What are the customs during the Spring Festival?

What are the customs from childhood to the fifteenth day of the first month? Let's have a look.

There is a popular Spring Festival song.

Twenty-three kitchen worshippers, twenty-four house cleaners, twenty-five bean curd grinders, twenty-six butchers, twenty-seven butchers, twenty-eight steamed jujubes, twenty-nine drinkers, and thirty contractors in jiaozi. On New Year's Day, I stumbled and bowed.

Little new year

Commonly known as "off-year", it is said that this day is the day when the kitchen god goes to heaven. On this day, every household will bake some sesame cakes wrapped in sesame sugar, which is called "cooking stove" or prepare kitchen candy. Kitchen god will report to the emperor at this time.

It is sweet to the kitchen god, and people hope that he will "speak well in heaven and return to the palace for good luck."

Twenty-four twelfth lunar month

Cleaning the house, this day is the usual cleaning day. It is necessary to go to the old and welcome the new.

Dust removal is year-end cleaning, which is called "house cleaning" in the north and "dust removal" in the south. Every household should clean the environment, clean all kinds of appliances, remove and wash bedding curtains, sweep six yards, dust cobwebs and dredge culverts in open channels.

Twelfth lunar month

Mill to make tofu. Legend has it that the Jade Emperor will visit the lower world and eat tofu dregs to show his suffering. Something good will happen next year.

The folk proverb says, "On the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month, push the mill to make tofu." In some places, there is also the custom of eating tofu residue before New Year's Eve. It is said that after the kitchen god went to heaven, the jade emperor would go to the lower bound to see if all the families were as the kitchen god played, so all the families ate tofu dregs to show their poverty and avoid the punishment of the jade emperor.

According to the old custom, when the kitchen god goes to heaven, the Jade Emperor will personally descend to earth on December 25th of the lunar calendar to investigate the good and evil in the world and decide the fortunes of the coming year. Therefore, every household sacrifices it to pray for blessing, which is called "receiving the Jade Emperor". On this day, we should be careful in our daily life and words, strive for good performance, win the favor of the Jade Emperor and bring good luck for the coming year.

twelfth month of the lunar year

Kill the pig and cut the meat in the new year, and poor families can only eat meat in the new year. It is also the beginning of the new year.

The folk proverb says "December 26th, stew meat", which means that this day is mainly for preparing meat for the Chinese New Year. On the 26th of the twelfth lunar month, there are "the 26th of the twelfth lunar month, washing inside and washing outside" everywhere. There is a saying that the barn is cleaned on the 26th of the twelfth lunar month, and there is also a saying among the people that the meat is cut on the 26th of the twelfth lunar month. That is to say, from this day on, we will start buying new year's goods. In rural areas, this day is a big market day, and people in the surrounding villages go to the market to buy new year's goods.

December 27th.

Slaughter New Year's chickens, catch up with the big party, and all the items needed for the Spring Festival are under purchase.

There is a saying in folk songs called "Killing chickens on the 27th of the twelfth lunar month". Why kill a chicken on the 27th? This is actually homophonic. "Chicken" and "Ji" mean good luck. Kill the chicken, don't eat it that day, you can eat it on New Year's Eve, but you can't finish it on New Year's Eve. You should always keep some.

Because, this in itself represents good luck, so during the festival, you should see chickens on the table every day, which is complete. In addition, because the old manager stressed that you can't use the knife on the first day, these things should of course be prepared in advance.

the 28th of the twelfth lunar month

Decals for making cakes and steamed buns. The ancients used mahogany as the wood to ward off evil spirits, and later it was replaced by red paper. I will stick the window grilles today.

Folk songs have the saying "28 th day of the twelfth lunar month, dough mixing" and "28 th day of the twelfth lunar month, making cakes and making applique buns", which means that every household should start preparing the staple food for the New Year on the 28 th day of the twelfth lunar month, whether it is dough mixing or making buns.

"Decals" refer to New Year pictures, Spring Festival couplets and decals. Among them, the custom of pasting Spring Festival couplets originated from the ancient "Fu Tao". The ancients used peach wood as a wood to ward off evil spirits. The Book of Arts said, "Peach is the essence of five trees, so it also suppresses evil spirits." In the Five Dynasties, Meng Changya, the monarch of the post-Shu Dynasty, was good at literature. Every year, he made people write inscriptions for Fu Tao, which became the origin of Spring Festival couplets in later generations. The inscription on the Fu Tao "New Year's Qing Yu, Spring Festival Changchun" became the first "Spring Festival couplets" in China's recorded history. Later, with the appearance of papermaking, the custom of pasting Spring Festival couplets with red paper instead of mahogany appeared.

the 29th of the twelfth lunar month

Go to the grave and beg your ancestors for a big confession. Ancestor worship has a long history in China.

On the 29th of the twelfth lunar month, the day before New Year's Eve, it is commonly called "New Year's Eve". On this day, people hold a banquet at home, which is called "Another Year", and burning incense outdoors is called "Tianxiang", which usually takes three days.

There are big months and small months in China lunar calendar. The so-called big month is 30, and the abortion is only 29. So the twelfth lunar month is the time of miscarriage, and the 29th is the last day of the year. Then the 29th of the twelfth lunar month is New Year's Eve, even if it is not a miscarriage, the next day is New Year's Eve, so all kinds of preparations for the New Year should be completed on this day. In the whole festival, the 29th is the busiest day. In addition to preparing all kinds of food and clothing sacrifices, there is also an extremely important activity "going to the grave to ask the ancestors". Therefore, every year, rumors say, "On the 29th of the twelfth lunar month, please go to the grave and ask your ancestors to make great contributions."

New Year's Eve in China

One night is two years old, and five nights are divided into two days. At the end of the year, winter snow and winter snow melt, and it seems that a warm spring breeze blows in the warm palace. According to legend, every New Year's Eve, animals will come out to do bad things. After a night's vigil and setting off firecrackers at midnight, people scared away the animals. What if I don't keep my birthday and I can't see you the next day?

The 30th of the twelfth lunar month, also called New Year's Eve, refers to the last day of the twelfth lunar month, which is connected with the Spring Festival (the first day of the first month). On New Year's Eve, people will bid farewell to the old and welcome the new, which means that the old year will be removed here and the new year will be replaced next year. Northerners are used to eating jiaozi in the New Year, while the South has the custom of eating wonton in the New Year. Eating noodles in the new year is to hope to live longer.

Keeping old age on New Year's Eve is the most important custom, which was recorded in Wei and Jin Dynasties. The main activity of observing the Year is to protect Jiaozi.

The first day of the lunar new year

In traditional customs, New Year's Day greetings must be paid by elders or neighbors, who generally don't go far away. After New Year's Eve, people open the door on the first morning and congratulate each other "Happy New Year! Peace and good luck ... ". The younger generation pays New Year greetings to the elders, and the elders give lucky money to ward off evil spirits.

On the first day of the lunar new year, the custom is to set off firecrackers, celebrate the New Year, occupy the new year and gather wealth. On New Year's Day, you can't use a broom, otherwise it will sweep your luck and break your financial path.

In addition to jiaozi, there is jiaozi for breakfast on New Year's Day. It means: everything goes well and the whole family is happy. Eating jiaozi in the New Year is not called "jiaozi" or "Yuanbao", and eating jiaozi is not called "eating jiaozi" but "getting Yuanbao".

The second day of the first lunar month.

On the second day of the Lunar New Year, the golden bark indicates the arrival of spring. Family members go to New Year's greetings, the host stays for dinner, and western families arrange banquets.

The second day of the first month is also a New Year's greeting, but the daughter who got married on this day will take her son-in-law with her. Among them, there are many rules for newlyweds to go home. For example, bring gifts in pairs. The bride's family can't accept it all, and she has to take some back when she goes back to her husband's house.

On the second day of New Year's Day, the married daughter will take her husband and children back to her family to pay New Year's greetings. On this day, the daughter who goes back to her parents' home must bring some gifts and red envelopes to her children and have lunch at her parents' home.

In the north, the god of wealth sacrifices on the second day of the first month. On this day, both commercial shops and ordinary families will hold activities to worship the god of wealth. I want to eat wonton at noon this day, commonly known as "Yuanbao soup".

On the third day of the first month

On the third day of the lunar new year, the fat pig arch. The son-in-law visits her father-in-law and daughter-in-law to return to her mother's house and presents even numbers.

In traditional customs, the third day of the first month is considered as the day when mice marry girls, so they should rest early at night and don't disturb mice to marry girls. Rats have a taste of "whoever doesn't let me have a good day, I will make him feel bad for a whole year". If they are disturbed and marry a daughter, rats will hurt the family. Go to bed early for the harvest in the field!

The third day of the first lunar month is also called the Year of the Pig. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, the traditional view is that the first day of the first month is rooster day, the second day is dog day, the third day is pig day, the fourth day is sheep day, the fifth day is ox day, the sixth day is horse day and the seventh day is human day. Legend has it that this is because when Nu Wa created everything, she created six animals first and then people, so the first day to the sixth day is the day of six animals.

The fourth day of the first month

On the fourth day of the fourth month of the lunar calendar, three sheep bloom in Thailand. Kitchen God wants to check the household registration, and welcomes the kitchen God Hui people.

The fourth day of the fourth lunar month is the time when immortals return from heaven to earth. There is a saying that "send God early and receive God later". The so-called sending of God should start early in the morning, and it is not too late to receive God in the afternoon. In terms of offerings, three animals, fruits and dining tables should be prepared, and incense sticks should be lit to burn gold clothes. In the past, the boss wanted to "fire" a person. On this day, he came to worship God uninvited. The other party knew it well and packed up and left.

According to legend, on the fourth day of the Lunar New Year, Kitchen God wants to check the household registration, and every household should stay at home, so it is not advisable to travel far. Prepare abundant fruits, burn incense, light candles and set off firecrackers to show welcome.

The fifth day of the first month

On the fifth day of the Lunar New Year, it is spring in Niu Geng. Five roads lead to the god of wealth, east and west, north and south, and wealth is led by five roads.

The fifth day, also called "Breaking the Fifth Day", is a big day for businessmen. This day is to pray for a bumper year and meet the god of wealth. "The store will open its doors and set off firecrackers on this day."

On the fifth day of the first month, according to folk customs, it is the birthday of the five-way god of wealth. Therefore, it is natural to welcome the God of Wealth into the house and wish his family good fortune in the new year. It is a day to send away the "poor", so there is a saying of "sending the poor out of the house". At the same time, this day is also commonly known as "breaking five", which means that many taboos in the past few days are over.

The sixth day of the first month

On the sixth day of the lunar new year's eve, the horse arrived at success. Drink and worship the street. Thousands of families are watching, and no one does not send the poor.

On the fifth day, I just welcomed the god of wealth into the door, and on the sixth day, I will send away the poor god. On the day of sending the poor god, we will do a general cleaning at home and throw away all the rubbish, useless rags and the like. In addition, you should also drink a vegetarian soup, which is made of seven kinds of vegetables such as spinach and green vegetables.

On the sixth day of the first month, "seeing the poor off" is a very distinctive custom in ancient China, which means offering sacrifices to poor ghosts and gods. Han Yu, a great writer in the Tang Dynasty, wrote Send the Poor. Yao He, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Three Poems to Send Poverty Day", the first of which said: "Every year on this day, we have to go to the streets to drink and worship. Looking at thousands of households, no one is not poor. "

The seventh day of the first month

On the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, people live a long life. Spread pancakes and eat seven treasures, and live in peace.

Also known as People's Victory Day, People's Celebration Day, Population Day and People's Seven Days. Legend has it that Nu Wa created chickens, dogs, pigs, cows, horses and other animals at the beginning of creation, and then created people on the seventh day, so this day is the birthday of mankind. Some people began to observe daily customs in the Han dynasty, and they began to pay attention to it after the Wei and Jin Dynasties. In ancient times, people had the custom of "men winning". The man won as a headdress. Since the Jin Dynasty, people cut the ribbon for flowers and people, or put gold foil on people's screens and put it on their hair.

Taoism believes: "Mr. Heaven and Earth is a chicken, a dog, a pig, a sheep, a cow, a horse and a stranger." Dong Fangshuo's "The Challenge Book" in the Han Dynasty also said: "The first day of the first month accounts for chickens, dogs, pigs, sheep, cows, horses, people and valleys."

In the traditional custom of China, on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, people celebrate their birthdays by cooking seven kinds of vegetables into seven treasures, that is, cooking seven kinds of vegetables into mixed vegetable soup. In the agricultural society, everyone hopes to have a bumper harvest in the coming year.

The eighth day of the first month

On the eighth day of the eighth lunar month, release the blessings. On the day of the lower bound of the stars, build a small lamp to burn it, one inch of time and one inch of gold.

Taoism and folk people regard the eighth day of the first month as the lower limit of the stars and make small lanterns to burn, which is called Shunxing, also called "offering stars" and "receiving stars". Some people say that the eighth day is Xiaomi's birthday. If the weather is fine, the rice harvest will be good. If it is cloudy, it will be a hard year.

According to Taoism and astrologers, everyone has a year-old star, also known as the "fleeting star" (the nine planets of the sun, the moon, the water, the fire, the wood, the gold, the earth, the Luo Hou and the planned capital take turns to take charge of the year).

The fate of a person's year is entirely in the hands of the stars in charge of the year. The eighth day of the first month of each year is the day when the stars gather, which is also commonly known as the "lower bound of the stars". So this day may be blessed by the stars. Therefore, some people go to Baiyun Guanxing Temple (namely Chenyuan Temple) to burn incense and enjoy happiness. However, do you want to burn incense in the temple? It's Sunday night. After the stars come out in the sky, every household will hold a ceremony to worship the stars.

Early September

On the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, the Jade Emperor was born. Is the supreme god who rules the universe, and people will hold ceremonies to celebrate.

The ninth day of the first month is this day, commonly known as "Tianshou". It is said that this day is the birthday of the Jade Emperor. Whenever the Jade Emperor's birthday is celebrated, people will hold ceremonies to celebrate it. The main Taoist and folk customs include offering sacrifices to the jade emperor and offering sacrifices to heaven through Taoist temples. In some places, when the weather is fine, women will prepare incense sticks and bowls and put them in the corner of patio lane to worship the sky in the open air, praying for God's blessing.

In the old days, on this night, men and women gathered under a big tree (preferably under a osmanthus tree) to sing, and invited the jade emperor's favorite little daughter, the seven fairies, to descend to earth. The songs they sing must be happy and auspicious, so that the seven fairies will be happy. When she is happy, her father, the Jade Emperor, will bless everything on the earth.

The tenth day of the first month

On the tenth day of the lunar new year, the stone is sacrificed to give thanks. One day, land, houses for people and animals, rice, wheat and rice were all born on land.

On this day, all stone tools such as grinding and grinding can't be moved, and even sacrifices are set up to enjoy the stones, for fear of hurting crops. Also known as "stone does not move" and "ten does not move". Henan custom: On this day, every household pays tribute and burns incense on stones. You must eat steamed stuffed buns for lunch, thinking that you can make a fortune within one year after eating cake. In Yuncheng, Shandong and other places, there is a move to lift the stone god. In early Kuya, a crock was frozen on a smooth stone, and ten boys or girls took turns to carry it. If the stone does not fall to the ground, it indicates a bumper harvest that year.

On the 10th day of the Lunar New Year, it is Stone's birthday. On this day, no stone tools such as grinding and grinding can be moved, and even stones must be sacrificed. In Yuncheng, Shandong and other places, there is a saying that God lifts stones. At the beginning of Kuya, people frozen a crock on a smooth stone. On the morning of the tenth day, the nose of the crock was tied with a rope and carried by ten boys in turn. The stone didn't fall to the ground, which indicated a bumper harvest that year.

Eleventh day of the first month

On the eleventh day of the first month, the son-in-law was sacrificed. The oppressed women regard her as the protector of the disadvantaged women.

The eleventh day of the first month is commonly known as "Zigu Day" (in some places it is the fourteenth day of the first month). The earliest document that recorded Zigu was Bieyuan written by Liu in the Southern Song Dynasty. Generally speaking, Zigu is somebody else's concubine. She was jealous of the original match and was killed in the toilet on the fifteenth day of the first month. God sympathized with her and named her Ce Shen. However, people worship Zi Gu not because she is Ce Shen, but because Zi Gu represents oppressed women, so she is worshipped by women and sacrificed as a protector of disadvantaged women.

At the same time, the eleventh day of the first month is still the "son-in-law's day", which is the day when the father-in-law fetes his son-in-law. On the ninth day, there was a lot of leftover food to celebrate "God's Birthday", except for one day on the tenth day, so the bride's family didn't have to spend any more money, so they used the leftover food to entertain their son-in-law and daughter. The folk song is called "Please ask your son-in-law".

There is a saying in folk songs that "the son-in-law is invited on the eleventh day", that is, the eleventh day of the first month is the "son-in-law's day", on which the father-in-law fetes his son-in-law. According to legend, this is because the food celebrated on the ninth day can't be eaten until the tenth day, so it is used to invite the son-in-law to dinner on the eleventh day, and the family doesn't have to spend any more money.

The twelfth day of the first month

On the twelfth day of the first month, a light shed was set up. The Lantern Festival is coming, so we began to prepare for it.

From the new year to the eleventh day of the first month, most of the food people eat is greasy. So from this day on, people began to eat lightly, clearing intestines and moistening dryness. More importantly, since the Lantern Festival will be celebrated in three days, we should start making preparations from this day. At home, we will buy lanterns and build a light shed.

Folk commonly known as "light shed on the twelfth day of the first month" means that the Lantern Festival is coming. From this day on, village managers will gather skilled craftsmen and young adults to prepare lanterns to make various preparations for the Lantern Festival.

There is a nursery rhyme that says, "Eleven people clamor, twelve people build a light shed, thirteen people turn on the lights, fourteen lights are on, fifteen lines and a half months, and sixteen people finish the lights."

The thirteenth day of the first month

On the thirteenth day of the first month, light the kitchen lamp. Every pilot made the lights. Play lanterns and eat jiaozi.

Today is the thirteenth day of the first lunar month. Preparations for the Lantern Festival are still going on. In the south of China, people enjoy lanterns on this day. On this day, an endless stream of China people will go to the Chenghuang Temple to enjoy the lanterns. And this is just the prelude to the Lantern Festival. Besides traditional red lanterns, there are many different styles of lanterns. The lantern show usually starts today and ends on the 18th day of the first month.

On the 13th day of the first month, there is an important folk activity called "the birthday of the lampstand". On this day, people want to light a lamp under the kitchen stove, which is called "lighting the stove lamp". In fact, because the Lantern Festival is coming on the fifteenth day of the first month, all the lamps made by families are called "lamp holders".

On the fifteenth day of the first month, lanterns are usually tied from the thirteenth day of the first month. On the thirteenth day of the first month, it is "lighting up"; 14 is "light test"; Fifteenth is "positive light"; 17, lights out. From the 13th day of the first month, people began to put lanterns and tie colored lanterns!

The fourteenth day of the first month

On the fourteenth day of the first month, worship the water god to protect the health of women and children. Test light.

The fourteenth day of the first lunar month. In most parts of China, everything on 14 is for the Lantern Festival the next day. On this day, the Lantern Festival is open for people to buy lanterns. For the Lantern Festival, performances such as dragon and lion dances began to be staged in the street. Some people write riddles on lanterns to add to the festive atmosphere. In China, riddles are very traditional crossword puzzles. Adults and children like to solve these problems.

People call the 14th day of the first month the birthday of the "Waterfront Goddess" (also known as "Mrs. Shuntian"). Legend has it that Queen Linshui, surnamed Chen, was born in the Tang Dynasty, and later became an immortal to save dystocia women. As a result, people set up shrines to worship, calling them "Goddess of Near Water" and "Lady of Shuntian". In fact, it is a patron saint created by women in an era of no status and underdeveloped science, and it is also a way for them to motivate themselves because they are afraid of dystocia.

In order to prepare for the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month, both the people and the imperial court will set up light sheds, hang lanterns, make colorful decorations, and do some rehearsal activities of entertainment programs to become "test lights" to welcome the annual Lantern Festival. As for the vendors selling lanterns in the market, they have already prepared all kinds of lanterns and are ready to sell them at any time, becoming a "lantern market".

The fifteenth day of the first month

On the fifteenth day of the first month, Lantern Festival, watch lanterns.

Eating Yuanxiao on the fifteenth day of the first month, as a kind of food, has a long history in China. In the Song Dynasty, a novel Lantern Festival food was popular among the people. This kind of food was originally called "Floating Zi Yuan", later called "Yuanxiao", and merchants also called it "Yuanbao". Yuanxiao, or "Tangyuan", contains sugar, roses, sesame seeds, red bean paste, cinnamon bark, walnut kernel, nuts, jujube paste and so on. And wrapped in glutinous rice flour into a circle, you can be vegetarian and have different flavors. It can be boiled, fried and steamed, which means happy reunion. Jiaozi, Shaanxi is not wrapped, but "rolled" in glutinous rice flour, or boiled or fried, warm and round.

Lantern Festival is the main traditional festival in China, also called Yuanxiao and Yuanxiao, and Shangyuan Festival, because it is the first full moon night of the New Year. The origin of Shangyuan Festival is recorded in Miscellaneous Notes on Years Old. Taoism calls the 15th day of the first month Shangyuan Festival, the 15th day of July Zhongyuan Festival and the 15th day of October Xiayuan Festival, which are collectively called "Sanyuan Festival".

Wudou Midao is an important school of Taoism in the late Han Dynasty, which worships heavenly officials, local officials and water officials. He believed that God blessed the people, local officials made atonement, and water officials helped Eritrea, saying that God was born on the 15th of the first month, local officials were born on the 15th of July, and water officials were born on the 15th of October. By the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the "three officials" and "three yuan" were combined into one, forming the three emperors, so the fifteenth day of the first month was called Shangyuan Festival. Wu in the Southern Song Dynasty also said in "Dream": "The fifteenth day of the first month is the day when God bless the people."

Because this festival has the custom of watching lanterns in past dynasties, it is also called Lantern Festival. During the Lantern Festival, it is an opportunity for young men and women to meet their lovers, so the Lantern Festival has become the "Valentine's Day" in China.

According to legend, the fifteenth day of the first month is the birthday of Lei Zu, the silkworm god, so this day has become a day for people to sacrifice to the silkworm god. Silkworm worshippers take rice porridge and meat fat as offerings, and at the same time, they hold candles with bamboo poles and insert them in the fields, which is called "according to the field silkworm" (it is said that observing the color of the lamp can judge the abundance and sorrow of a year). This activity gradually became the source of the Lantern Festival custom in later generations.