What should ordinary people pay attention to in extreme weather?

Extreme weather and climate events refer to rare meteorological events in a certain area in a certain period of time. Extreme weather and climate events can generally be divided into extreme high temperature, extreme low temperature, extreme drought and extreme precipitation. Generally, it is characterized by low probability of occurrence and great social impact.

Extreme weather and climate events are different, so are their harmfulness and risks. People need to take corresponding preventive measures against extreme weather.

One is extreme high temperature, that is, the heat.

In work and daily activities, we should pay attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling, avoid direct sunlight, reduce outdoor activities, try to stay in an air-conditioned environment or a cool place, drink plenty of water, and prepare some convenient heatstroke prevention and cooling drugs, such as cool oil and wind oil essence. Outdoor work is inevitable, so we must shade the sun and control the workload.

The second is extreme low temperature, that is, freezing and cold current.

In extremely cold weather (snowstorm, icy road, cold wave), pay attention to the weather forecast, prepare for cold, and prepare to knit waterproof coats, gloves, hats, scarves and masks. Check heating equipment, stoves, chimneys, etc. , to ensure the normal use of coal, firewood, etc., sufficient reserves. Including indoor heating equipment and clothing, prepare enough food. Try to reduce outdoor activities, especially for the young and the old, don't go out, close doors and windows at home and fasten outdoor structures. Outdoor personnel such as high altitude and water stoppage stop working. Relevant departments should do a good job in snow melting and road snow cleaning. Drivers who need to drive on the road should pay special attention to the road conditions and drive safely. Pedestrians who need outdoor activities should be careful when going out.

Third, extreme drought.

Drought mainly affects the income of daily work and life, and does not pose a direct threat to human health (except entering a life-saving state, such as fleeing from the sea and getting lost in the desert). Therefore, in the event of drought, local government departments will coordinate drought relief, and more importantly, the usual prevention: a variety of trees, a variety of grass. Make full use of grass and trees in sandy land to prevent land desertification. Improving soil structure and preventing soil hardening will be more unfavorable to the growth of planted crops. Use farm manure as much as possible, and use less inorganic fertilizer to improve soil and maintain soil fertility. Use less phosphorus-containing fertilizers to prevent the destruction of ecological balance, and so on. In fact, afforestation is the most effective way to combat extreme weather and drought.

4. Extreme precipitation, violent rain, snow and hail.

First of all, we should know the weather forecast in time and make preparations for preventing heavy rain, such as umbrellas and raincoats. In case of heavy rain, try to hide from the rain, but you can't hide under trees or places where there is a risk of lightning strike. When driving in a rainstorm, we should park in a safe place to prevent getting wet. When there is a rainstorm at home, close the doors and windows and turn off the power. When the school students and teachers encounter heavy rain, they should organize their children to stay in the classroom and not walk around at will. Until parents send rain gear home.

5. Extreme weather such as other natural disasters, such as typhoons, tornadoes, mudslides and avalanches.

Before the typhoon comes, you should prepare lighting, food, drinking water and common medicines. When the typhoon comes, try to avoid going out. If you are outdoors, please go back to a safe place as soon as possible, pay attention to falling objects, such as flower pots and advertising signs, and stay away from tall buildings. The public should pay attention to typhoon news, close doors and windows, and check doors and windows, circuits, stoves, gas and other facilities. Move outdoor animals, plants and other items indoors, especially outdoor things that are easily blown by the wind, and strengthen protection.

Extreme weather and climate events refer to events in which the weather seriously deviates from its average state and is not easy to occur. Extreme weather and climate events are small probability events that occur once in 50 years or once in 100 years. With global warming, the frequency of extreme weather and climate events has changed, showing an increasing trend.

In 2007, the latest assessment report issued by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) showed that in the past 50 years, extreme weather events around the world, especially extreme events such as heavy rainfall and high temperature heat waves, showed an increasing trend, and it is expected that such extreme events will appear more frequently. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) issued a statement that extreme events not only increased significantly worldwide, but also spread widely, including heavy rainfall in Southeast Asia, unprecedented tropical storm in the Gulf region in June, heavy rainfall and floods in southern China, floods in Britain from May to July, heat waves in Southeast Europe and Russia, and abnormal snowfall in parts of South Africa and South America.

There is only one earth, which is our common home. Only when all mankind come to protect the earth and care for our living environment can we avoid the punishment of extreme weather.