Make fur specimens

Nitrate preservative. (a) fresh skin should be scraped off oil and residual meat in time. Foxes, raccoons, minks and rex rabbits attach some grease, residual meat and blood to peeled fresh skins and skins, and these substances must be removed in time. If you open the skin, put the hair of the skin board down and the board face up, and lay it flat on the board. Scrape the grease along the direction of the hair root, and don't use too much force to avoid damaging the skin plate. If you scrape against the hair root, it is easy to cause the hair pin to fail; If you push too hard, there will be holes in the knife. To scrape off the grease residue on the peeling board, you should use force slowly. Blue foxes, raccoons, and minks are all stripped into cylindrical skins. When scraping oil, the leather tube should be sleeved on a round wooden last or rubber tube, and the size is moderate, so it is advisable to spread the leather plate. Scraping oil should use an oil scraper or an electrician's knife, and the blade should be blunt. Carefully scrape the slightly thinner part of the leather board; Pay more attention to the edges, nipples and around the head. It is best to cut off the grease and connective tissue in these parts with scissors. Fox skin, raccoon skin, mink skin and leather board are all oily, and there is oil leakage when scraping oil. Use sawdust to clean hides, hands and tools, keep them clean, and minimize the pollution of grease on fur. (2) Wash the fur. At present, there are two ways to clean fur. Large farms use leather washing machines and small farmers use manual methods. Use a leather washer and follow the instructions. Manual leather washing method: first wash the grease and dirt on the leather board with sawdust, and then wash the fur surface repeatedly after the leather board is cleaned. Wash the grease, blood and other dirt on the fur repeatedly with sawdust or wheat bran until the fur is clean, fluffy and shiny, and then shake off the sawdust or wheat bran. (3) drying and shaping the leather board. Drying and setting with the last piece of wood requires drying for the last two times. Last last time 1 time, the fur is inward, the leather board is covered on the last board, and the leather tube is pulled down evenly with both hands. In order to make the skin beautiful, the length should be stretched moderately, all parts of the skin board should be straightened, the tail should be widened as much as possible, and then all parts should be fixed with thumbtacks to make the forelimbs droop naturally. Hold the leather board until it is 6-7% dry, then turn the leather tube outward into hair and dry it on the last board. After putting the last board, put it in the drying room and put it on the drying rack. The indoor temperature is 20-25℃, so it should be ventilated. When the leather board is 90% dry, put it at the end. Put the leather head up, tie the nostril with a rope, hang it on the indoor wire, and continue to ventilate and dry at room temperature 10- 15℃. You can also put the last board outdoors and air dry naturally. After the leather board is dried, it is washed with sawdust or wheat bran to completely remove the unwashed oil and ash, comb the tangled hair, shake off the sawdust and keep it or sell it. (4) The treatment method of rex rabbit skin. Rex rabbit skin and domestic rabbit skin can be peeled and cut into pieces, dried and salted. (1) drying method: the head, limbs and tail of the freshly slaughtered rabbit skin are removed, and the oil, residual meat and blood are removed. When the weather is cool in winter, spring or late autumn, the site should be located in a ventilated and dry place, and the leather board should be laid flat on a clean ground, with the hair down, and the edge should be pressed with bricks. The leather type should be fixed and dry to avoid strong light irradiation, so as not to burn the board with oil; Prevent sand and dust from polluting furs and leather boards. In the process of drying, it is necessary to turn over in time and dry both sides. When the fur is completely dry, the dust and other dirt on the fur should be shaken off, such as rex rabbit skin. When selling, the fur should be combed again 1 time, and the rabbit skin should be tied and stored. (2) Pickling method: In summer or early autumn, due to the hot and humid weather, the remaining fresh skins are easy to rot and deteriorate, and it is not easy to dry, so we have to use the pickling method. Clean fresh rabbit skin, with fur face down and board face up, is spread on cement floor or plastic cloth, stretched to straighten the skin shape, stretched to flatten the edge of the skin, evenly rubbed a layer of fine salt on the skin board, and then the fur face down, and the board face to board face is stacked, and 20 pieces are stacked. After 3-4 hours, the salt solution completely penetrates into the leather board, then it is dried separately and spread flat on a clean ground for ventilation. Pickled dry fur is not easy to shrink, rot and deteriorate, and does not have insects, but it is easy to regain moisture in rainy days, so it should be properly kept to prevent water soaking. (5) Fur storage and preservation. Fur should be stored in a clean and dry warehouse. If it needs to be stored for a long time, the warehouse should be ventilated, heat-insulated, moisture-proof, insect-proof, rodent-proof and dust-proof. Precious furs of foxes, raccoons and minks should be properly kept, stored in wooden cases or wooden frames, or hung in rows on iron wires in warehouses, covered with cloth and sprinkled with fine naphthalene powder; Sprinkle some fine naphthalene powder or other insect repellents on the ground and put rodenticide on it. There are a large number of rabbit skins. The dried rabbit skins are bundled and stored on a low wooden frame to ventilate the bottom, and some camphor powder is sprinkled in the rabbit skins to prevent insects from eating. Put rodenticide on the ground to prevent rats. Fur is not suitable for long-term storage, and it is difficult to preserve in summer. It's best to sell it in time. Precious furs that need to be preserved for a long time are best stored in a constant temperature warehouse. Check the stored furs frequently, and handle the problems in time if found.