Geographical environment of Xinzhou District

Xinzhou District is located in the north bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, in the northeast of Wuhan, between north latitude1115 5' and 30 35'-30 2', with Tuanfeng in the east, Huangpi in the west and Hongan and Hongan in the north. The terrain inclines from northeast to southwest, with low mountains and hills in the northeast, hilly plains in the middle and riverside, lakeside plains and rivers and lakes in the southwest. The altitude of this area is between 20- 100 meters, the highest point is Jiangjun Peak, with an altitude of 675 meters, and the lowest point is Jiagang Farm in the second reclamation area of Wuhu, with an altitude of 15.2 meters. The hills are all the remaining veins of Dabie Mountain, which extend to the whole country through Huanggang, Macheng and Hongan. The river winds its way along the hills into the Yangtze River. At the same time, Xinzhou guards the east gate of Wuhan, which is located at the golden crossroads in the inland of China. It is a land and water hub for northeastern Hubei and Henan, Anhui and Jiangxi provinces to enter Wuhan. Yangluo core port of Wuhan Xingang is an important water gateway to the coast of Wuhan, and the only natural deep-water port in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which directly reaches Yichang and Hukou for more than 2,000 kilometers. Wuhan Xingang Yangluo Deepwater Port and Wuhan Tianhe International Airport cross the river into the sea, and Beijing-Kowloon and Beijing-Guangzhou railways cross the border.

However, Beijing-Zhuhai, Shanghai-Chengdu, Daguang and Wuying expressways extend in all directions, and Xinzhou District has formed a three-dimensional transportation network of water, land, rail and air. Mountain: There are Louzhai Mountain, Beach River Mountain, Shahe Plain in the west, Macheng in the northeast and Huanggang in the southeast. With a total area of 68.74 square kilometers, the terrain is high in the north and low in the south, and the altitude is above 100 meters. Mountains are cut by rivers and reservoirs, forming their own veins, extending from north to south and arranged from east to west. Among them, Jiangjun Mountain stands at the northeast end, with an altitude of 675 meters and beautiful scenery. Rhoda is located at the eastern end, with an altitude of 264.6 meters. Phoenix Mountain occupies the southeast, with an altitude of 381.8m; Pu 'antang Village is located at the southeast end, with an altitude of 192m.

Qiugang: There are three hills in China, namely Yegugang, Changlinggang and Cangyanggang, which run through the central part from north to south and are staggered with rivers from east to west, with a total area of 72 1.79 square kilometers.

Gu Ye Post is located between Shahe River and Jushui River, starting from Zhang Xingdou in the northeast, dumping materials in Dalusu in the southwest, with an altitude of 30- 100 meters. Xugugang in the east is the watershed of Shahe River and its tributary Xugutu River. Li Zhigang is the watershed between Qiaotu River and Xugutu River, a tributary of Shahe River. Pantanggang in the west is the watershed of Tuhai River, Jushui River and its tributary Donghe River in He Qiao.

Changling post station is between carrying water and pouring water. The main post starts from Yujiashan in the north, passes through Guo Gang, Liu Mingang and Xifeng Temple, and ends in Zhangdian. The west wing passes through Shenjiagang, Changlinggang and Guijiashan and ends in Wang Ji; The east wing passes through Baolonggang and ends at Yedian.

Cangyangyi is located in the west of Xinzhou, which is the watershed between water irrigation and Wuhu. It starts from the top of Wang Xuan in the north, passes through Shanghai, Lin Gang, Taogang, Backhill, Sungang and Shigang, and ends in the Yangtze River. There are Jintaigang and Songjiagang in the east and Caijiagang and Zhou Chenggang in the west. The terrain is high in the south and low in the north, with an altitude of 30-90.9 meters.

Plain: There are mainly three plains along the river, along the lake and along the river, with a total area of 69 1.07 square kilometers.

The plain along the Yangtze River is located on both sides of the river, covering an area of 289.67 square kilometers. Among them, Juping was originally between Yegu Port and Changling Port, starting from Yujiazhai and Fenzi Street in the north and reaching Yujialou and Broken Moon Village in the south. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south, with an altitude of 20-30 meters. Daoshui Plain is between Changlinggang and Cangyanggang, starting from Liujiahetou in the north and reaching Renjiazui in the south. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south, with an altitude of 20-30 meters. Shahe Plain lies between Yegugang and hilly areas, starting from Shahe Street in the northeast and reaching Shengli Lake in the southwest. The terrain is high in the northeast and low in the southwest, with an altitude of 20-30 meters.

Binhu Plain is located in the southwest, including Wuhu Plain and Zhangdu Lake Plain. Reclaimed by the masses, the area is about 274.38 square kilometers. Among them, Wuhu Plain is connected to Huangpi in the northwest and Yangtze River in the south, with high terrain in the southeast and low terrain in the northwest, with an altitude of 15.2-22 meters; Zhangdu Lake Plain is connected to Binjiang Plain in the south, Binjiang Plain in the north, Jushui in the east and Cangyang Port in the west. The terrain is slightly higher from east to west, inclined to Zhangdu Lake, with an altitude of 15.6-22 meters.

Binjiang Plain is a long and narrow strip from Longkou to Tai Po, commonly known as "70-mile double willow land", with water in the east, water in the west, Yangtze River in the south and Zhangdu Lake Plain in the north. The terrain is high in the west and low in the east, with an altitude of 20-22 meters and an area of 127.02 square kilometers. Xinzhou is located in the mid-latitude of the northern hemisphere, with a subtropical monsoon climate, four distinct seasons, abundant sunshine, sufficient heat, abundant rain, long frost-free period and short cold period. In spring, the temperature rises, the sunshine increases, the rainfall increases, the weather is changeable, and there are occasional cold waves, hail and strong winds; It is hot and rainy in summer, rainy in early summer and dry in midsummer. Autumn is cool, sunny and rainy, with occasional autumn waterlogging; Winter is dry and cold, with short sunshine time, cold wave, strong wind and freezing rain and snow.

It is windy in summer and windy in winter. Spring and autumn is a transitional season, and the wind direction is between southerly wind and northerly wind. The southerly wind is weak, mostly in June-July; The northerly wind is strong and lasts for a long time, with an average frequency of 26%. The annual average wind speed is 2.4m/s, and the maximum wind speed is19m/s. ..

The annual average temperature 16.6 degrees Celsius, the lowest monthly average temperature is 65438+10.3 degrees Celsius, and the highest is 28.5 degrees Celsius in July. The daily extreme maximum temperature is 40.3 degrees Celsius (recorded by historical data, the same below), and the daily extreme minimum temperature is-1 1.5 degrees Celsius.

The annual precipitation changes greatly, with the highest annual precipitation of1982,2165.4 mm and the lowest annual precipitation of 200 1 848.5mm；; Seasonal precipitation changes obviously, 46% in summer, 28.2% in spring, 65,438+06% in autumn and 9.8% in winter. The annual average precipitation days are 120.6 days, the longest one is 137 days, and the smallest one is 98 days.

The average sunshine hours for many years are 20 18.6 hours, with a maximum of 2369.3 hours (1979) and a minimum of 172 1.9 hours (2003). In a year, the sunshine hours of 237.3 hours in August are the most in the whole year, and the sunshine hours of 1 12.4 hours in February are the least.

The first frost date is generally around 165438+ 10 16, and the final frost date is generally around March 3. The average frost-free period is 253.7 days. The longest frost-free period is 1999, reaching 278 days, and the shortest is 1995, only 226 days.