Why was Napoleon defeated by the British army in the Battle of Waterloo?

The Battle of Waterloo was the last battle of his life. After his defeat, he was forced to stay on St. Helena Island where he died of illness. To this day, if anyone encounters an accident in his life, there will still be some. Human description: The road of life has suffered a Waterloo. Why was the Battle of Waterloo unsuccessful? Attacking Russia by mistake

As early as May 1812, Napoleon led 570,000 elite troops to fight in Ukraine. Originally, Napoleon had a very good chance of winning. He was unstoppable and won the Smolensk War, Varus The victories in the Tino War and the Vizisk War defeated the Russian troops who blocked him at that time. After that, Napoleon even captured Paris. Tsar Alexander and his subordinates abandoned Beijing and entered the core area of ??Ukraine. Only then can Ukraine's remaining military strength be stored.

I thought that the outcome of this war might be beyond doubt, but the arena was unpredictable, and the city that welcomed Napoleon was indeed popular in Paris. In addition, in the severe winter in Ukraine, the temperature was very cold, reaching dozens of degrees below zero. , became the biggest friction resistance for Napoleon's troops. During this period, his soldiers were unable to fight, and many people would die from the cold alone. In addition, their money, food and supplies were insufficient, and finally resulted in this The first attempt to invade Ukraine was unsuccessful. In the end, only more than 30,000 troops returned to the Netherlands, with heavy casualties.

In other words, this violation caused a huge blow to the strength training methods of Napoleon's troops. As a result, during the Battle of Waterloo, many of his officers and soldiers were new recruits, and no one could use them. There is no comparison in combat ability and combat experience with previous soldiers. Employment errors

The failure of the Battle of Waterloo, employment errors accounted for a very large proportion. In fact, before this, Napoleon had very good skills in analyzing the game and employment. For example, there are records that Napoleon said: Our country is a sleeping lion, don't disturb it, once it wakes up, the world will tremble.

We can imagine that at that time, our country was in the late Qing government, which coincided with the decline of overall national strength, but he could still see the future of our country, which shows that he had farsightedness beyond ordinary people. But Ney and Grouchy, whom he valued in the Battle of Waterloo, perfectly demonstrated: Don't be afraid of enemies who are like gods, but be afraid of companions who are like pigs.

Grouchy was hesitant and did not know how to support him. At the beginning of the war, Napoleon encountered Lücher's army. After several battles, Lücher was defeated and began to retreat. At this time, Napoleon sent Grouchy and led 33,000 people and 96 artillery to pursue Lücher, however, Lücher and his remaining 30,000 men seemed to have disappeared, and Grouchy never found them.

Until the end, Napoleon launched the final decisive battle, Grouchy was still chasing. At that time, they also heard the sound of gunfire and suspected that a fight had begun, but Grouchy remained determined. The soldiers believed that chasing Lücher was their real mission. At that time, the soldiers suggested that they lead their own men to support him. However, Grouchy said that it was wrong to disperse the troops at this time, so until the end, they did not Reinforcements were sent, but in the end, Napoleon didn't even wait for the reinforcements. One can imagine how desperate he felt.

Ney's incompetence. Ney held important positions many times during the war and led soldiers in assaults. Until the final moment of the war, when the climax of the battle arrived, Napoleon handed over the remaining reserve force of the Old Guard to Ney to prepare for the final struggle, hoping that they could break through Wellington's defenses, although Ney was still under the enemy's control. A gap was created in the army's defense line.

But he did not know to widen the gap. Instead, he attacked the area guarded by the British troops further to the left. Although the British troops suffered heavy casualties under their attack, they still defended the defense line. Chen Zhu faced off and won the final victory. By this time, Napoleon's last bit of preparation was gone, and his last bit of capital was gone.

Some people once said that judging from the last people Napoleon used, he had already lost. Most of the people he used were his relatives rather than those who were capable. This may be because he Consideration of one’s own legacy for generations to come. There is another saying that Napoleon and Wellington faced different pressures at that time. Napoleon was under too much pressure, and all his status and identity needed to be supported by his achievements.

This war is too important to him. If he loses, he will be completely defeated. But Wellington is different. Behind him is the anti-Napoleonic alliance. Even if he loses this time, it doesn't matter. Next time, from this point of view, Napoleon's pressure will be much greater, and also because the losses in the previous attack on Russia were too great, leaving him with no one available in the end. Spreading out his forces

Before the final battle of Waterloo began, Napoleon made the biggest wrong choice in his life, spreading out his forces. In order to pursue Lücher's defeated army, he sent more than 30,000 people. In pursuit, these men accounted for almost a quarter of Napoleon's total troops at the time.

In fact, in the face of such an important war, Napoleon actually made the decision to divide his troops before the war. This decision made many people wonder why Napoleon, who used his troops like a god, would make such a decision. The decision to fail, until the end of the war, the 30,000 elite soldiers he sent out never came back.

Heavy rain on June 18

In the morning of that day, Napoleon and the senators had breakfast at Le Caillou ***. Their mood was quite optimistic at that time. He was very happy because he could finally fight Wellington. Even at that time, he said to his men: Our chance of winning is almost 90%, and the possibility of failure is less than 10%.

Based on the number of troops and artillery at the time, Napoleon did have a great advantage. However, what was unexpected was that it suddenly rained heavily and did not stop until the afternoon.

The road was very muddy, which prevented Napoleon's cavalry and artillery from entering the combat position on time. In the end, Napoleon's proud artillery did not have any advantage, and the previously defeated Lücher actually led his men. Came to support Wellington, until the situation on the entire battlefield changed drastically, Napoleon became the disadvantaged party, and ultimately failed to escape the outcome.

It was these many factors that contributed to Napoleon's defeat and the death of a generation of heroes!