Demonstration experiment of precipitation formation conditions

The demonstration experiment of precipitation formation conditions is as follows:

Experimental equipment: a glass plate, an alcohol lamp, a beaker (500ml or 1000ml filled with boiling water), a 1 iron shelf and an asbestos net.

Experimental steps: put a large beaker on an asbestos net and heat the water in the beaker to boiling. At the same time, the glass plate is hung above the beaker, and the water vapor will fall on the glass plate for agglutination, and then form water droplets, which will fall.

Test principle: In this demonstration experiment, it should be clear that the alcohol lamp simulates the sun and the glass plate simulates the cold air in the atmosphere. The sun evaporates water into the atmosphere. When the air temperature drops, water vapor condenses into water droplets, reaching a certain weight, forming rain!

How is precipitation formed?

Precipitation consists of warm and humid air. When the air cools, water vapor begins to turn into condensation nuclei and gradually turns into clouds. When the water point becomes large enough, there are two processes that can lead to precipitation.

Refers to the weather phenomenon that condensed water vapor in the atmosphere falls to the surface of the earth in different ways. Almost all water vapor in the atmosphere is concentrated in the troposphere. The higher the temperature, the more water vapor the atmosphere can hold, and vice versa.

At a certain temperature, when the air can't hold more water vapor, it is called saturated air. When the water vapor in saturated air matches the temperature, there will be no water vapor condensation, but when the air reaches the supersaturated state, excessive water vapor will be generated and water vapor condensation will occur.

Extended data

Supersaturated air

The formation of supersaturated air is mainly due to the upward movement of air, which makes the temperature drop and forms supersaturated water vapor; Coupled with the role of condensation nuclei with strong hygroscopicity, water vapor condenses into clouds, and the volume of cloud droplets and ice crystals coming out of the clouds is too small to overcome the resistance of air and the support of updraft, thus suspending in the air.

When the cloud continues to rise and cool, or the water vapor outside the cloud is continuously input into the cloud, so that the cloud droplets are increasing and the updraft can no longer stand it, it can fall from the cloud, forming precipitation weather such as rain, snow and hail.