Is the weather in Zhanjiang suitable for planting rubber trees?

This area is located at the southernmost tip of Guangdong, at 20 17? 0? 7, one 22 20? 0? 7。 Including Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, Dianbai, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Zhanjiang and Maoming. The land area is 20446 square kilometers.

The area has a large scope and complex landform types. Leizhou Peninsula, south of Zhanjiang City, is flat and slightly undulating, up and down 50 meters. ④ Area 4 1/4 rubber trees are concentrated here. The central hilly areas in the north of Zhanjiang City and the south of Gaozhou County are mostly below 250 meters above sea level, with a relative height of less than 50 meters and a relatively small slope of about 5- 10 degrees. There are few rubber trees in this area. There are middle and high hills in the north of the area, with an altitude below 400 meters, and the hills and fields are remarkable. The slope is mostly between 5 and 20 degrees. It is the main rubber planting area in western Guangdong, with 50%. Rubber trees are distributed here.

The soil composition in this area is also very complicated. The northern hills are mainly lateritic red soil with gneiss, sandstone, granite and other parent materials, which are widely distributed, with deep soil layers, obvious occurrence levels and good structure. Fertility is generally high, and topsoil organic matter is 2.5%. Up and down, the total nitrogen is 0. 12% and the total phosphorus is 0.06%. The soil is acidic with a pH of 5. In the central platform and coastal areas, the soil developed from shallow sea sediments, belonging to latosol, with thick soil layer, heavy sandy soil and low fertility. The southern area is basalt-developed soil with heavy texture and good fertility, and the topsoil organic matter is 2-4%. The soil in this area is suitable for the growth of rubber trees.

The hydrothermal conditions in this area are good. The annual average temperature is 22.2-23.3℃, the most Leng Yue average temperature is 14.3- 16.3℃, and the number of months ≥ 18℃ is 9- 10. ≥ 10℃ active accumulated temperature 8 100-8300℃. The annual sunshine duration is1889-2156 hours. The light is sufficient, and the growth period of rubber trees in this area is sufficient.

The annual rainfall is 1300- 1600 mm, most counties are 1400- 1500 mm, and the annual rainfall days are 120- 140 days. The distribution of precipitation is uneven, with less in the south and less in the north, less in Ciel Phantomhive in winter, and drought in autumn and winter for about 5 months, which is obviously divided into dry and wet seasons. Because of the same season of water and heat, the water and humidity conditions in this area can meet the needs of rubber tree growth.

The unfavorable natural factors in this area are mainly the poor wintering conditions in the north. In most counties, the annual extreme low temperature is 2-4℃, and the low temperature of-1℃ appears in the middle and north of the strong cold wave year. The occurrence probability of ≤0℃ is 6.7- 10%. In the cold wave of 1955, the serious damage rate of young rubber trees in Xinhua and Xinshidai farms in northern Huazhou reached more than 80 a; Secondly, typhoons in the south are frequent and strong, and the wind damage to rubber trees is serious. The probability of typhoon ≥ 10 in the east of Xuwen, Haikang and other counties is greater than that in AD 20, and the 100% rate of typhoon 8007 is 26%. To sum up, the damage rate of rubber trees in the whole region is 10.5%. The preservation rate of rubber trees is low, and the yield of dry rubber per mu is 30-40 kg.

Therefore, rubber cultivation in this area should be mainly cold-resistant and wind-resistant. Attention should be paid to the selection of rubber planting plots, the allocation of high-yield varieties with strong stress resistance, the construction of shelter forests, the development of second-line crops and diversified management to improve land productivity. It is necessary to strengthen the management of existing rubber plantations, consolidate the production of rubber trees, further improve the output level and improve the operating efficiency.