How to predict the weather by looking at the sky?

Astronomical phenomena, if only astronomical phenomena, have nothing to do with the weather. Even the sun closest to us will only affect radio propagation during a flare, but will not affect the atmosphere. So we can't use astronomical phenomena to predict the weather.

However, there are some atmospheric phenomena, such as "the sun dazzles the wind and the moon dazzles the rain", which can be used to predict. But that's not a celestial phenomenon, but a meteorological phenomenon.