with the Qing Dynasty and China's * * * production party. The author Liu Xuan is a adherent of the Ming Dynasty. He was loyal to the Ming Dynasty. How can he write for the peasant leader Li Zicheng? This is incomprehensible. In addition, in the winter of 1982, the newly discovered tombstone of Ye Fu in Cili County, Hunan Province was written with the words "I hated the power of castration for a long time, and I also used Lin Fu Zhongyuan as an excuse", which also shows that Ye Fu was a military attache who hated eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty. Ye Fu's cautious attitude towards Feng Tianyu, a monk, also shows their close relationship, which also shows that Feng Tianyu may be a relic of the Ming Dynasty. According to records, Feng Tianyu was a monk who came to Jiashan Temple in Shimen County from Sichuan during the Shunzhi period. When I first came to Jiashan, I saw that the ancient temple was dilapidated, so I made a public appearance and asked for more P.

In fact, in late April, when the main force of Dashun army advanced to a place not far from Jiujiang, Jiangxi, it was caught up by the Qing army. After a scuffle, the Qing army broke into the old camp of Dashun Army and captured two uncles of Liu Ruhou Zongmin, military advisers Song Xianchu and Li Zicheng, and a group of generals' families. This sudden incident dealt a great blow to the morale of Dashun Army. Because the Qing army has pursued Jiujiang, Dashun's eastward route may be cut off in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, because Yuduo on the East Road approaches Nanjing via Henan and Anhui Sizhou, and may return to Li to surround Dashun at any time. Knowing this, Li Zicheng changed his strategy and turned around and crossed the river to Hunan. So, when Li Zicheng passed Jiugong Mountain at the junction of Tongshan County, Hubei Province and Ningzhou, Jiangxi Province, he had an accident himself. This scene must be soul-stirring, and it is recorded in Ming and Qing literature. In the first year of Longwu, He Tengjiao, the governor of five southern provinces in the Ming Dynasty, wrote "The Government and the Class of China People * * *", saying:

"I know Zuo Bingnan is showing off here, and there will be a glimpse of Chu, that is, flying to Fu Shangrui, puffed up, pushing Zhao Tingbi, Yao Jishun, Xianning magistrate, etc. Contact Xiang Yong and bide your time. The country was forced by the Qing Dynasty, from Qin to Chu. Even if it rained for ten days, those trapped in the stable persisted for more than a month, and that was the real day. It attacked Hubei for two days. Suddenly, the wind suddenly started, but the opposite side disappeared. Qing Nie was annoyed and afraid, so he went up the mountain. But it means chasing ministers and occupying Hunan's ears. God broke through and rode on Jiugong Mountain with 28 to keep watch. Accidental ambush, intercepted by disorderly blade. Zhang Shuangxi, who accompanied the pseudo-participants, was an honest man, and he only got Chi Ma Xian Yi. Liu went against the trend and shouted after the flying man: "Uncle Li Longshui was killed by the town soldiers, and no one rode on the 28th. Hearing this, the thieves gathered in the camp and began to cry. I caressed Liu Tiren, Hao waved the flag in Xiangyin, caressed Yuan Zongdi, Lin grew up in Changsha, caressed, and the cow had the courage to build a wall. In the camp, I am today's son, and I rely on my servant. The two of them spoke in unison. Zhang Zhanjiang lived in Xiangyin for a long time, and Hao waved the flag. Now he is a minister's standard, and opposing him is always fatal. After that, when asked about the big crime, the road of suppressing caress blocked the voice and would not be sent back to his head for review. The first rebellion today was mud. The soldiers were all dead, but they didn't know it at first. Let the village soldiers know that this is a charge, but they are not strong in spirit and may not be able to cut it off, but it will be the intersection of crossbows and blades, and they will be almost old. Because of the reverse rush of death and the rush of more than 200,000 people, at first it was a reverse wail, and later I regretted myself and lost myself, so I lost my life to the minister. If they don't die, then 200,000 people will be as good as fake Hou and fake Bo, and the ministers with bare hands will be free? '

This article by He Tengjiao is one of the most original documents of Li Zicheng's sacrifice in Jiugong Mountain, Tongshan County, Hubei Province. A few months later, Li Zicheng's Ministry accepted his restraint, and he had enough conditions to learn the news of Li Zicheng's sacrifice from Dashun's generals and soldiers.

Azig, commander-in-chief of the Qing army in charge of pursuing Li Zicheng, also reported Li Zicheng's death to the Qing court. He said that after the fall of Jiujiang, Dashun Army tried its best to attack Jiugong Mountain. They looked everywhere in the mountains, but they couldn't find Li Zicheng. Soldiers killed in battle and captured Dashun soldiers said that Li Zicheng was surrounded by villagers when he fled and could not escape. He hanged himself. So I asked someone who knew Li Zicheng to identify the body, but it was rotted and unrecognizable. Dead or alive, Li Zicheng will continue to inspect.

In the main plot, Azig's speech is consistent with He Tengjiao's report, because his information was also provided by the officers and men of Dashun Army at that time, and it was quite accurate.

Fermi, a historian in the early Qing Dynasty, described Li Zicheng's sacrifice in Daming as follows:

"Green Li Zicheng to Huguang. There are still 30 thousand thieves since the founding of the people's Republic of China. He is a thief. He came to Jiangxi from Xingguo. Self-sufficient relatives take 18 bus from Tongshan county to Jiugongshan mountain range on the border of Jiangxi province. When the villagers heard that a thief was coming, they climbed the mountain, bumped into rocks and killed 18 horses. Self-sufficient to Niuji, Otsuka Mountain, heavy rain, self-sufficient to Lamamiaoling. Mountain man Cheng Jiubo turned to mud with his bare hands. Zicheng sat in Jiubo's crotch and tried to kill him with a knife, but the knife was covered with blood, but not mud. Jiubo is in urgent need of help. His niece Jin shovel committed suicide and became a thief. Wuchang was always the ruler of the Qing Dynasty, and he became his relative. He and eighteen rode to Wuchang and reached the county seat, but Jiubo dared not recognize him. The magistrate went up the hill to tell the thief that Li Zicheng had been killed and rewarded the thief. Kubo went to see the governor for the first time and appointed Kubo to experience the German government. '

Fermi's record is quite detailed. The Niuji mentioned in the article is indeed a local place name, and Cheng Jiubo does have a real person. In the fourth year of Kangxi, there was a biography of him: "In May of the second year of Shunzhi, Cheng Jiubo, a native of Liu Du, drove more than 10,000 thieves to Tongshan County, ravaged and set fire to it, and the people had nowhere to live. Jiubo first gathered people to kill thieves at Xiaoyuankou. " In addition, the first person in the wild book and the first article in Tongshan County annals is "Chen Jiubo, a native of Tongshan, lived in Shunzhi for two years". Although the name is slightly inappropriate, it also proves that Cheng Jiubo was indeed rewarded by the Qing government.

According to the historical data listed above, it can basically be concluded that Li Zicheng has passed away. But why did the Qing court and Nan Ming doubt Li Zicheng's death?

Actually, Dourgen believed it when he just received Aziz's speech about Li Zicheng's death in Jiugong Mountain. He once solemnly told heaven and earth to worship the ancestral temple and announced it to China and foreign countries. Local officials also came to the table to celebrate. However, on the way back to North Korea, Brother Azi got the news that Dashun Army reappeared in Jiangxi. Because Azig didn't get Li Zicheng's first test, Dourgen began to suspect that Li Zicheng's death was unreliable. On July 20, he sent someone to blame Azig, who was about to enter Beijing. Because after Li Zicheng's sacrifice, the main force of Dashun Army under his direct command really entered Ningzhou and Ruichang areas in Jiangxi. Considering that the word "broken thief" in Ming and Qing literature can refer to both Li Zicheng himself and Li Zicheng Rebel Army, it is not surprising that Dashun Army was in Jiangxi, which led to the misinformation that Dashun Army escaped from Jiangxi. Therefore, the so-called "self-sufficiency" and "evidence-based" should actually refer to the self-sufficient head that the Qing court never obtained. It is natural to have some doubts.

Similar to the situation in the Qing court, the news of Li Zicheng's death caused an uproar in Nanming Dragon Martial Arts School. Zhu was overjoyed to hear the story of He Tengjiao's suicide. He went to the University of Dongge and the Ministry of War, and became the Governor of Xingbo. I learned of Li Zicheng's death in He Tengjiao, Yingyong Jiugongshan. Although I got it directly from many generals who followed Li Zicheng, including Zhang Nai, Li Zicheng's adopted son when he died, it should be said that it is quite reliable. However, due to He Tengjiao's failure to provide Li Zicheng's head, many people in the Long Wu court expressed doubts. Guo Weijing, a representative of the right wing, once wrote that Li Zicheng died in Jiugong Mountain in May. These are all rumors. He didn't know until his subordinates surrendered to He Tengjiao in July. This is a report many years later. It seems inappropriate to reward people like this. Besides, I don't know whether Li Zicheng is alive or dead, and I don't know who killed him. I wonder how He Tengjiao would explain if the killer in Li Zicheng came with Li Zicheng's head. And if Li Zicheng doesn't die, where will he appear in the future? What can the emperor do then? So Zhu became suspicious and asked He Tengjiao to report it again, and then announced the good news. In this case, He Tengjiao made a second sparse appraisal: "There is conclusive evidence of death, and I dare not help, so I have to call back truthfully."

In this way, although the Ming and Qing dynasties got one respectively.

Why didn't Li Zicheng's head fall into his hands? There is a simple reason. As far as Nanming is concerned, Dashun Army moved to Jiangxi and Hunan after burying Li Zicheng's body, and Tongshan County was already within the sphere of influence of the Qing army. He Tengjiao is in Changsha, Hunan. It is impossible to send someone to the area controlled by the Qing army to find Li Zicheng's body. Secondly, He Tengjiao was appointed commander of five military regions, but his power was quite limited. It is precisely because of General Dashun's initiative that the anti-Qing United front was established, and "the number of soldiers suddenly increased by hundreds of thousands". Even if it is possible to send troops to Tongshan, He Tengjiao would not dare to offend Dashun Army, which is much stronger than him, to dig up Li Zicheng's body for "inspection". This truth is obvious, but he can't explain it clearly in a daze, so he has to explain vaguely that this pressing method is sound-proof, and he failed the exam for the first time.

As for the reason why Brother A Zi failed to win the first prize in Li Zicheng, it is probably because the time interval is a little long, and the weather in the south is quite hot after May. It is entirely possible that he can't tell the difference between death and immortality. According to the Records of De 'an Prefecture in Kangxi years, Dashun Army retaliated against the local landlords after the leader's sacrifice, killing and injuring thousands of people. The Qing government really figured out the specific circumstances of Li Zicheng's murder. It was after Yang Tong, the governor of eight provinces, such as Huguang, Jiangxi, took office on July 15th, the second year of Shunzhi that "the first person to come to Wuchang came to the county seat" to find the murderer Cheng Jiubo who killed Li Zicheng. Brother A Zi didn't find this clue when he reported to the Qing court. The people he sent on field trips wandered among thousands of rotting bodies. No wonder they can't find evidence.

In a word, Li Zicheng is a rare legendary hero in the history of China. He launched and persisted in a large-scale peasant war, overthrew the prosperous Ming Dynasty, but was defeated by the Qing court established by Manchu, a new ethnic minority in the north. Whether it is a mistake or a natural defect, we can't fully understand many problems in today's life in Li Zicheng, because the uprising and its related historical materials are forbidden and destroyed by people now and in the future. Therefore, the mystery of Li Zicheng's failure until its final destination is still difficult to solve. Although the parties have different opinions, many records and legends still need further clarification and discovery.

Li Zicheng was entangled by several forces and seemed to have died in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Therefore, teachers had better have a reason to answer the master, or they will not be able to prove to the master that Dashun has left and the counterinsurgency has been successful. However, even in this case, he still has the possibility of eternal life. The counter-insurgency troops sent by Ming and Qing Dynasties are eager to settle the case with their masters. It was a great achievement to wipe out his army. If Li Zicheng can't make a comeback, he's dead. In this way, Li Zicheng had the opportunity to become a monk. In fact, becoming a monk makes sense. In fact, whether he was killed or became a monk, it is remarkable that Li Zicheng was born as a commoner and became an emperor in Beijing under the banner of anti-Ming. Unfortunately, he was only emperor for 14 days.